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一、完形填空（真题·宁波市南三县）
阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Last Sunday, my family and I went to the park. It was a 1 day with a clear blue sky. We decided to have a picnic there. Early in the morning, my mother 2 some sandwiches and fruit in a basket. My little sister brought 3 favourite toy rabbit Fluffy, and my father took a big blanket for us to sit on.
When we arrived at the park around 10:00 a.m., the park was already full of 4. Some children flew kites, while others played games. We found a quiet spot under a huge oak tree near the lake. Suddenly, my sister 5 in excitement, “Look! There’s a cute dog over there! It is 6 a ball!”
We enjoyed our picnic 7, chatting and laughing together. After eating, my father told us a funny story, 8 we all laughed. Then, my sister and I wanted to fly a kite too. But unluckily, the 9 wasn’t strong enough, so our kite couldn’t fly high.
Before leaving, I carefully cleaned up all our trash with my parents. It’s important to keep the park 10 for everyone. That day, I learnt that even small things can make a real difference!
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阅读下面的短文，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Last Sunday, my family and I went to the park. It was a 1 day with a clear blue sky. We decided to have a picnic there. Early in the morning, my mother 2 some sandwiches and fruit in a basket. My little sister brought 3 favourite toy rabbit Fluffy, and my father took a big blanket for us to sit on.
When we arrived at the park around 10:00 a.m., the park was already full of 4. Some children flew kites, while others played games. We found a quiet spot under a huge oak tree near the lake. Suddenly, my sister 5 in excitement, “Look! There’s a cute dog over there! It is 6 a ball!”
We enjoyed our picnic 7, chatting and laughing together. After eating, my father told us a funny story, 8 we all laughed. Then, my sister and I wanted to fly a kite too. But unluckily, the 9 wasn’t strong enough, so our kite couldn’t fly high.
Before leaving, I carefully cleaned up all our trash with my parents. It’s important to keep the park 10 for everyone. That day, I learnt that even small things can make a real difference!
(
D
)1. A. rainy B. cloudy C. foggy D. sunny(
D
)2. A. cut B. built C. dropped D. prepared(
C
)3. A. my B. his C. her D. their(
B
)4. A. kites B. people C. trees D. dogs(
A
)5. A. shouted B. realised C. promised D. ordered(
A
)6. A. running after B. turning off C. laughing at D. thinking about(
C
)7. A. luckily B. loudly C. happily D. hopefully(
B
)8. A. but B. so C. because D. or(
B
)9. A. kite B. wind C. park D. tree(
A
)10. A. clean B. quiet C. empty D. big答案
1－5. DDCBA 6－10. ACBBA
【完形填空】
本文主要讲述了上周日作者和家人一起去公园野餐的经历。
第1题:考查形容词。句意:那是一个阳光明媚的日子。A.下雨的;B.多云的;C.多雾的;D.晴朗的。根据 with a clear blue sky(天空湛蓝)可知,天空湛蓝是阳光明媚的。故选 D。
第2题:考查动词。句意:一大早,我妈妈在篮子里准备了一些三明治和水果。A.切;B.建造;C.丢弃;D.准备。根据 We decided to have a picnic there(我们决定在那里野餐)可知,说的是去野餐,故我妈妈在篮子里准备了一些三明治和水果。故选 D。
第3题:考查形容词性物主代词。句意:我的小妹妹带来了她最喜欢的玩具兔毛绒绒,我爸爸拿了一条大毯子让我们坐。A.我的;B.他的;C.她的;D.他们的。根据 My little sister(我的小妹妹)可知,我的小妹妹带来了她最喜欢的玩具兔毛绒绒。故选 C。
第4题:考查名词。句意:当我们早上 10 点左右到达公园时,公园已经挤满了人。A.风筝;B.人;C.树;D.狗。根据 Some children flew kites, while others played games(一些孩子放风筝,而另一些孩子玩游戏)可知,说的是人,故公园已经挤满了人。故选 B。
第5题:考查动词。句意:突然,我妹妹兴奋地喊道:“看!那边有一只可爱的狗!它在追一个球!”A.大叫;B.意识到;C.承诺;D.命令。根据“Look! There's a cute dog over there! It is ... a ball”(“看!那边有一只可爱的狗!它在……一个球”)可知,我妹妹兴奋地喊道。故选 A。
第6题:考查动词短语。句意:突然,我妹妹兴奋地喊道:“看!那边有一只可爱的狗!它在追一个球!”A.追赶;B.关掉;C.嘲笑;D.思考。根据“Look! There's a cute dog over there! It is ... a ball”(“看!那边有一只可爱的狗!它在……一个球”)可知,狗在追一个球。故选 A。
第7题:考查副词。句意:我们愉快地享受着野餐,一起谈笑风生。A.幸运地;B.大声地;C.高兴地;D.充满希望地。根据 chatting and laughing together(一起谈笑风生)可知,我们愉快地享受着野餐。故选 C。
第8题:考查连词。句意:吃完饭后,我爸爸给我们讲了一个有趣的故事,所以我们都笑了。A.但是;B.所以;C.因为;D.或者。根据句意,可知用 so“所以”。故选 B。
第9题:考查名词。句意:但不幸的是,风不够大,所以我们的风筝飞不高。A.风筝;B.风;C.公园;D.树。根据 so our kite couldn't fly high(所以我们的风筝飞不高)可知,说的是我们的风筝飞不高,故风不够大。故选 B。
第10题:考查形容词。句意:对每个人来说,保持公园的清洁是很重要的。A.干净的;B.安静的;C.空的;D.大的。根据 Before leaving, I carefully cleaned up all our trash with my parents(离开前,我和父母一起仔细地清理了所有的垃圾)可知,说的是清理了所有的垃圾,故保持公园的清洁是很重要的。故选 A。
【完形填空】
本文主要讲述了上周日作者和家人一起去公园野餐的经历。
第1题:考查形容词。句意:那是一个阳光明媚的日子。A.下雨的;B.多云的;C.多雾的;D.晴朗的。根据 with a clear blue sky(天空湛蓝)可知,天空湛蓝是阳光明媚的。故选 D。
第2题:考查动词。句意:一大早,我妈妈在篮子里准备了一些三明治和水果。A.切;B.建造;C.丢弃;D.准备。根据 We decided to have a picnic there(我们决定在那里野餐)可知,说的是去野餐,故我妈妈在篮子里准备了一些三明治和水果。故选 D。
第3题:考查形容词性物主代词。句意:我的小妹妹带来了她最喜欢的玩具兔毛绒绒,我爸爸拿了一条大毯子让我们坐。A.我的;B.他的;C.她的;D.他们的。根据 My little sister(我的小妹妹)可知,我的小妹妹带来了她最喜欢的玩具兔毛绒绒。故选 C。
第4题:考查名词。句意:当我们早上 10 点左右到达公园时,公园已经挤满了人。A.风筝;B.人;C.树;D.狗。根据 Some children flew kites, while others played games(一些孩子放风筝,而另一些孩子玩游戏)可知,说的是人,故公园已经挤满了人。故选 B。
第5题:考查动词。句意:突然,我妹妹兴奋地喊道:“看!那边有一只可爱的狗!它在追一个球!”A.大叫;B.意识到;C.承诺;D.命令。根据“Look! There's a cute dog over there! It is ... a ball”(“看!那边有一只可爱的狗!它在……一个球”)可知,我妹妹兴奋地喊道。故选 A。
第6题:考查动词短语。句意:突然,我妹妹兴奋地喊道:“看!那边有一只可爱的狗!它在追一个球!”A.追赶;B.关掉;C.嘲笑;D.思考。根据“Look! There's a cute dog over there! It is ... a ball”(“看!那边有一只可爱的狗!它在……一个球”)可知,狗在追一个球。故选 A。
第7题:考查副词。句意:我们愉快地享受着野餐,一起谈笑风生。A.幸运地;B.大声地;C.高兴地;D.充满希望地。根据 chatting and laughing together(一起谈笑风生)可知,我们愉快地享受着野餐。故选 C。
第8题:考查连词。句意:吃完饭后,我爸爸给我们讲了一个有趣的故事,所以我们都笑了。A.但是;B.所以;C.因为;D.或者。根据句意,可知用 so“所以”。故选 B。
第9题:考查名词。句意:但不幸的是,风不够大,所以我们的风筝飞不高。A.风筝;B.风;C.公园;D.树。根据 so our kite couldn't fly high(所以我们的风筝飞不高)可知,说的是我们的风筝飞不高,故风不够大。故选 B。
第10题:考查形容词。句意:对每个人来说,保持公园的清洁是很重要的。A.干净的;B.安静的;C.空的;D.大的。根据 Before leaving, I carefully cleaned up all our trash with my parents(离开前,我和父母一起仔细地清理了所有的垃圾)可知,说的是清理了所有的垃圾,故保持公园的清洁是很重要的。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
做完形填空时，首先需通读全文，明确文章主旨（本文讲述作者一家周日去公园野餐的经历），把握上下文逻辑；其次逐题分析，结合语境、词汇含义、词性及语法规则等，排除错误选项，选出最佳答案；最后再通读全文，验证所选答案是否符合文意。
【解析】
第1题：根据后文“with a clear blue sky（天空湛蓝）”可知天气晴朗，对应选项D（sunny）；
第2题：去野餐需要准备食物，妈妈在篮子里准备三明治和水果，对应选项D（prepared）；
第3题：指代前文的“My little sister”，用形容词性物主代词her，对应选项C；
第4题：根据后文“Some children flew kites, while others played games”可知公园挤满了人，对应选项B（people）；
第5题：妹妹看到可爱的狗兴奋地喊，对应选项A（shouted）；
第6题：狗追球，对应短语run after，选项A；
第7题：根据“chatting and laughing together”可知愉快地享受野餐，对应选项C（happily）；
第8题：爸爸讲了有趣的故事，所以我们都笑了，表结果用so，对应选项B；
第9题：风筝飞不高是因为风不够大，对应选项B（wind）；
第10题：清理垃圾是为了保持公园干净，对应选项A（clean）。
【答案】
1－5. DDCBA 6－10. ACBBA
【知识点】
完形填空、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文以家庭野餐为主题，贴近学生生活，考查学生对语境的理解、词汇的词义辨析及逻辑关系的把握，是典型的初中完形填空题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
做完形填空时，首先需通读全文，明确文章主旨（本文讲述作者一家周日去公园野餐的经历），把握上下文逻辑；其次逐题分析，结合语境、词汇含义、词性及语法规则等，排除错误选项，选出最佳答案；最后再通读全文，验证所选答案是否符合文意。
【解析】
第1题：根据后文“with a clear blue sky（天空湛蓝）”可知天气晴朗，对应选项D（sunny）；
第2题：去野餐需要准备食物，妈妈在篮子里准备三明治和水果，对应选项D（prepared）；
第3题：指代前文的“My little sister”，用形容词性物主代词her，对应选项C；
第4题：根据后文“Some children flew kites, while others played games”可知公园挤满了人，对应选项B（people）；
第5题：妹妹看到可爱的狗兴奋地喊，对应选项A（shouted）；
第6题：狗追球，对应短语run after，选项A；
第7题：根据“chatting and laughing together”可知愉快地享受野餐，对应选项C（happily）；
第8题：爸爸讲了有趣的故事，所以我们都笑了，表结果用so，对应选项B；
第9题：风筝飞不高是因为风不够大，对应选项B（wind）；
第10题：清理垃圾是为了保持公园干净，对应选项A（clean）。
【答案】
1－5. DDCBA 6－10. ACBBA
【知识点】
完形填空、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文以家庭野餐为主题，贴近学生生活，考查学生对语境的理解、词汇的词义辨析及逻辑关系的把握，是典型的初中完形填空题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
二、阅读理解（真题·绍兴嵊州）
阅读下面的材料，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Wolves may seem scary, but they could help save Scotland's forests! A new study shows that bringing wolves back can make the forests healthy. Why? Because wolves can help trees grow, and trees are really important. They take in carbon dioxide($\ce{CO_{2}}$), a gas that makes the world warmer.
In the UK today, there are no wild wolves. Over 250 years ago, people killed all the wolves in Scotland. Without wolves, red deer have no natural enemies(天敌), so their numbers became very large. Red deer love to eat young trees, and this stops forests from growing. Now, only 4% of Scotland has forests, much less than in many other countries.
Scientists used a computer to see what would happen if wolves came back. They found that 167 wolves could control(控制） the number of red deer. Then, more trees could grow and take in more carbon dioxide($\ce{CO_{2}}$) each year!
Some people might not like this idea. Farmers are worried that wolves will make their cows and sheep in danger. But the scientists want to share this new information. They hope people will see the good things wolves can do for nature.
(
A. Wolves.
B. Trees.
C. People.
D. Deer.
(
A. Because red deer have lots of enemies.
B. Because red deer eat too many trees.
C. Because people cut down so many trees.
D. Because wolves stop forests from growing.
(
A. eat a lot of young trees
B. protect cows and sheep
C. make friends with deer
D. do good things for nature
(
A. Forests: Green World
B. Computers: Good Helpers
C. Deer: Great Friends
D. Wolves: Helpful Animals
阅读下面的材料，从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Wolves may seem scary, but they could help save Scotland's forests! A new study shows that bringing wolves back can make the forests healthy. Why? Because wolves can help trees grow, and trees are really important. They take in carbon dioxide($\ce{CO_{2}}$), a gas that makes the world warmer.
In the UK today, there are no wild wolves. Over 250 years ago, people killed all the wolves in Scotland. Without wolves, red deer have no natural enemies(天敌), so their numbers became very large. Red deer love to eat young trees, and this stops forests from growing. Now, only 4% of Scotland has forests, much less than in many other countries.
Scientists used a computer to see what would happen if wolves came back. They found that 167 wolves could control(控制） the number of red deer. Then, more trees could grow and take in more carbon dioxide($\ce{CO_{2}}$) each year!
Some people might not like this idea. Farmers are worried that wolves will make their cows and sheep in danger. But the scientists want to share this new information. They hope people will see the good things wolves can do for nature.
(
B
)11. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. Wolves.
B. Trees.
C. People.
D. Deer.
(
B
)12. According to Paragraph 2, why does only 4% of Scotland have forests?A. Because red deer have lots of enemies.
B. Because red deer eat too many trees.
C. Because people cut down so many trees.
D. Because wolves stop forests from growing.
(
D
)13. From Paragraphs 3&4, we can learn that wolves can .A. eat a lot of young trees
B. protect cows and sheep
C. make friends with deer
D. do good things for nature
(
D
)14. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Forests: Green World
B. Computers: Good Helpers
C. Deer: Great Friends
D. Wolves: Helpful Animals
答案
11－14. BBDD
【阅读理解】
文章围绕“狼能拯救苏格兰森林,对自然有益”的主旨说明狼是有益动物。
第11题:代词指代题。根据第一段“Because wolves can help trees grow, and trees are really important. They take in carbon dioxide ...”(因为狼能帮助树木生长,而树木确实很重要。它们吸收二氧化碳……)可知,前文提到树木很重要,后文承接说明“它们”的作用,由此可推知“They”指代前文的“trees”。故选 B。
第12题:推理判断题。根据第二段“Without wolves, red deer have no natural enemies, so their numbers became very large. Red deer love to eat young trees, and this stops forests from growing. Now, only 4% of Scotland has forests”(没有狼,马鹿就没有天敌,所以它们的数量变得非常多。马鹿喜欢吃幼树,这阻碍了森林的生长。现在,苏格兰只有 4% 的土地有森林)可知,马鹿因无天敌而数量激增,它们啃食幼树导致森林无法生长,这是苏格兰仅 4% 地区有森林的原因。故选 B。
第13题:推理判断题。根据第三段“Scientists ... found that 167 wolves could control the number of red deer. Then, more trees could grow ...”(科学家们……发现 167 只狼就能控制马鹿的数量。这样一来,就会有更多的树生长……)及第四段“They hope people will see the good things wolves can do for nature.”(他们希望人们能看到狼能为大自然做的好事。)可知,狼能控制马鹿数量,助力树木生长,对自然有益。故选 D。
第14题:标题归纳题。文章围绕“狼能帮助拯救苏格兰森林、对自然有益”展开,“Wolves: Helpful Animals”(狼:有益的动物)能概括主旨。故选 D。
【阅读理解】
文章围绕“狼能拯救苏格兰森林,对自然有益”的主旨说明狼是有益动物。
第11题:代词指代题。根据第一段“Because wolves can help trees grow, and trees are really important. They take in carbon dioxide ...”(因为狼能帮助树木生长,而树木确实很重要。它们吸收二氧化碳……)可知,前文提到树木很重要,后文承接说明“它们”的作用,由此可推知“They”指代前文的“trees”。故选 B。
第12题:推理判断题。根据第二段“Without wolves, red deer have no natural enemies, so their numbers became very large. Red deer love to eat young trees, and this stops forests from growing. Now, only 4% of Scotland has forests”(没有狼,马鹿就没有天敌,所以它们的数量变得非常多。马鹿喜欢吃幼树,这阻碍了森林的生长。现在,苏格兰只有 4% 的土地有森林)可知,马鹿因无天敌而数量激增,它们啃食幼树导致森林无法生长,这是苏格兰仅 4% 地区有森林的原因。故选 B。
第13题:推理判断题。根据第三段“Scientists ... found that 167 wolves could control the number of red deer. Then, more trees could grow ...”(科学家们……发现 167 只狼就能控制马鹿的数量。这样一来,就会有更多的树生长……)及第四段“They hope people will see the good things wolves can do for nature.”(他们希望人们能看到狼能为大自然做的好事。)可知,狼能控制马鹿数量,助力树木生长,对自然有益。故选 D。
第14题:标题归纳题。文章围绕“狼能帮助拯救苏格兰森林、对自然有益”展开,“Wolves: Helpful Animals”(狼:有益的动物)能概括主旨。故选 D。
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，共4道小题，分别考查代词指代、细节推理、主旨理解及标题归纳。解题思路：11题需根据代词所在句的前文内容确定指代对象；12题定位第二段中森林覆盖率低的原因；13题结合第三、四段分析狼对自然的作用；14题概括全文主旨选择最贴合的标题。
【解析】
11题：代词指代题。第一段提到“Because wolves can help trees grow, and trees are really important. They take in carbon dioxide...”，前文核心名词为“trees”，后文“They”指代该名词，故选B。
12题：推理判断题。第二段指出，没有狼的话红鹿无天敌导致数量激增，红鹿爱吃幼树阻碍森林生长，这是苏格兰仅4%地区有森林的原因，故选B。
13题：推理判断题。第三段提到狼能控制红鹿数量、助力树木生长，第四段提到狼对自然有益，可知狼能为自然做有益的事，故选D。
14题：标题归纳题。全文围绕“狼能帮助拯救苏格兰森林、对自然有益”展开，“Wolves: Helpful Animals”最能概括主旨，故选D。
【答案】BBDD
【知识点】英语阅读理解（代词指代题、推理判断题、标题归纳题）
【点评】本文是一篇说明文，围绕狼对苏格兰森林的积极作用展开，考查学生对英语阅读常见题型的掌握，题目难度适中，学生仔细阅读原文定位关键信息即可正确解答，有助于提升阅读理解能力。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】
11题：代词指代题。第一段提到“Because wolves can help trees grow, and trees are really important. They take in carbon dioxide...”，前文核心名词为“trees”，后文“They”指代该名词，故选B。
12题：推理判断题。第二段指出，没有狼的话红鹿无天敌导致数量激增，红鹿爱吃幼树阻碍森林生长，这是苏格兰仅4%地区有森林的原因，故选B。
13题：推理判断题。第三段提到狼能控制红鹿数量、助力树木生长，第四段提到狼对自然有益，可知狼能为自然做有益的事，故选D。
14题：标题归纳题。全文围绕“狼能帮助拯救苏格兰森林、对自然有益”展开，“Wolves: Helpful Animals”最能概括主旨，故选D。
【答案】BBDD
【知识点】英语阅读理解（代词指代题、推理判断题、标题归纳题）
【点评】本文是一篇说明文，围绕狼对苏格兰森林的积极作用展开，考查学生对英语阅读常见题型的掌握，题目难度适中，学生仔细阅读原文定位关键信息即可正确解答，有助于提升阅读理解能力。
【难度系数】0.7
