五、外刊视野 任务型阅读(每小题2分,共10分)
3-D printing is a relatively new way to make solid objects. But how does it work?
All 3-D printing starts with computer design. Makers use special software(软件) to create a digital model. The computer program takes the maker's design and puts it into a language the 3-D printer understands. Then, the computer sends the instructions to the 3-D printer.
3-D printers build objects by pushing out thin layers of material that layer up. It's a bit like toothpaste coming out of a tube. The
layers can be plastic, metal and glass. 3-D printers in a library or school usually use thin plastic thread(线). It comes in every colour you can imagine!
The design might not be right. Sometimes the printer makes a mistake and pushes out layers in a messy pile called "noodles". When this happens, the maker has to check the design and the printer and try again.
Some scientists hope that one day they'll be able to 3-D print organs to replace damaged ones. What do you think? (素材选自Ask)
根据短文内容,回答问题。
1. What is the first step of all 3-D printing?

2. How do 3-D printers build objects?

3. What material do 3-D printers in a library or school usually use?

4. Why do makers have to check the design and the printer?

5. What do you think of 3-D printing? Why?

1. It is computer design. 2. By pushing out thin layers of material that layer up. 3. They usually use thin plastic thread. 4. Because the design may not be right and the printer may make mistakes. 5. I think it's useful. Because we can 3-D print reusable plastic parts for broken toys.(答案不唯一)

【分析】
本题为任务型阅读，解题思路为：先通读短文把握大意，再针对每个问题，定位问题关键词到原文对应段落，提取关键信息形成答案；第5题为开放性问题，结合短文提到的3D打印的用途给出合理观点即可。
【解析】
1. 定位短文第二段第一句“All 3-D printing starts with computer design.”，可知3D打印的第一步是计算机设计。
2. 定位短文第三段第一句“3-D printers build objects by pushing out thin layers of material that layer up.”，可知3D打印机构建物体的方式。
3. 定位短文第三段“3-D printers in a library or school usually use thin plastic thread.”，可知学校或图书馆的3D打印机常用材料。
4. 定位短文第四段“The design might not be right. Sometimes the printer makes a mistake...”，可知需要检查设计和打印机的原因。
5. 结合短文提到的3D打印的用途（如打印器官、塑料零件），给出合理观点即可。
【答案】
1. It is computer design.
2. By pushing out thin layers of material that layer up.
3. They usually use thin plastic thread.
4. Because the design may not be right and the printer may make mistakes.
5. I think it's useful. Because we can 3-D print reusable plastic parts for broken toys.(答案不唯一)
【知识点】
任务型阅读、信息提取
【点评】
本题为基础的任务型阅读，主要考查学生从短文中提取关键信息的能力，第5题具有一定开放性，整体难度较低，符合初中英语阅读的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.8

六、书面表达(共20分)
大熊猫受到来自世界各地人们的喜爱，由于可爱的外形和珍稀程度，大熊猫长期以来被视为中国的国宝。你对大熊猫的了解有多少呢？请你写一篇90词左右的英语短文来介绍大熊猫。
Pandas are loved by people from all over the world. Because of their lovely appearance and rarity, pandas are known as China's national treasure.

One possible version:
Pandas are loved by people from all over the world. Because of their lovely appearance and rarity, pandas are known as China's national treasure. They have round heads and short tails, with the weight of 80～120 kilograms. Pandas have black and white fur with big dark circles under their eyes.
They like living in some cool places, mainly in Sichuan and Shaanxi. Pandas are good at climbing trees and they like to play with each other. Pandas' favourite food is bamboo leaves and shoots.
Many countries, such as France, the United States, Russia and so on, have borrowed pandas from China, which has promoted the friendly relations between China and foreign countries. Pandas are seen as a symbol of China. We hope that they can live in harmony with people.

【分析】本题要求围绕大熊猫写一篇90词左右的英语短文，已给出开头，需从外形、生活习性、分布、国际意义等方面补充内容，遵循介绍类说明文的逻辑，确保语言准确流畅、符合词数要求。
【解析】写作时，先承接开头描述大熊猫的外形特征（如体重、皮毛、眼部特征）；接着介绍其生活环境、擅长的技能及喜爱的食物；最后说明大熊猫作为中国友好象征的国际意义，使内容完整连贯，满足题目的写作要求。
【答案】One possible version:
Pandas are loved by people from all over the world. Because of their lovely appearance and rarity, pandas are known as China's national treasure. They have round heads and short tails, with the weight of 80～120 kilograms. Pandas have black and white fur with big dark circles under their eyes.
They like living in some cool places, mainly in Sichuan and Shaanxi. Pandas are good at climbing trees and they like to play with each other. Pandas' favourite food is bamboo leaves and shoots.
Many countries, such as France, the United States, Russia and so on, have borrowed pandas from China, which has promoted the friendly relations between China and foreign countries. Pandas are seen as a symbol of China. We hope that they can live in harmony with people.
【知识点】英语书面表达、介绍类说明文写作
【点评】本题结合热点话题国宝大熊猫，考查学生的信息整合与英语表达能力，贴近学生生活，易于发挥。
【难度系数】0.7