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完形填空 生态美人鱼
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:7分钟
新素材 [2025 长沙中考改编]When Liivand was little, she was often sick. To get stronger, she 1 swimming. Soon after, she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions, sometimes even in icy water.
Several years ago, Liivand moved to Florida, but she continued to 2 in the sea. One day during her training, she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea.
That experience made Liivand think of all the sea animals. These animals face 3 problems every day like her. So she decided to do something to raise people’s awareness (意识) of 4 pollution. Thinking about sea animals gave Liivand the idea of swimming like a sea animal. Instead of using her arms, she 5 swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together. She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin would send “a bigger message”.
Liivand first set the world record for swimming with a rubbery fin in 2019. She swam 10 kilometers off the coast of California. In 2021, she broke the 6 by swimming 30 kilometers, this time in Miami, Florida. But Liivand believed she could go 7. Every day, she got up at 4:00 a.m., put on her fin and went swimming. To improve her strength (力量), she sometimes even pulled other people in the water.
On May 7, 2022, Liivand managed to break her record again. 8, she swam 42.2 kilometers. It took her nearly 12 hours. Along the way, the woman collected all the 9 she found and put it in the small boat that was following her. Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish. “Breaking a record means a lot to me, but being 10 to help the community and the world means much more,” Liivand said.
1. A. took up B. put off
C. gave up D. turned off
2. A. fish B. swim C. boat D. sail
3. A. similar B. different C. opposite D. popular
4. A. air B. sound C. plastic D. light
5. A. stopped B. started C. regretted D. finished
6. A. leg B. rule C. mind D. record
7. A. farther B. slower C. higher D. faster
8. A. Unluckily B. Unbelievably
C. Uncertainly D. Unsurprisingly
9. A. ice B. oil C. rubbish D. treasure
10. A. warm-hearted B. cold-blooded
C. weak-kneed D. short-sighted
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:7分钟
新素材 [2025 长沙中考改编]When Liivand was little, she was often sick. To get stronger, she 1 swimming. Soon after, she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions, sometimes even in icy water.
Several years ago, Liivand moved to Florida, but she continued to 2 in the sea. One day during her training, she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea.
That experience made Liivand think of all the sea animals. These animals face 3 problems every day like her. So she decided to do something to raise people’s awareness (意识) of 4 pollution. Thinking about sea animals gave Liivand the idea of swimming like a sea animal. Instead of using her arms, she 5 swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together. She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin would send “a bigger message”.
Liivand first set the world record for swimming with a rubbery fin in 2019. She swam 10 kilometers off the coast of California. In 2021, she broke the 6 by swimming 30 kilometers, this time in Miami, Florida. But Liivand believed she could go 7. Every day, she got up at 4:00 a.m., put on her fin and went swimming. To improve her strength (力量), she sometimes even pulled other people in the water.
On May 7, 2022, Liivand managed to break her record again. 8, she swam 42.2 kilometers. It took her nearly 12 hours. Along the way, the woman collected all the 9 she found and put it in the small boat that was following her. Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish. “Breaking a record means a lot to me, but being 10 to help the community and the world means much more,” Liivand said.
1. A. took up B. put off
C. gave up D. turned off
2. A. fish B. swim C. boat D. sail
3. A. similar B. different C. opposite D. popular
4. A. air B. sound C. plastic D. light
5. A. stopped B. started C. regretted D. finished
6. A. leg B. rule C. mind D. record
7. A. farther B. slower C. higher D. faster
8. A. Unluckily B. Unbelievably
C. Uncertainly D. Unsurprisingly
9. A. ice B. oil C. rubbish D. treasure
10. A. warm-hearted B. cold-blooded
C. weak-kneed D. short-sighted
答案
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了Liivand为了提高人们对塑料污染的认识,穿着橡胶脚蹼在海水中游泳并多次打破纪录的故事。
1. A 根据设空后的“she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions”可知,此处表示“为了变得更强健,她开始游泳”。take up学着做,开始做;put off推迟;give up放弃;turn off关闭。故选A。
2. B 根据上文中多次出现的“swimming”及下文中的“she 5 swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together”可知,此处表示“她继续在海里游泳”。故选B。
3. A 根据设空后的“like her”可知,此处表示“像她一样,这些动物每天面临着类似的问题”。similar类似的;different不同的;opposite相反的;popular受欢迎的。故选A。
4. C 根据上文中的“she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea”可知,此处表示“所以她决定做点什么来提高人们对塑料污染的认识”。故选C。
5. B 根据下文中的“She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin would send 'a bigger message'”可知,此处表示“她开始在脚上戴个橡胶脚蹼游泳”。故选B。
6. D 根据设空前的“Liivand first set the world record ... in 2019. She swam 10 kilometers off the coast of California”及设空后的“swimming 30 kilometers”可知,此处表示“她游了30千米,打破了纪录”。leg腿;rule规则;mind思维;record纪录。故选D。
7. A 上文提到Liivand打破了纪录,再根据设空前的“But”可推知,她认为自己可以游得更远。故选A。
8. B 根据设空前的“Liivand managed to break her record again”及设空后的“she swam 42.2 kilometers”可知,Unbelievably“难以置信地”符合文意。故选B。
9. C 根据下文中的“Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish”可知,一路上,这个女人收集了她发现的所有垃圾,并将其放在跟在她后面的小船上。ice冰;oil石油;rubbish垃圾;treasure珍宝。故选C。
10. A 根据设空后的“help the community and the world means much more”可知,此处表示“但是热心帮助社区和世界意味着更多”。warm-hearted热心肠的;cold-blooded冷酷的;weak-kneed缺乏勇气的;short-sighted目光短浅的。故选A。
1. A 根据设空后的“she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions”可知,此处表示“为了变得更强健,她开始游泳”。take up学着做,开始做;put off推迟;give up放弃;turn off关闭。故选A。
2. B 根据上文中多次出现的“swimming”及下文中的“she 5 swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together”可知,此处表示“她继续在海里游泳”。故选B。
3. A 根据设空后的“like her”可知,此处表示“像她一样,这些动物每天面临着类似的问题”。similar类似的;different不同的;opposite相反的;popular受欢迎的。故选A。
4. C 根据上文中的“she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea”可知,此处表示“所以她决定做点什么来提高人们对塑料污染的认识”。故选C。
5. B 根据下文中的“She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin would send 'a bigger message'”可知,此处表示“她开始在脚上戴个橡胶脚蹼游泳”。故选B。
6. D 根据设空前的“Liivand first set the world record ... in 2019. She swam 10 kilometers off the coast of California”及设空后的“swimming 30 kilometers”可知,此处表示“她游了30千米,打破了纪录”。leg腿;rule规则;mind思维;record纪录。故选D。
7. A 上文提到Liivand打破了纪录,再根据设空前的“But”可推知,她认为自己可以游得更远。故选A。
8. B 根据设空前的“Liivand managed to break her record again”及设空后的“she swam 42.2 kilometers”可知,Unbelievably“难以置信地”符合文意。故选B。
9. C 根据下文中的“Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish”可知,一路上,这个女人收集了她发现的所有垃圾,并将其放在跟在她后面的小船上。ice冰;oil石油;rubbish垃圾;treasure珍宝。故选C。
10. A 根据设空后的“help the community and the world means much more”可知,此处表示“但是热心帮助社区和世界意味着更多”。warm-hearted热心肠的;cold-blooded冷酷的;weak-kneed缺乏勇气的;short-sighted目光短浅的。故选A。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇以环保为主题的记叙文完形填空，解题思路为：1. 先通读全文把握主旨：Liivand通过游泳打破纪录，以此提高人们对海洋塑料污染的认识；2. 逐个分析空格，结合上下文语境、词汇含义及固定搭配，逐一排除错误选项确定答案。比如第1空根据后文参加公开水域比赛判断是“开始游泳”，第2空结合前文多次出现的“swimming”确定答案，其余空格均需紧扣上下文细节和词汇辨析。
【解析】
1. 第1空：根据后文“she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions”可知，此处表示“开始游泳”，take up意为“开始做”，put off推迟，give up放弃，turn off关闭，故选A。
2. 第2空：结合前文多次出现的“swimming”及后文“swimming with a rubbery fin”可知，此处指继续在海里游泳，故选B。
3. 第3空：根据“like her”可知，动物面临的问题和Liivand的情况类似，similar意为“类似的”，different不同的，opposite相反的，popular受欢迎的，故选A。
4. 第4空：前文提到“swallowed some plastic waste”，故此处指提高对塑料污染的认识，故选C。
5. 第5空：根据后文“swimming with a rubbery fin would send a bigger message”可知，此处表示“开始用脚蹼游泳”，start意为“开始”，stop停止，regret后悔，finish完成，故选B。
6. 第6空：前文提到“set the world record”，后文“swimming 30 kilometers”是打破纪录，record意为“纪录”，leg腿，rule规则，mind思维，故选D。
7. 第7空：上文打破纪录，结合But可知，她认为自己能游得更远，farther意为“更远”，slower更慢，higher更高，faster更快，故选A。
8. 第8空：打破42.2公里的纪录是令人惊讶的，unbelievably意为“难以置信地”，unluckily不幸地，uncertainly不确定地，unsurprisingly不出所料地，故选B。
9. 第9空：后文提到“three full bags of rubbish”，故此处指收集垃圾，rubbish意为“垃圾”，ice冰，oil石油，treasure珍宝，故选C。
10. 第10空：结合“help the community and the world”可知，此处指热心帮助他人，warm-hearted意为“热心肠的”，cold-blooded冷酷的，weak-kneed缺乏勇气的，short-sighted目光短浅的，故选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A
【知识点】
完形填空词汇辨析、语境理解、记叙文阅读
【点评】
本题为中考改编的环保主题完形填空，侧重考查学生对上下文语境的把握和常用词汇的辨析能力，需要学生梳理文章脉络，结合细节信息解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇以环保为主题的记叙文完形填空，解题思路为：1. 先通读全文把握主旨：Liivand通过游泳打破纪录，以此提高人们对海洋塑料污染的认识；2. 逐个分析空格，结合上下文语境、词汇含义及固定搭配，逐一排除错误选项确定答案。比如第1空根据后文参加公开水域比赛判断是“开始游泳”，第2空结合前文多次出现的“swimming”确定答案，其余空格均需紧扣上下文细节和词汇辨析。
【解析】
1. 第1空：根据后文“she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions”可知，此处表示“开始游泳”，take up意为“开始做”，put off推迟，give up放弃，turn off关闭，故选A。
2. 第2空：结合前文多次出现的“swimming”及后文“swimming with a rubbery fin”可知，此处指继续在海里游泳，故选B。
3. 第3空：根据“like her”可知，动物面临的问题和Liivand的情况类似，similar意为“类似的”，different不同的，opposite相反的，popular受欢迎的，故选A。
4. 第4空：前文提到“swallowed some plastic waste”，故此处指提高对塑料污染的认识，故选C。
5. 第5空：根据后文“swimming with a rubbery fin would send a bigger message”可知，此处表示“开始用脚蹼游泳”，start意为“开始”，stop停止，regret后悔，finish完成，故选B。
6. 第6空：前文提到“set the world record”，后文“swimming 30 kilometers”是打破纪录，record意为“纪录”，leg腿，rule规则，mind思维，故选D。
7. 第7空：上文打破纪录，结合But可知，她认为自己能游得更远，farther意为“更远”，slower更慢，higher更高，faster更快，故选A。
8. 第8空：打破42.2公里的纪录是令人惊讶的，unbelievably意为“难以置信地”，unluckily不幸地，uncertainly不确定地，unsurprisingly不出所料地，故选B。
9. 第9空：后文提到“three full bags of rubbish”，故此处指收集垃圾，rubbish意为“垃圾”，ice冰，oil石油，treasure珍宝，故选C。
10. 第10空：结合“help the community and the world”可知，此处指热心帮助他人，warm-hearted意为“热心肠的”，cold-blooded冷酷的，weak-kneed缺乏勇气的，short-sighted目光短浅的，故选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A
【知识点】
完形填空词汇辨析、语境理解、记叙文阅读
【点评】
本题为中考改编的环保主题完形填空，侧重考查学生对上下文语境的把握和常用词汇的辨析能力，需要学生梳理文章脉络，结合细节信息解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
