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三、任务型阅读。(每小题2分,共10分)
体验分享活动结束后,老师带领同学们学习了一篇讲述地震研究科学家艾米·卡特事迹的文章并借助艾米·卡特的故事告诉同学们:面对灾害,既要学会保护自身安全,也要拥有坚守与拼搏的精神。
At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising(有前途的) scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came. The ground shook hard, and many buildings fell down. Amy was trapped under the broken buildings for hours. When people saved her, her back and arms were badly hurt. After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn't do fieldwork(实地考察) anymore.
But Amy didn't give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes. She used what she knew about earthquakes and combined it with new computer skills. Soon, she had good results.
Now, Amy is a famous professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She started a company. This company made new earthquake warning systems. These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. Her work helped many people in places where earthquakes often occur. In 2023, she won a big award for her great work. She also tells her own story to encourage young students to study science. Thanks to Amy, people are much readier for earthquakes.
根据短文内容,回答问题。(每题答案不超过10个词)
1. How old was Amy when the earthquake took place?
2. Amy couldn't do fieldwork as before after the earthquake, could she?
3. What did Amy decide to do after she got hurt?
4. Where did Amy study to make better earthquake prediction ways?
5. What important recognition did Amy receive in 2023?
体验分享活动结束后,老师带领同学们学习了一篇讲述地震研究科学家艾米·卡特事迹的文章并借助艾米·卡特的故事告诉同学们:面对灾害,既要学会保护自身安全,也要拥有坚守与拼搏的精神。
At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising(有前途的) scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day, when she went to study in an area where earthquakes often happened, a big earthquake came. The ground shook hard, and many buildings fell down. Amy was trapped under the broken buildings for hours. When people saved her, her back and arms were badly hurt. After many operations and a long time of getting better, she could walk with a walking stick, but she couldn't do fieldwork(实地考察) anymore.
But Amy didn't give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes. She used what she knew about earthquakes and combined it with new computer skills. Soon, she had good results.
Now, Amy is a famous professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She started a company. This company made new earthquake warning systems. These systems use many sensors and smart programs. They can find the first signs of an earthquake and tell people a few seconds or minutes before the strong shaking starts. Her work helped many people in places where earthquakes often occur. In 2023, she won a big award for her great work. She also tells her own story to encourage young students to study science. Thanks to Amy, people are much readier for earthquakes.
根据短文内容,回答问题。(每题答案不超过10个词)
1. How old was Amy when the earthquake took place?
22. /Twenty-two.
2. Amy couldn't do fieldwork as before after the earthquake, could she?
No, she couldn't.
3. What did Amy decide to do after she got hurt?
To study and work on new ideas about earthquakes.
4. Where did Amy study to make better earthquake prediction ways?
At Stanford University.
5. What important recognition did Amy receive in 2023?
She won a big award.
答案
三、1. 22. /Twenty-two. 2. No, she couldn't.
3. To study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. 4. At Stanford University. 5. She won a big award.
3. To study and work on new ideas about earthquakes. 4. At Stanford University. 5. She won a big award.
解析
【分析】
这道题是细节类任务型阅读，解题思路非常清晰：首先逐个划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位，直接匹配原文信息提取答案即可，同时要注意两个要点：一是反意疑问句的回答要和实际事实保持一致，二是严格遵守题干要求的答案不超过10个词的限制，剔除冗余表述。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段"At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day... a big earthquake came"，可知地震发生时Amy22岁，直接提取年龄信息即可。
2. 定位原文第一段末尾"but she couldn't do fieldwork anymore"，可知地震后Amy没法再做实地考察，反意疑问句根据实际否定事实，回答为No, she couldn't。
3. 定位原文第二段"But Amy didn't give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes"，直接提取她受伤后做出的决定即可。
4. 定位原文第二段"She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes"，直接提取就读院校信息即可。
5. 定位原文最后一段"In 2023, she won a big award for her great work"，直接提取2023年获得的荣誉信息即可。
【答案】
1. 22. /Twenty-two.
2. No, she couldn't.
3. To study and work on new ideas about earthquakes.
4. At Stanford University.
5. She won a big award.
【知识点】
细节阅读定位，反意疑问句简答，信息匹配提取
【点评】
本题全部为细节查找类题型，不需要复杂推理，整体难度很低，只要能准确定位原文对应内容就能拿到分数，答题时注意不要出现语法错误，同时控制答案字数不超过10词，避免不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.8
这道题是细节类任务型阅读，解题思路非常清晰：首先逐个划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位，直接匹配原文信息提取答案即可，同时要注意两个要点：一是反意疑问句的回答要和实际事实保持一致，二是严格遵守题干要求的答案不超过10个词的限制，剔除冗余表述。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段"At 22, Amy Carter was a young and promising scientist in earthquake studies. One bad day... a big earthquake came"，可知地震发生时Amy22岁，直接提取年龄信息即可。
2. 定位原文第一段末尾"but she couldn't do fieldwork anymore"，可知地震后Amy没法再做实地考察，反意疑问句根据实际否定事实，回答为No, she couldn't。
3. 定位原文第二段"But Amy didn't give up. She decided to study and work on new ideas about earthquakes"，直接提取她受伤后做出的决定即可。
4. 定位原文第二段"She went to study at Stanford University. There, she tried her best to make better ways to predict earthquakes"，直接提取就读院校信息即可。
5. 定位原文最后一段"In 2023, she won a big award for her great work"，直接提取2023年获得的荣誉信息即可。
【答案】
1. 22. /Twenty-two.
2. No, she couldn't.
3. To study and work on new ideas about earthquakes.
4. At Stanford University.
5. She won a big award.
【知识点】
细节阅读定位，反意疑问句简答，信息匹配提取
【点评】
本题全部为细节查找类题型，不需要复杂推理，整体难度很低，只要能准确定位原文对应内容就能拿到分数，答题时注意不要出现语法错误，同时控制答案字数不超过10词，避免不必要的失分。
【难度系数】
0.8
四、词形填空。(每小题2分,共20分)
在科普研讨环节,同学们共同学习了一篇关于山火的文章。同学们在学习中掌握了山火防控的基本常识,也进一步认识到了灾害预防的重要性。
In early January 2025, a terrible wildfire broke out in Los Angeles, California. The strong Santa Ana wind 1.
The wildfire hit the local environment 5.
Now, the local environment and people's lives 9.
在科普研讨环节,同学们共同学习了一篇关于山火的文章。同学们在学习中掌握了山火防控的基本常识,也进一步认识到了灾害预防的重要性。
In early January 2025, a terrible wildfire broke out in Los Angeles, California. The strong Santa Ana wind 1.
blew
(blow) heavily and made the fire spread fast in a fixed direction. Many firemen tried their best to control the fire, but the strong wind kept the fire growing 2. larger
(large). As the fire went on, many houses were burned to the ground, and thousands of local people had to leave their places and became 3. homeless
(home). A large number of victims were ordinary citizens, 4. including
(include) the old and the kids who could not run away quickly.The wildfire hit the local environment 5.
terribly
(terrible). Large areas of forests and grasslands turned to ashes, and animals lost their 6. living
(live) places completely. Some small animals got hurt badly and 7. bled
(bleed) when they ran in fear. Without plants to protect the soil, rain would 8. easily
(easy) wash the land away and cause mudslides. The smoke from the fire polluted the air badly, and people had to wear masks to keep safe.Now, the local environment and people's lives 9.
are
(be) still in trouble, and it will take a long time for everything to be normal again. This serious disaster tells us that we must learn 10. to avoid
(avoid) such wildfires and take good care of the environment around us.答案
四、1. blew 2. larger 3. homeless 4. including 5. terribly 6. living 7. bled 8. easily 9. are 10. to avoid
解析
【分析】
这是一篇结合山火科普语境的词形填空题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，把握整体叙事背景，本文主体讲述2025年初已经发生的洛杉矶山火事件，大部分语境对应一般过去时，末尾转到当下的现状和启示，对应一般现在时。第二步逐空分析：先判断空格在句中充当的句法成分，再结合词性转换规则、语境语义、固定搭配推导正确的变形形式，最后把所有答案代入全文通读，验证语法逻辑和语义是否通顺，避免变形错误。
【解析】
1. 本句中and并列两个谓语动词，后文的made是一般过去式，因此blow要变为对应的过去式blew，符合过去发生的事件的时态要求。
2. 语境表示强风让火势不断扩大，暗含和之前的火势程度作对比，因此形容词large要变为比较级larger，表达“更大”的含义。
3. 根据前文“很多房屋被烧毁，人们被迫离开住所”的语境，此处表达人们变得无家可归，名词home要变为形容词homeless，意为“无家可归的”，作表语。
4. 此处是用来举例说明受害者包含老人和孩子，需要用介词including，意为“包括”，用来引出列举的对象。
5. 空格修饰句中的谓语动词hit，修饰动词需要用副词，因此形容词terrible要变为副词形式terribly。
6. 此处表达动物的居住场所，固定搭配living places表示“居住地”，动词live要变为动名词living作定语修饰places。
7. 本句中and并列两个谓语动词，前文的got是一般过去式，因此动词bleed要变为对应的过去式bled，保持时态一致。
8. 空格修饰句中的动词wash，修饰动词需要用副词，因此形容词easy要变为副词形式easily。
9. 时间状语now提示本句描述当下的状态，主语是the local environment and people's lives，是复数概念，因此be动词用are。
10. 此处考察固定搭配learn to do sth.，意为“学会做某事”，因此动词avoid要变为不定式形式to avoid。
【答案】
1. blew 2. larger 3. homeless 4. including 5. terribly 6. living 7. bled 8. easily 9. are 10. to avoid
【知识点】
词形转换，动词时态，固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合灾害科普的真实语境考察初中英语核心词形转换考点，覆盖了动词时态变形、形副转换、派生词、非谓语动词等多个基础知识点，同时渗透了灾害防护和环保的价值引导。做题时切忌盲目直接变形，要先判断空格的句法功能和句子整体时态，做完后代入通读验证可以有效降低失误率。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇结合山火科普语境的词形填空题，解题思路如下：第一步先通读全文，把握整体叙事背景，本文主体讲述2025年初已经发生的洛杉矶山火事件，大部分语境对应一般过去时，末尾转到当下的现状和启示，对应一般现在时。第二步逐空分析：先判断空格在句中充当的句法成分，再结合词性转换规则、语境语义、固定搭配推导正确的变形形式，最后把所有答案代入全文通读，验证语法逻辑和语义是否通顺，避免变形错误。
【解析】
1. 本句中and并列两个谓语动词，后文的made是一般过去式，因此blow要变为对应的过去式blew，符合过去发生的事件的时态要求。
2. 语境表示强风让火势不断扩大，暗含和之前的火势程度作对比，因此形容词large要变为比较级larger，表达“更大”的含义。
3. 根据前文“很多房屋被烧毁，人们被迫离开住所”的语境，此处表达人们变得无家可归，名词home要变为形容词homeless，意为“无家可归的”，作表语。
4. 此处是用来举例说明受害者包含老人和孩子，需要用介词including，意为“包括”，用来引出列举的对象。
5. 空格修饰句中的谓语动词hit，修饰动词需要用副词，因此形容词terrible要变为副词形式terribly。
6. 此处表达动物的居住场所，固定搭配living places表示“居住地”，动词live要变为动名词living作定语修饰places。
7. 本句中and并列两个谓语动词，前文的got是一般过去式，因此动词bleed要变为对应的过去式bled，保持时态一致。
8. 空格修饰句中的动词wash，修饰动词需要用副词，因此形容词easy要变为副词形式easily。
9. 时间状语now提示本句描述当下的状态，主语是the local environment and people's lives，是复数概念，因此be动词用are。
10. 此处考察固定搭配learn to do sth.，意为“学会做某事”，因此动词avoid要变为不定式形式to avoid。
【答案】
1. blew 2. larger 3. homeless 4. including 5. terribly 6. living 7. bled 8. easily 9. are 10. to avoid
【知识点】
词形转换，动词时态，固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合灾害科普的真实语境考察初中英语核心词形转换考点，覆盖了动词时态变形、形副转换、派生词、非谓语动词等多个基础知识点，同时渗透了灾害防护和环保的价值引导。做题时切忌盲目直接变形，要先判断空格的句法功能和句子整体时态，做完后代入通读验证可以有效降低失误率。
【难度系数】
0.6
