Ⅶ.选词填空
从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空，每个单词或短语限用一次。
call; continue; control; study; storm; healthy; achieve; quick; to one's joy; be known as
(2024·德州中考改编)Lyu Linyou is a scientist who helps protect the environment in Zhangwu County.
Zhangwu County sits on the edge of the Horqin sandy land. Sand and dust storm were a big problem in the past. At one point, 95% of the county was covered in desert land.
In 2004, Lyu Linyou graduated from college and he was only 24 years old then. The place he started working was called the Provincial Institute(研究院) of Sandy Land Use. He has worked there for 20 years up to 2024. Nowadays, the institute is known as the Sand Control and Usage Research Institute of the Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
When Lyu Linyou first came to the county, he didn't know much about how to control sand. But with the help of his colleagues(同事) and local farmers, he quickly learned how to do it.
In order to find the best grass and herbs(草药) for helping the grasslands in Zhangwu County grow back, Lyu has studied more than 400 different plants till now. He tested them and found more than 50 plants that work really well. To his joy, his work shows how science helps protect the earth and make life better for ever. Because of his hard work, the grasslands in the area are getting healthier day by day.
"Though I have made great progress, I will continue to work hard nonstop to make sure that the environment becomes better and better," he said about his achievements. "And I am certain that this will also create new jobs for the people in this area in the future."
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了科学家吕林有在彰武县保护环境的故事。
1. storms 2. was called 3. is known as 4. to control
5. quickly 6. has studied 7. To our joy 8. healthier
9. will continue 10. achievements

【分析】
本题为选词填空题，解题思路如下：①先明确方框内单词/短语的含义与用法：call（称呼，被称为）、continue（继续）、control（控制）、study（学习，研究）、storm（风暴）、healthy（健康的）、achieve（实现，取得）、quick（快的）、to one's joy（令某人高兴的是）、be known as（被称为）；②通读全文，把握文章讲述科学家吕林有治沙经历的主线，理解语境；③结合每个空格的语法要求（词性、时态、单复数等），选择合适的词并调整形式，注意每个词/短语限用一次。
【解析】
1. 空格处需与Sand and dust构成主语，谓语为复数形式were，故用可数名词storm的复数形式storms，构成“沙尘暴”，符合语境。
2. 空格所在句为一般过去时的被动语态，主语The place与call为被动关系，故用was called，意为“被称为”。
3. 空格所在句为一般现在时，主语the institute为单数，be known as表示“被称为”，故用is known as。
4. 空格处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，how后接不定式作宾语，故用control的不定式形式to control，意为“如何控制沙子”。
5. 空格处修饰动词learned，需用副词，quick的副词形式为quickly，意为“快速地学会”。
6. 空格处有时间状语till now，需用现在完成时，主语为He，故用has studied，意为“已经研究了”。
7. 此处为固定短语To our joy，意为“令我们高兴的是”，符合语境。
8. 空格前为系动词getting，需用形容词作表语，结合语境用healthy的比较级healthier，意为“变得更健康”。
9. 直接引语中表示将来的动作，需用一般将来时，故用will continue，意为“将继续努力”。
10. 空格前为形容词性物主代词his，需用名词，achieve的名词形式为achievement，此处表泛指，用复数achievements，意为“成就”。
【答案】
1. storms 2. was called 3. is known as 4. to control 5. quickly 6. has studied 7. To our joy 8. healthier 9. will continue 10. achievements
【知识点】
词汇运用；动词时态；固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为中考改编的选词填空题，围绕科学家治沙的故事展开，考查学生对词汇的词义、词性变化、时态及固定短语的掌握，难度适中，能有效检测学生的语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅷ. 任务型阅读
阅读并根据下面的短文,在表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
Do you find it hard to say no whenever someone comes to you for help? Do you feel guilty when you have to tell people that you can't help them? And do you often say "yes" while your true answer is "no"? If you answered yes, you may be a "people-pleaser".
Being friendly and helpful is a good thing. It helps you build lasting friendships. However, going too far—trying to please others even at the cost of your own happiness—can leave you feeling stressed. Luckily, there are some steps that you can take to stop being a people-pleaser.
To start with, it's important to create "boundaries" in your life. Be clear about what you really like to do. You can also tell others that they can only come to you during a certain period of time.
When someone asks you for help, tell him or her that you need some time to think about it. Use this time to ask yourself: Do you really want to do this? How much time will it take? By giving yourself a few minutes, you'll be better able to decide finally.
Some people always try to please others because they have little confidence in themselves. They place a low value on their own happiness. In this case, try positive self-talk. Remind yourself that you have dreams too. You don't have to give away your time and energy to do things that don't bring you joy.
Making a sudden and big change can be hard, but you can break a huge task up into pieces. You may, for example, text to say no. Then, go straight to the person and say no. Practise this in less difficult situations first, such as talking to a salesperson or ordering at a restaurant. Then try refusing your friends or relatives.
Stopping being a people-pleaser doesn't mean you have to give up being kind and helpful. You can still do good things—but don't take away your own happiness.
| People-pleasers |
| --- |
| Definition | People who try to please others even at the cost of their own happiness.
They find it hard to $\underline{1}$ others' request, feel ashamed and bad because of doing $\underline{2}$ helpful, and agree with others even though they think $\underline{3}$. |
| Risk | People-pleasers may end up putting a lot of pressure on $\underline{4}$. |
| $\underline{5}$ on stopping being a people-pleaser |
| Set limits in your life. | a. Know your likes and dislikes.
b. Tell others you are only $\underline{6}$ for a certain period of time. |
| Take time to think. | Spare some time to think before replying to others and making the final $\underline{7}$. |
| $\underline{8}$ confidence. | a. Try positive self-talk.
b. It's unnecessary to $\underline{9}$ time and energy doing something which you don't like. |
| Start by taking small $\underline{10}$. | a. From texting to say no to refusing others in person.
b. From strangers to people you know. |
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9.
10.
题中题 034

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文,主要介绍了什么是讨好型人格,以及讨好型人格的风险,并介绍了如何做才能让自己不再成为讨好型人格的人。
1. refuse 2. nothing 3. differently 4. themselves
5. Suggestions/Advice 6. available 7. decision
8. Develop/Improve 9. waste 10. steps

【分析】
本题为任务型阅读，需根据短文内容填写表格空格处的单词。解题思路是：先通读短文理解主旨，再针对每个空格所在的句子，定位到短文对应段落，结合语境、词性及固定搭配，提取或转换出匹配的单词。
【解析】
1. 定位第一段“Do you find it hard to say no whenever someone comes to you for help?”，say no对应“拒绝”，故填refuse；
2. 定位第一段“feel guilty when you have to tell people that you can't help them”，can't help即“没帮忙”，故填nothing；
3. 定位第一段“often say 'yes' while your true answer is 'no'”，即想法与言行不同，故填differently；
4. 定位第二段“can leave you feeling stressed”，主语you对应反身代词themselves；
5. 表格此处为停止讨好型人格的内容，对应短文“there are some steps that you can take”，故填Suggestions/Advice；
6. 定位第三段“they can only come to you during a certain period of time”，即那段时间你“有空”，故填available；
7. 定位第四段“you'll be better able to decide finally”，decide转换为名词decision；
8. 对应第五段“have little confidence in themselves”，需“建立/提高”自信，故填Develop/Improve；
9. 定位第五段“don't have to give away your time and energy”，give away对应waste（浪费）；
10. 定位第六段“break a huge task up into pieces”，pieces对应steps（步骤）。
【答案】
1. refuse 2. nothing 3. differently 4. themselves 5. Suggestions/Advice 6. available 7. decision 8. Develop/Improve 9. waste 10. steps
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解、词义匹配
【点评】
本题考查任务型阅读的信息提取与转换能力，需学生快速定位原文，结合语境推导单词，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.5