Passage 15
The first chocolate was eaten by people in South America hundreds of years ago. In those
days, people did not really eat chocolate. They used beans to make a chocolate drink and they
enjoyed it very much, but it was (1) (know) to people in the other parts of
the world. Many years later, the cocoa (2) (bring) to other countries and
people fell in love with the taste of chocolate.
In 1824, John Cadbury opened a small shop in Britain. One of the things (3)
was thought highly of was the chocolate drink. In 1831, he opened a factory (4)
(make) the chocolate drink. He wanted to encourage people to drink chocolate instead of other
drinks. A few years later, a man called Joseph Fry (5) (success) in making
chocolate bars, and for the first time, people had the chance to eat chocolate instead of only
drinking it. Chocolate, (6) , was very expensive and only rich people had
enough money to buy it at that time. Later, as more and more chocolate bars were produced and
sold, it became a little (7) (cheap).
Milk chocolate came later and this was made by adding milk (8) the
chocolate. The first milk chocolate bar was made in Cadbury's factory in 1897. It was
(9) (popular) chocolate in Britain and around the world for over 100 years.
The Cadbury company is still in Britain and the chocolate produced there is eaten all over the
world. Every year, thousands of (10) (tour) visit the factory in order to see
the production of chocolate.

1. unknown 2. was brought 3. that 4. to make 5. succeeded 6. however 7. cheaper
8. to/into 9. the most popular 10. tourists

【分析】
这是一篇介绍巧克力发展历史的记叙文类语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，把握整体叙事时态以一般过去时为主，再逐空结合上下文语义、句子结构和提示词判断考点：首先区分空格是需要对提示词进行词性/形式变形，还是补充无提示的虚词，再对应语法规则推导答案，同时注意固定搭配、语篇逻辑转折等细节，就能顺理成章完成所有填空。
【解析】
1. 第1空：句意为“但世界其他地区的人当时并不了解它”，固定搭配be unknown to sb表示“不为某人所知”，将提示词know变为形容词unknown。
2. 第2空：主语the cocoa和动词bring是被动关系，叙事发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，cocoa为不可数名词，be动词用was，因此填was brought。
3. 第3空：先行词是指物的things，定语从句缺少主语，且先行词被one of修饰，只能用关系代词that引导该定语从句。
4. 第4空：此处用不定式作目的状语，表达“开办工厂的目的是生产巧克力饮料”，因此填to make。
5. 第5空：此处需要句子的谓语动词，时态为一般过去时，固定搭配succeed in doing sth表示“成功做某事”，将名词success变为动词过去式succeeded。
6. 第6空：前文提到人们终于可以食用巧克力，后文表示当时巧克力价格昂贵只有富人能买，是转折逻辑，且空格前后都有逗号隔开，用副词however表转折。
7. 第7空：a little常用来修饰形容词比较级，表示程度“更……一点”，此处表示随着产量提升巧克力变得更便宜，cheap的比较级为cheaper。
8. 第8空：固定搭配add sth to/into sth表示“把某物加入某物中”，因此填to/into。
9. 第9空：限定范围是全英国乃至全世界，描述长达百年的属性，要用形容词最高级，表示“最受欢迎的巧克力”，popular的最高级形式为the most popular。
10. 第10空：thousands of后接可数名词复数，此处表示成千上万的游客，将提示词tour变为表示游客的名词复数tourists。
【答案】
1. unknown 2. was brought 3. that 4. to make 5. succeeded 6. however 7. cheaper 8. to/into 9. the most popular 10. tourists
【知识点】
1. 动词时态语态
2. 定语从句关系词
3. 形容词比较级最高级
【点评】
本题围绕巧克力的发展脉络设题，考点覆盖词形转换、非谓语动词、固定搭配、语篇逻辑连词等高中英语核心基础考点，既考察学生对基础语法规则的掌握熟练度，也要求学生结合上下文语义推导答案，整体贴合基础语法填空的考察方向，适合巩固核心语法知识点。
【难度系数】
0.65

Passage 16
When I look at this picture of myself, I realize how fast time flies. About one month after this
picture (1) (take), I became a primary school student. When I was young,
different kinds of ball games were what I regularly practised (2) (spend) my
free time. (3) this picture there are some balls around me, which were very
important in my life at that time. It brings back many happy memories of my childhood
(4) will never be forgotten. They have a lasting value.
Since I was a kid, I (5) (consider) different jobs I would like to do.
First, I wanted to be a fireman because the uniform looked so cool. Then, when I was in the sixth
grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I wanted to help the (6) (care)
students who made many mistakes. When I entered middle school, my dream changed again. It
was to open a restaurant that offered the customers much (7) (taste) food
instead. I wished to have a chain of restaurants in many different cities. (8) I
succeeded in managing one, I would open more. Now I hope to be a surgeon. "That's a wise
(9) (decide). More patients can get good treatment from experienced
surgeons. You must stick to it," my parents say to me. By thinking and trying, you will
(10) (sure) find your future.

1. was taken 2. to spend 3. In 4. that/which 5. have considered/have been considering
6. careless 7. tastier 8. If 9. decision 10. surely

【分析】
这是一篇记叙文类语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章围绕旧照片回忆童年经历、成长过程中的理想变化展开，整体主时态为一般过去时搭配现在完成相关时态。接下来逐个分析空格：第一步先判断空格所需的词性，结合前后文的逻辑关系、语法规则，同时考虑动词的时态语态、非谓语用法、介词搭配、从句引导词、词性转换等考点，逐一推导得出正确形式，最后代入全文通读验证逻辑通顺、语法无误。
【解析】
1. 此处主语this picture和动词take（拍摄）是被动关系，照片是过去被拍摄的，描述过去发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was taken。
2. 此处表达“我定期练习各类球类运动”的目的是消磨空闲时间，用不定式作目的状语，故填to spend。
3. 表示“在这张照片里”是固定搭配in the picture，句首单词首字母需大写，故填In。
4. 此处为定语从句，先行词是memories（指物），从句缺少主语，可用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。
5. 句首有Since引导的过去时间状语，主句需用现在完成时，表达从孩童时期到现在我已经考虑过不同想做的工作；也可用现在完成进行时，表示这个考虑的动作从过去持续到现在还在进行，故填have considered/have been considering。
6. 后文提到“犯很多错误的学生”，对应是粗心的学生，将care变为否定含义的形容词careless，修饰名词students，故填careless。
7. 空格前的much常用来修饰形容词比较级，此处表达“美味得多的食物”，将taste变为形容词tasty的比较级tastier，故填tastier。
8. 此处是条件状语从句，逻辑为“如果我成功经营一家餐厅，我就会开更多家”，引导条件状语从句用if，句首首字母大写，故填If。
9. 空格前有不定冠词a和形容词wise，后面需要接名词，将动词decide变为名词decision，故填decision。
10. 此处修饰动词find，需要用副词作状语，将形容词sure变为副词surely，故填surely。
【答案】
1. was taken 2. to spend 3. In 4. that/which 5. have considered/have been considering
6. careless 7. tastier 8. If 9. decision 10. surely
【知识点】
动词时态语态，非谓语动词，定语从句
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的语法填空，考点覆盖了中学英语核心的词法、句法高频考点，既考查固定搭配的积累，也要求学生结合上下文语境判断逻辑关系，区分各类从句引导词、动词的不同变形形式，能够有效检验学生的基础语法掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.7