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B 热考内容 名著选读 KEY→P6
范畴:人与社会 主题:文学作品 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/4
Children were playing games and they played different roles. Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but happiness in his heart. And while the "late ship Big Missouri" worked in the sun, the "retired artist" sat on a stone in the shade close by, shook his legs, ate his apple, and tried to fool the children. There were many such children; boys happened along every little while; they came to laugh, but remained to whitewash(粉刷) fences.
By the time Ben was tired out, Tom had traded the next chance with Billy Fisher for a kite. When he played out, Johnny Miller bought the chance with a dead rat and a line to swing it with—and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, from being a poor boy in the morning, Tom quickly became a rich boy. Besides the things mentioned before, he had twelve marbles(玻璃弹子), part of a Jew's harp, a piece of blue bottle glass to look through, a spool cannon, a key that wouldn't unlock anything, a box of chalk, a tin soldier, a couple of tadpoles, six firecrackers, a kitten with only one eye, a brass doorknob, a dog collar—but no dog, the handle of a knife, four pieces of orange peel, and an old window sash.
He had had a nice, good, free time all the while with a lot of friends, and the fence had been painted three times! If he hadn't run out of whitewash, he would have had everything that every boy in the village had.
Tom said to himself that it was not such an empty world. He had discovered a great law of the human action, without knowing it—namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get. If he had been a great and wise philosopher, like the writer of this book, he would now have understood that "work" means whatever a body has to do, and that "play" means whatever a body doesn't have to do. And this would help him to understand why constructing artificial flowers or performing on a treadmill is work, while playing soccer or climbing Mont Blanc is only amusement.
There are rich gentlemen in England who drive four-horse passenger coaches twenty or thirty miles on a daily line in summer, because it costs them a lot of money; but if they were offered money for the service, that would turn it into work and then they would resign.
英语嗨吧
The boy thought for a while over the change which had taken place around him, and then went to headquarters to report.
——文章节选自《汤姆·索亚历险记》(The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)
(
A. He drew a beautiful ship.
B. He worked for the children.
C. He tried to fool the children.
D. He exchanged things with the children.
(
A. By painting the fence.
B. By trading with the children.
C. By working for the artist.
D. By selling some paintings.
(
A. Tom was a great and wise philosopher.
B. Work means whatever a body doesn't have to do.
C. Climbing Mont Blanc is only work.
D. Tom had discovered a great law of the human action.
(
A. Tom.
B. Ben.
C. Billy Fisher.
D. Johnny Miller.
范畴:人与社会 主题:文学作品 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/4
Children were playing games and they played different roles. Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but happiness in his heart. And while the "late ship Big Missouri" worked in the sun, the "retired artist" sat on a stone in the shade close by, shook his legs, ate his apple, and tried to fool the children. There were many such children; boys happened along every little while; they came to laugh, but remained to whitewash(粉刷) fences.
By the time Ben was tired out, Tom had traded the next chance with Billy Fisher for a kite. When he played out, Johnny Miller bought the chance with a dead rat and a line to swing it with—and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, from being a poor boy in the morning, Tom quickly became a rich boy. Besides the things mentioned before, he had twelve marbles(玻璃弹子), part of a Jew's harp, a piece of blue bottle glass to look through, a spool cannon, a key that wouldn't unlock anything, a box of chalk, a tin soldier, a couple of tadpoles, six firecrackers, a kitten with only one eye, a brass doorknob, a dog collar—but no dog, the handle of a knife, four pieces of orange peel, and an old window sash.
He had had a nice, good, free time all the while with a lot of friends, and the fence had been painted three times! If he hadn't run out of whitewash, he would have had everything that every boy in the village had.
Tom said to himself that it was not such an empty world. He had discovered a great law of the human action, without knowing it—namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get. If he had been a great and wise philosopher, like the writer of this book, he would now have understood that "work" means whatever a body has to do, and that "play" means whatever a body doesn't have to do. And this would help him to understand why constructing artificial flowers or performing on a treadmill is work, while playing soccer or climbing Mont Blanc is only amusement.
There are rich gentlemen in England who drive four-horse passenger coaches twenty or thirty miles on a daily line in summer, because it costs them a lot of money; but if they were offered money for the service, that would turn it into work and then they would resign.
英语嗨吧
The boy thought for a while over the change which had taken place around him, and then went to headquarters to report.
——文章节选自《汤姆·索亚历险记》(The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)
(
C
)1. What did the "retired artist" do in the shade?A. He drew a beautiful ship.
B. He worked for the children.
C. He tried to fool the children.
D. He exchanged things with the children.
(
B
)2. How did Tom become a rich child?A. By painting the fence.
B. By trading with the children.
C. By working for the artist.
D. By selling some paintings.
(
D
)3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A. Tom was a great and wise philosopher.
B. Work means whatever a body doesn't have to do.
C. Climbing Mont Blanc is only work.
D. Tom had discovered a great law of the human action.
(
A
)4. Who finally went to headquarters to report?A. Tom.
B. Ben.
C. Billy Fisher.
D. Johnny Miller.
答案
1. C 细节理解题。由第一段中“the ‘retired artist’ sat on a stone in the shade close by, shook his legs, ate his apple, and tried to fool the children”可知答案。
2. B 推理判断题。第二段叙述汤姆与其他孩子交易的经历,且由 Tom had traded the next chance with Billy Fisher for a kite 可知,汤姆通过与孩子们交易变得富有。
3. D 细节理解题。由第四段中 He had discovered a great law of the human action 可知,汤姆发现了人类行为的一大规律。
4. A 推理判断题。本文主要讲述了汤姆忽悠别的孩子替他粉刷篱笆的故事,由此可知,最后一段中的 The boy 指汤姆。
2. B 推理判断题。第二段叙述汤姆与其他孩子交易的经历,且由 Tom had traded the next chance with Billy Fisher for a kite 可知,汤姆通过与孩子们交易变得富有。
3. D 细节理解题。由第四段中 He had discovered a great law of the human action 可知,汤姆发现了人类行为的一大规律。
4. A 推理判断题。本文主要讲述了汤姆忽悠别的孩子替他粉刷篱笆的故事,由此可知,最后一段中的 The boy 指汤姆。
解析
【分析】
本题是《汤姆·索亚历险记》的名著节选阅读理解题，考查细节理解与推理判断能力。解题思路：先通读全文把握文章大意（汤姆通过巧妙方式让其他孩子替他粉刷篱笆，还交换到很多物品）；再针对每个题目，回到原文定位对应语句，对比选项找出匹配答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：细节理解题。定位到第一段中“the ‘retired artist’ sat on a stone in the shade close by, shook his legs, ate his apple, and tried to fool the children”，可知“退休艺术家”在阴凉处试图愚弄孩子们，故选C。
2. 第2题：推理判断题。第二段叙述汤姆先后和比利·费舍尔等孩子交换物品，从穷孩子变成拥有很多东西的“富孩子”，可知他通过和孩子们交易变得富有，故选B。
3. 第3题：细节理解题。第四段明确提到“He had discovered a great law of the human action”，即汤姆发现了人类行为的一大规律，故选D。
4. 第4题：推理判断题。文章围绕汤姆的行为展开，最后一段的“The boy”指代汤姆，是汤姆去总部报告，故选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题结合名著《汤姆·索亚历险记》节选内容，既考查学生英语阅读的细节定位与逻辑推理能力，又渗透名著阅读的积累，题型常规，难度适中，适合学生巩固阅读解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是《汤姆·索亚历险记》的名著节选阅读理解题，考查细节理解与推理判断能力。解题思路：先通读全文把握文章大意（汤姆通过巧妙方式让其他孩子替他粉刷篱笆，还交换到很多物品）；再针对每个题目，回到原文定位对应语句，对比选项找出匹配答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：细节理解题。定位到第一段中“the ‘retired artist’ sat on a stone in the shade close by, shook his legs, ate his apple, and tried to fool the children”，可知“退休艺术家”在阴凉处试图愚弄孩子们，故选C。
2. 第2题：推理判断题。第二段叙述汤姆先后和比利·费舍尔等孩子交换物品，从穷孩子变成拥有很多东西的“富孩子”，可知他通过和孩子们交易变得富有，故选B。
3. 第3题：细节理解题。第四段明确提到“He had discovered a great law of the human action”，即汤姆发现了人类行为的一大规律，故选D。
4. 第4题：推理判断题。文章围绕汤姆的行为展开，最后一段的“The boy”指代汤姆，是汤姆去总部报告，故选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本题结合名著《汤姆·索亚历险记》节选内容，既考查学生英语阅读的细节定位与逻辑推理能力，又渗透名著阅读的积累，题型常规，难度适中，适合学生巩固阅读解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.6
