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八、[2026 宿迁期末]阅读理解。
主题群:灾害防范
子主题:自我保护
语篇类型:说明文
词数:235
难度:★★★
① In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about what they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the accidents at school? Take a look.
② A stampede(踩踏) always happens in crowded places. When students around you begin to push forward, just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you fall down in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands.
③ When earthquakes happen, you can get under a desk quickly and hold on. It'll protect you from falling things. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
④ When there's a fire, leave the classroom quickly. It's better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won't breathe in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but the smoke. It makes them cough and they can't breathe. That's very dangerous! So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air.
⑤ Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. And next time, if something terrible happens, we are sure you can protect yourself successfully using the ways mentioned above.
1. are the main accidents at school mentioned in the passage.
A. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires
B. Stampedes, snowstorms and floods
C. Earthquakes, floods and snowstorms
D. Earthquakes, fires and car accidents
2. Which of the following sentences is not right about the fire accident?
A. When there's a fire, leave the classroom quickly.
B. Stand straight and run quickly out of the classroom.
C. Many people die in a fire because of the smoke.
D. Cover your mouth and nose with something wet.
3. 创新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following shows the structure of the text?
主题群:灾害防范
子主题:自我保护
语篇类型:说明文
词数:235
难度:★★★
① In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about what they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the accidents at school? Take a look.
② A stampede(踩踏) always happens in crowded places. When students around you begin to push forward, just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you fall down in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands.
③ When earthquakes happen, you can get under a desk quickly and hold on. It'll protect you from falling things. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
④ When there's a fire, leave the classroom quickly. It's better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won't breathe in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but the smoke. It makes them cough and they can't breathe. That's very dangerous! So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air.
⑤ Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. And next time, if something terrible happens, we are sure you can protect yourself successfully using the ways mentioned above.
1. are the main accidents at school mentioned in the passage.
A. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires
B. Stampedes, snowstorms and floods
C. Earthquakes, floods and snowstorms
D. Earthquakes, fires and car accidents
2. Which of the following sentences is not right about the fire accident?
A. When there's a fire, leave the classroom quickly.
B. Stand straight and run quickly out of the classroom.
C. Many people die in a fire because of the smoke.
D. Cover your mouth and nose with something wet.
3. 创新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following shows the structure of the text?
答案
1. A 细节理解题。根据 "Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school."可知，文中提到的主要校园事故是踩踏、地震和火灾。
2. B 细节理解题。根据“So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor.”可知，火灾逃生时应贴近地面，而非站直身体跑出。
3. D 篇章结构题。根据文章结构可知，第一段总起引出校园安全话题，第二、三、四段分别介绍不同事故的应对方法，第五段总结，为“总—分—总”结构。
2. B 细节理解题。根据“So when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor.”可知，火灾逃生时应贴近地面，而非站直身体跑出。
3. D 篇章结构题。根据文章结构可知，第一段总起引出校园安全话题，第二、三、四段分别介绍不同事故的应对方法，第五段总结，为“总—分—总”结构。
解析
【分析】
这道阅读理解题共3小问，解题思路如下：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，直接定位原文末尾的总结段落，就能直接找到文中提到的校园主要事故的对应内容，匹配选项即可。
2. 第2题是细节正误判断题，定位到火灾相关的第④段内容，将四个选项和原文描述逐一比对，就能找出不符合原文表述的错误选项。
3. 第3题是篇章结构题，先逐段梳理段落功能：第①段总起，点明校园安全教育的重要性，引出下文要介绍的各类校园事故；第②、③、④段分别独立介绍踩踏、地震、火灾三类事故的应对方法，属于分述内容；第⑤段总结全文，再次强调掌握自救方法的重要性，整体是“总-分-总”的结构，对应匹配给出的结构示意图即可选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第⑤段第一句"Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school."，可知文中提到的校园主要事故是踩踏、地震和火灾，对应选项A。
2. 逐一比对第④段关于火灾的描述：
选项A：原文明确提到"When there's a fire, leave the classroom quickly."，表述正确；
选项B：原文说明火灾逃生时要"make yourself close to the floor"，也就是贴近地面，而非站直身体快速跑出，该表述不符合原文要求，是错误项；
选项C：原文提到"Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but the smoke."，说明很多人死于火灾中的烟雾，表述正确；
选项D：原文提到"It's better to put something wet over your mouth and nose."，表述正确。
因此本题选B。
3. 梳理全文段落功能：
第①段：总起引入，点明安全教育重要性，引出下文话题；
第②、③、④段：分别介绍踩踏、地震、火灾三类事故的应对方法，是并列的分述部分；
第⑤段：总结全文，呼应开头的安全教育主题。
整体为“总-分-总”结构，对应选项D的示意图。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，语篇结构分析，校园安全常识
【点评】
本题贴合自我保护的安全教育主题，既考察学生英语阅读的信息查找、细节比对的基础能力，又通过篇章结构的创新考法，引导学生跳出逐句翻译的阅读惯性，从宏观层面梳理文章的逻辑框架，同时也能让学生掌握校园常见事故的自救方法，实现学科育人的效果。
【难度系数】
0.7
这道阅读理解题共3小问，解题思路如下：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，直接定位原文末尾的总结段落，就能直接找到文中提到的校园主要事故的对应内容，匹配选项即可。
2. 第2题是细节正误判断题，定位到火灾相关的第④段内容，将四个选项和原文描述逐一比对，就能找出不符合原文表述的错误选项。
3. 第3题是篇章结构题，先逐段梳理段落功能：第①段总起，点明校园安全教育的重要性，引出下文要介绍的各类校园事故；第②、③、④段分别独立介绍踩踏、地震、火灾三类事故的应对方法，属于分述内容；第⑤段总结全文，再次强调掌握自救方法的重要性，整体是“总-分-总”的结构，对应匹配给出的结构示意图即可选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第⑤段第一句"Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school."，可知文中提到的校园主要事故是踩踏、地震和火灾，对应选项A。
2. 逐一比对第④段关于火灾的描述：
选项A：原文明确提到"When there's a fire, leave the classroom quickly."，表述正确；
选项B：原文说明火灾逃生时要"make yourself close to the floor"，也就是贴近地面，而非站直身体快速跑出，该表述不符合原文要求，是错误项；
选项C：原文提到"Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but the smoke."，说明很多人死于火灾中的烟雾，表述正确；
选项D：原文提到"It's better to put something wet over your mouth and nose."，表述正确。
因此本题选B。
3. 梳理全文段落功能：
第①段：总起引入，点明安全教育重要性，引出下文话题；
第②、③、④段：分别介绍踩踏、地震、火灾三类事故的应对方法，是并列的分述部分；
第⑤段：总结全文，呼应开头的安全教育主题。
整体为“总-分-总”结构，对应选项D的示意图。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，语篇结构分析，校园安全常识
【点评】
本题贴合自我保护的安全教育主题，既考察学生英语阅读的信息查找、细节比对的基础能力，又通过篇章结构的创新考法，引导学生跳出逐句翻译的阅读惯性，从宏观层面梳理文章的逻辑框架，同时也能让学生掌握校园常见事故的自救方法，实现学科育人的效果。
【难度系数】
0.7
