四、短文填空。
阅读下面短文,从方框内选择正确的单词并用其适当形式填空,使短文内容完整,意思通顺。
program, run, coin, calm, rather, feel, start, teenager, proud, we
How do 1. usually pass their time after school? Hobbies play an important role in shaping our lives. Do you take up hobbies in your free time?
Reading books can not only increase our knowledge but also help us 2. down after a long day of study. Physical hobbies, like 3. or playing basketball, keep us healthy and energetic(充满活力的). And creative hobbies, such as painting or making handicrafts, allow 4. to express our feelings.
Tom, a teenage boy from the UK, is really into programming. He 5. learning it when he was nine. He once read about famous 6. and was encouraged by their achievements. Now, he has developed a small app that helps students with their maths homework. "It gives me a strong 7. of achievement when I see others using my app," Tom said 8. .
Lucas doesn't collect 9. or stamps. Instead, he collects traditional fans. He thinks it's 10. interesting and a great way to learn about culture. Lucas expects to show his collections to more people in the future.
Everyone's hobby is a small world of its own, full of joy and surprises. What's your hobby? And how does it colour your life?

1. teenagers 2. calm 3. running 4. us 5. started 6. programmers 7. feeling 8. proudly 9. coins 10. rather

【分析】本题为短文填空，要求从方框内选单词并用适当形式填空。解题思路：先通读短文把握主旨，再分析每个空格的句子成分（所需词性）、语境，结合语法规则（时态、人称、词性转换等）匹配方框内单词并调整形式，确保符合文意和语法。
【解析】1. 空格处作主语，指“青少年”，方框内teenager需用复数形式teenagers；2. 固定搭配calm down意为“平静下来”，用原形calm；3. 与playing basketball并列，需用动名词，run变为running；4. allow是动词，后接人称代词宾格，we变为us；5. 时间状语when he was nine表过去，start用过去式started；6. famous后接名词，program意为“程序”，此处指“程序员”，用复数programmers；7. a strong后接名词，feel变为feeling；8. 修饰动词said需用副词，proud变为proudly；9. collect后接可数名词复数，coin变为coins；10. 修饰形容词interesting需用副词，rather符合语境。
【答案】1. teenagers 2. calm 3. running 4. us 5. started 6. programmers 7. feeling 8. proudly 9. coins 10. rather
【知识点】词汇适当形式填空、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查学生在语境中运用词汇的能力，涵盖名词单复数、动词时态、词性转换、固定搭配等知识点，题型常规，难度适中，适合初中学生巩固词汇运用。
【难度系数】0.6

五、阅读还原。（选项中有一项多余）
主题:人与自我——生活与学习·兴趣爱好
体裁:议论文 难易度:☆☆☆
Why do you need hobbies? Some studies have found that people are much happier when they take part in a relaxing activity. 1. Scientists also think they might be good for your brain.
How do you choose the right hobby? Start with what you enjoyed in the past. Did you once play football? 2. If you find it isn't for you now, stop and turn to something new. Maybe joining a class or team will give you a chance to meet other people.
Which relaxing activities are good for physical health? It's clear that exercise is going to be good for your body, such as walking. 3. The results from 94 studies found that dancing three times a week could help older people to be healthier. Getting out in nature is helpful, whether you're hiking or doing something less active.
Which hobbies keep your mind active? 4. Playing the piano or listening to your favourite band can help you make it. Studies have found reading is also good for your brain.
5. So let's take up great hobbies.

1.F 2.B 3.A 4.E 5.D

【分析】
这是一道阅读还原题，需结合上下文的逻辑关系（如承接、对应、总结等）解题。先通读全文把握主题为“兴趣爱好的重要性及选择方法”，再逐一分析空缺处前后内容，匹配对应选项：
1. 第1空：前句提到“研究发现参加放松活动更快乐”，后句说“科学家认为对大脑好”，需填承接研究结论的句子；
2. 第2空：前句询问是否曾喜欢某活动，后句说“不适合就换”，需填选择爱好的建议；
3. 第3空：前句问“对身体好的活动”，后句举例跳舞的益处，需填身体锻炼相关内容；
4. 第4空：前句问“让大脑活跃的爱好”，后句提到乐器、阅读，需填对应大脑活跃的爱好选项；
5. 第5空：是全文总结句，需填总结爱好作用的句子。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文讲研究发现放松活动让人快乐，后文讲对大脑有益，F选项“其他研究显示爱好能让你自我感觉良好”承接研究结论，故1选F；
2. 第2空：前文询问是否曾喜欢某活动，后文说不适合就换，B选项“重新开始或者尝试别的”符合选择爱好的建议，故2选B；
3. 第3空：前文问对身体好的活动，后文举例跳舞的益处，A选项“跳舞是很棒的锻炼”衔接身体锻炼话题，故3选A；
4. 第4空：前文问让大脑活跃的爱好，后文提到乐器、阅读，E选项“学乐器和阅读是最好的选择”对应大脑活跃的需求，故4选E；
5. 第5空：前文阐述了爱好的多种好处，D选项“爱好让你忘记烦恼，玩得开心”是总结性内容，故5选D。
【答案】
1.F 2.B 3.A 4.E 5.D
【知识点】
阅读还原解题技巧、语篇衔接与连贯
【点评】
本题围绕兴趣爱好主题，考查学生对语篇逻辑的理解能力，需结合上下文的承接、对应关系选答案，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5