2026年励耘书业浙江期末八年级英语下册外研版第5页答案
三、完形填空(本题有15小题,每小题1分,共计15分)
阅读下面的短文,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Wang Yongzhi, one of the famous rocket(火箭) scientists, played a leading role in China's manned spaceflight programme. He was $\underline{21}$ the Medal of the Republic in September 2024, about three months after his passing away.
He was born in a poor family in Liaoning Province in 1932. He $\underline{22}$ very hard when he was young. In 1952, he went to Tsinghua University. In 1955, he was $\underline{23}$ to study at the Moscow Aviation Institute. $\underline{24}$, two years later, Wang changed his major after $\underline{25}$ that China needed some students to learn how to $\underline{26}$ carrier rockets and ballistic missiles(弹道导弹). In the summer of 1961, Wang graduated and $\underline{27}$ to China.
He $\underline{28}$ working on rocket design. During his work, he designed a number of $\underline{29}$ and missiles. In 1992, he was named $\underline{30}$ the chief planner in the nation's manned spaceflight programme, although he was already 60. The task brought him a great deal of $\underline{31}$, but he stuck to his task because he thought it was his $\underline{32}$ to make the nation's dream of flying into space come true. Under the scientist's leadership, China $\underline{33}$ finished its first manned spaceflight in 2003. For his contribution(贡献) to China's spaceflight programme, Wang $\underline{34}$ the National Highest Science and Technology Award in the same year. In 2005, he saw the $\underline{35}$ of China's second manned spaceflight.
After retirement(退休), Wang was still energetic. He continued to provide suggestions for the building of China's space station and the manned lunar landing programme.
(
)21. A. told B. given C. awarded D. shown
(
)22. A. studied B. thought C. played D. lived
(
)23. A. asked B. allowed C. invited D. sent
(
)24. A. However B. Besides C. Finally D. Suddenly
(
)25. A. reading B. learning C. writing D. talking
(
)26. A. buy B. sell C. design D. draw
(
)27. A. travelled B. moved C. flew D. returned
(
)28. A. started B. stopped C. remembered D. forgot
(
)29. A. planes B. rockets C. ships D. cars
(
)30. A. for B. as C. with D. to
(
)31. A. stress B. fun C. joy D. luck
(
)32. A. hobby B. habit C. interest D. duty
(
)33. A. carefully B. successfully C. slowly D. quickly
(
)34. A. refused B. kept C. received D. brought
(
)35. A. failure B. success C. problem D. difficulty

答案

21.C 22.A 23.D 24.A 25.B 26.C 27.D 28.A 29.B 30.B 31.A 32.D 33.B 34.C 35.B
【完形填空】
本文是一篇记叙文,介绍火箭科学家王永志的生平与贡献:他出身贫困,早年刻苦学习,留学时因国家需求转攻运载火箭专业,回国后投身火箭设计,60岁担任载人航天工程总设计师,克服压力完成中国首次载人航天飞行,获多项荣誉,退休后仍为航天事业献策,去世后被追授“共和国勋章”。
第21题:考查动词辨析及语境。根据文章“He was ______ the Medal of the Republic”,此处是“被授予共和国勋章”,C选项awarded有“授予(正式荣誉)”的专属含义;A选项told(告诉)、B选项given(普通给予)、D选项shown(展示)均不符合“勋章”的正式荣誉属性。故选C。
第24题:考查连词辨析及语境。前文是“被派往莫斯科航空学院学习”,后文是“两年后换专业”,存在转折关系,A选项However(然而)体现转折逻辑;B选项Besides(此外)、C选项Finally(最终)、D选项Suddenly(突然)均不匹配转折语境。故选A。
第25题:考查动词辨析及语境。根据文章“after ... that China needed some students to learn ...”,这里是“意识到国家有需求后换专业”,B选项learning在这里表示“了解、意识到”的语义;A选项reading(阅读)、C选项writing(写作)、D选项talking(交谈)都无法准确表达“感知到国家需求”的逻辑。故选B。
第32题:考查名词辨析及语境。根据文章“it was his ______ to make the nation's dream of flying into space come true”,此处指“实现国家航天梦的使命”,D选项duty(责任、使命)符合“家国重任”的厚重语境;A选项hobby(爱好)、B选项habit(习惯)、C选项interest(兴趣)均无法体现“国家使命”的语义。故选D。

解析

【分析】
做完形填空需遵循“先通读明大意,逐题析语境,辨词义选最佳”的思路:第一步快速通读全文,明确文章围绕火箭科学家王永志的生平与航天贡献展开,把握核心内容;第二步逐题分析,结合空格前后的语境、词汇搭配、逻辑关系(如转折、因果),辨析选项词汇的含义与用法,排除不符合语境的选项;第三步最后通读全文,验证所选答案是否使文章通顺连贯。
【解析】
21题:考查动词辨析。句意:他在2024年9月被授予“共和国勋章”。award意为“授予(正式荣誉)”,符合勋章授予的语境;tell(告诉)、give(普通给予)、show(展示)均不适合搭配“勋章”,故选C。
22题:考查动词辨析。句意:他年轻时学习非常努力。study(学习)符合“刻苦学习”的语境;think(思考)、play(玩耍)、live(生活)不符合,故选A。
23题:考查动词辨析。句意:1955年,他被派往莫斯科航空学院学习。send(派遣)符合“被派往国外学习”的语境;ask(要求)、allow(允许)、invite(邀请)均不符合,故选D。
24题:考查连词辨析。前文是被派往莫斯科学习,后文是换专业,存在转折关系,however(然而)表转折;besides(此外)表递进,finally(最终)表顺序,suddenly(突然)表意外,故选A。
25题:考查动词辨析。句意:在了解到中国需要相关人才后,他换了专业。learn在此处意为“了解、得知”,符合语境;read(阅读)、write(写作)、talk(交谈)均不合适,故选B。
26题:考查动词辨析。句意:学习如何设计运载火箭和弹道导弹。design(设计)符合航天领域的专业动作;buy(购买)、sell(售卖)、draw(绘画)不符合,故选C。
27题:考查动词辨析。句意:1961年他毕业并返回中国。return(返回)符合“回国”的语境;travel(旅行)、move(移动)、fly(飞行)均不贴合,故选D。
28题:考查动词辨析。句意:他开始从事火箭设计工作。start(开始)符合“投身工作”的语境;stop(停止)、remember(记得)、forget(忘记)不符合,故选A。
29题:考查名词辨析。句意:他设计了许多火箭和导弹。rocket(火箭)对应前文的火箭设计;plane(飞机)、ship(轮船)、car(汽车)不符合,故选B。
30题:考查介词辨析。句意:他被任命为载人航天工程总设计师。be named as是固定搭配,意为“被任命为”;for(为了)、with(和)、to(到)均不搭配,故选B。
31题:考查名词辨析。句意:这个任务给他带来了很大压力。stress(压力)符合60岁承担重任的语境;fun(乐趣)、joy(快乐)、luck(运气)不符合,故选A。
32题:考查名词辨析。句意:实现国家航天梦是他的责任。duty(责任、使命)符合家国重任的语境;hobby(爱好)、habit(习惯)、interest(兴趣)不符合,故选D。
33题:考查副词辨析。句意:中国成功完成首次载人航天飞行。successfully(成功地)符合语境;carefully(仔细地)、slowly(慢慢地)、quickly(快速地)不符合,故选B。
34题:考查动词辨析。句意:他获得了国家最高科学技术奖。receive(获得)符合获奖的语境;refuse(拒绝)、keep(保持)、bring(带来)不符合,故选C。
35题:考查名词辨析。句意:他见证了第二次载人航天飞行的成功。success(成功)符合语境;failure(失败)、problem(问题)、difficulty(困难)不符合,故选B。
【答案】
21.C 22.A 23.D 24.A 25.B 26.C 27.D 28.A 29.B 30.B 31.A 32.D 33.B 34.C 35.B
【知识点】
完形填空词汇辨析、语境理解、逻辑连词运用
【点评】
本文是介绍火箭科学家王永志的记叙文,围绕其生平与航天贡献展开,既考查词汇辨析能力,也要求结合上下文语境和逻辑关系解题,整体难度适中,能帮助学生提升完形填空的解题技巧。
【难度系数】
0.6