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F(2025·江苏淮安调研)
Seagrass, an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor, is very important for sea life. It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon. However, scientists don’t know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean. With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world’s largest seagrass meadow(grassland) on the seafloor near the Bahamas.
Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fishes, shellfish, and so on. Large sea animals, like sharks, also spend a lot of time there looking for food. Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find. But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach.
After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert(专家), trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras. Since tiger sharks swim in groups, they placed satellite tracking tags(卫星跟踪器) on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam. They gathered hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass.
The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they expected—in fact, they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on the Earth. The new finding increases the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%. However, more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow.
Scientists often depend on findings from divers(潜水员) and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea. Hopefully, more mysteries about seagrass will be solved.
(
A. Because it is too small to be seen.
B. Because it grows in very deep and dark areas.
C. Because it’s difficult to reach the bottom of the sea.
D. Because tiger sharks almost eat it all up.
(
A. The reason for the research.
B. The method to do the research.
C. The discovery of the research.
D. The scientists of the research.
(
A. By hiring more divers and boats.
B. By using better cameras.
C. By having discussions with seagrass experts.
D. By working with animals.
(
A. show a special project on global warming
B. express the features of sea animals
C. share a new way of doing undersea research
D. tell the importance of seagrass
Seagrass, an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor, is very important for sea life. It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon. However, scientists don’t know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean. With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world’s largest seagrass meadow(grassland) on the seafloor near the Bahamas.
Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fishes, shellfish, and so on. Large sea animals, like sharks, also spend a lot of time there looking for food. Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find. But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach.
After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert(专家), trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras. Since tiger sharks swim in groups, they placed satellite tracking tags(卫星跟踪器) on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam. They gathered hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass.
The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they expected—in fact, they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on the Earth. The new finding increases the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%. However, more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow.
Scientists often depend on findings from divers(潜水员) and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea. Hopefully, more mysteries about seagrass will be solved.
(
B
)1. Why is seagrass difficult to find under the water?A. Because it is too small to be seen.
B. Because it grows in very deep and dark areas.
C. Because it’s difficult to reach the bottom of the sea.
D. Because tiger sharks almost eat it all up.
(
B
)2. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The reason for the research.
B. The method to do the research.
C. The discovery of the research.
D. The scientists of the research.
(
D
)3. How will scientists work out mysteries about seagrass?A. By hiring more divers and boats.
B. By using better cameras.
C. By having discussions with seagrass experts.
D. By working with animals.
(
C
)4. The article is written to .A. show a special project on global warming
B. express the features of sea animals
C. share a new way of doing undersea research
D. tell the importance of seagrass
答案
1. B 【点拨】根据“Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find.”可知海草可以生长在非常深且黑暗的水域，很难找到。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据“After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert(专家), trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras.”可知本段主要讲了研究的方法。故选 B。
3. D 【点拨】根据“Scientists often depend on findings from divers(潜水员) and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding.”可知科学家通过和动物一起工作来解开海草之谜。故选 D。
4. C 【点拨】通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了海草的重要性以及科学家利用虎鲨进行海底研究，即分享一种新的海底研究方法。故选 C。
2. B 【点拨】根据“After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert(专家), trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras.”可知本段主要讲了研究的方法。故选 B。
3. D 【点拨】根据“Scientists often depend on findings from divers(潜水员) and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding.”可知科学家通过和动物一起工作来解开海草之谜。故选 D。
4. C 【点拨】通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了海草的重要性以及科学家利用虎鲨进行海底研究，即分享一种新的海底研究方法。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应思路推进：
1. 细节题先划出题干关键词，直接回原文定位找对应表述，排除无中生有的干扰选项；
2. 段落主旨题需要通读指定段落，提炼段落核心叙述对象，判断段落围绕什么内容展开；
3. 写作目的题需要梳理全文行文脉络，区分开篇引入的铺垫内容和核心叙述的主体内容，选出最贴合全文核心的选项。
具体到本题：第一题找海草难被发现的原因，直接定位原文对应描述即可；第二题读第三段可知全段都在讲研究者开展研究的具体操作步骤，对应研究方法；第三题定位文末内容，能找到研究者后续借助动物开展研究的表述；第四题梳理全文可知核心是介绍和动物合作的新型海底勘测方式。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段"Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find."可知海草难以被发现的原因是它生长在极深、昏暗的水域，A选项“太小看不见”、D选项“虎鲨几乎吃光海草”原文完全没有提及，C选项“很难抵达海底”不符合原文表述，因此选B。
2. 段落主旨题：第三段依次介绍了研究者和海草专家合作测绘海草位置、给7只虎鲨安装摄像头、给另外8只虎鲨安装卫星追踪器收集视频的操作流程，整段都围绕本次研究的具体实施方法展开，A研究原因、C研究发现、D介绍科学家都不是本段核心内容，因此选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段"Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea."可知科学家后续将通过和动物合作的方式解开更多海草相关谜题，传统的潜水员、船只方式不是本次新研究采用的方案，其余选项均不符合原文，因此选D。
4. 写作目的推断题：全文先引入海草的作用，再重点介绍研究者创新性借助虎鲨勘测到全球最大海草场，后续还计划借助海龟开展更多海底研究，核心是向读者分享这种和动物协作的新型海底研究方式，A“展示全球变暖相关特殊项目”、B“介绍海洋动物特征”都偏离主题，D“说明海草的重要性”只是开篇的铺垫引入内容，不是全文写作目的，因此选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
细节信息查找，段落主旨归纳，写作目的推断
【点评】
本题属于常规科普类阅读题型，考点覆盖了阅读理解最常见的三类题型，难度梯度设置合理，提醒学生做主旨类题目时不能只抓住局部片段内容就选答案，要梳理全文脉络判断核心叙述方向，避免被片面信息误导。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应思路推进：
1. 细节题先划出题干关键词，直接回原文定位找对应表述，排除无中生有的干扰选项；
2. 段落主旨题需要通读指定段落，提炼段落核心叙述对象，判断段落围绕什么内容展开；
3. 写作目的题需要梳理全文行文脉络，区分开篇引入的铺垫内容和核心叙述的主体内容，选出最贴合全文核心的选项。
具体到本题：第一题找海草难被发现的原因，直接定位原文对应描述即可；第二题读第三段可知全段都在讲研究者开展研究的具体操作步骤，对应研究方法；第三题定位文末内容，能找到研究者后续借助动物开展研究的表述；第四题梳理全文可知核心是介绍和动物合作的新型海底勘测方式。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段"Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find."可知海草难以被发现的原因是它生长在极深、昏暗的水域，A选项“太小看不见”、D选项“虎鲨几乎吃光海草”原文完全没有提及，C选项“很难抵达海底”不符合原文表述，因此选B。
2. 段落主旨题：第三段依次介绍了研究者和海草专家合作测绘海草位置、给7只虎鲨安装摄像头、给另外8只虎鲨安装卫星追踪器收集视频的操作流程，整段都围绕本次研究的具体实施方法展开，A研究原因、C研究发现、D介绍科学家都不是本段核心内容，因此选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段"Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea."可知科学家后续将通过和动物合作的方式解开更多海草相关谜题，传统的潜水员、船只方式不是本次新研究采用的方案，其余选项均不符合原文，因此选D。
4. 写作目的推断题：全文先引入海草的作用，再重点介绍研究者创新性借助虎鲨勘测到全球最大海草场，后续还计划借助海龟开展更多海底研究，核心是向读者分享这种和动物协作的新型海底研究方式，A“展示全球变暖相关特殊项目”、B“介绍海洋动物特征”都偏离主题，D“说明海草的重要性”只是开篇的铺垫引入内容，不是全文写作目的，因此选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
细节信息查找，段落主旨归纳，写作目的推断
【点评】
本题属于常规科普类阅读题型，考点覆盖了阅读理解最常见的三类题型，难度梯度设置合理，提醒学生做主旨类题目时不能只抓住局部片段内容就选答案，要梳理全文脉络判断核心叙述方向，避免被片面信息误导。
【难度系数】
0.7
