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五、核心素养 革命文化 阅读理解
| 主题群 | 子主题 | 语篇类型 | 难度 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 历史、社会与文化 | 历史人物
| 说明文 | ★★ |
Yang Jingyu was a famous and brave hero in China's fight against Japanese aggression（侵略）. He loved his country deeply and spent nearly all his life fighting to protect it from enemies. His story has inspired many people for many years.
In 1933, Yang Jingyu went to Jilin Province and built an anti-Japanese army there. He was a smart and strong leader. He led this army to fight more than 1,000 difficult battles（战役）against Japanese armies. With their hard work and courage, they made an important anti-Japanese area much stronger. They also stopped the enemy's plan to take control of more land in China.
Yang Jingyu never gave up, even when things were very hard. Once, he had no food or help for a long time, but he still kept fighting.
In February 1940, he died bravely during a battle. People felt very sad but were also proud of his great spirit.
To remember Yang Jingyu, a special army group was named "Yang Jingyu Detachment" in 1946. This group carried on his spirit: they fought bravely in more wars later, and in peacetime, they did many good things like helping stop big floods（洪水）and going to other countries to keep peace.
In 2025, the battle flag of the "Yang Jingyu Detachment" was shown in a grand military parade（阅兵）. The parade celebrated the 80th year of victory in the anti-Japanese war. Later, the flag was sent back to Jilin Province, where Yang Jingyu once led his army to fight.
1. What does the underlined word "inspired" mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Surprised. B. Encouraged.
C. Worried. D. Controlled.
2. What does the underlined word "they" refer to in Paragraph 2?
A. Yang Jingyu and his anti-Japanese army.
B. Japanese troops in Jilin Province.
C. Leaders of the anti-Japanese area.
D. People who supported the army.
3. In which year was the army group named "Yang Jingyu Detachment"?
A. 1933. B. 1940. C. 1946. D. 2025.
4. Where was the battle flag of the "Yang Jingyu Detachment" sent back in 2025?
A. To Jilin Province.
B. To Henan Province.
C. To Shandong Province.
D. To Hebei Province.
| 主题群 | 子主题 | 语篇类型 | 难度 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 历史、社会与文化 | 历史人物
| 说明文 | ★★ |Yang Jingyu was a famous and brave hero in China's fight against Japanese aggression（侵略）. He loved his country deeply and spent nearly all his life fighting to protect it from enemies. His story has inspired many people for many years.
In 1933, Yang Jingyu went to Jilin Province and built an anti-Japanese army there. He was a smart and strong leader. He led this army to fight more than 1,000 difficult battles（战役）against Japanese armies. With their hard work and courage, they made an important anti-Japanese area much stronger. They also stopped the enemy's plan to take control of more land in China.
Yang Jingyu never gave up, even when things were very hard. Once, he had no food or help for a long time, but he still kept fighting.
In February 1940, he died bravely during a battle. People felt very sad but were also proud of his great spirit.
To remember Yang Jingyu, a special army group was named "Yang Jingyu Detachment" in 1946. This group carried on his spirit: they fought bravely in more wars later, and in peacetime, they did many good things like helping stop big floods（洪水）and going to other countries to keep peace.
In 2025, the battle flag of the "Yang Jingyu Detachment" was shown in a grand military parade（阅兵）. The parade celebrated the 80th year of victory in the anti-Japanese war. Later, the flag was sent back to Jilin Province, where Yang Jingyu once led his army to fight.
1. What does the underlined word "inspired" mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Surprised. B. Encouraged.
C. Worried. D. Controlled.
2. What does the underlined word "they" refer to in Paragraph 2?
A. Yang Jingyu and his anti-Japanese army.
B. Japanese troops in Jilin Province.
C. Leaders of the anti-Japanese area.
D. People who supported the army.
3. In which year was the army group named "Yang Jingyu Detachment"?
A. 1933. B. 1940. C. 1946. D. 2025.
4. Where was the battle flag of the "Yang Jingyu Detachment" sent back in 2025?
A. To Jilin Province.
B. To Henan Province.
C. To Shandong Province.
D. To Hebei Province.
答案
1. B 词义猜测题。根据“Yang Jingyu was a famous and brave hero ... His story has inspired many people for many years.”可知，英雄的故事应是“鼓舞”了很多人，inspired对应encouraged。
2. A 代词指代题。根据“In 1933, Yang Jingyu went to Jilin Province and built an anti-Japanese army there ... With their hard work and courage, they made an important anti-Japanese area much stronger.”可知，1933年，杨靖宇前往吉林省，在那里建立了一支抗日军队……凭借他们的辛勤努力和勇气，他们使这个重要的抗日根据地变得更加坚固，they指代的是杨靖宇和他的抗日军队。
方法归纳
代词指代解题方法：
1. 代词指代题2条铁律：代词一定指代前面出现过的内容（极少情况在后，基本都在前）；单复数一致；
2. 万能解题步骤：找到代词所在句子；往前找；用单复数、性别、逻辑排除；把你选的答案代回原文读一遍；超好用排除法：离代词太远的一般不选；单复数对不上不选；直接排除性别不对；直接排除代入后逻辑不通。
3. C 细节理解题。根据“To remember Yang Jingyu, a special army group was named ‘Yang Jingyu Detachment’ in 1946.”可知，该支队是1946年命名的。
4. A 细节理解题。根据“Later, the flag was sent back to Jilin Province, where Yang Jingyu once led his army to fight.”可知，战旗被送回了吉林省。
2. A 代词指代题。根据“In 1933, Yang Jingyu went to Jilin Province and built an anti-Japanese army there ... With their hard work and courage, they made an important anti-Japanese area much stronger.”可知，1933年，杨靖宇前往吉林省，在那里建立了一支抗日军队……凭借他们的辛勤努力和勇气，他们使这个重要的抗日根据地变得更加坚固，they指代的是杨靖宇和他的抗日军队。
方法归纳
代词指代解题方法：
1. 代词指代题2条铁律：代词一定指代前面出现过的内容（极少情况在后，基本都在前）；单复数一致；
2. 万能解题步骤：找到代词所在句子；往前找；用单复数、性别、逻辑排除；把你选的答案代回原文读一遍；超好用排除法：离代词太远的一般不选；单复数对不上不选；直接排除性别不对；直接排除代入后逻辑不通。
3. C 细节理解题。根据“To remember Yang Jingyu, a special army group was named ‘Yang Jingyu Detachment’ in 1946.”可知，该支队是1946年命名的。
4. A 细节理解题。根据“Later, the flag was sent back to Jilin Province, where Yang Jingyu once led his army to fight.”可知，战旗被送回了吉林省。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇围绕抗日英雄杨靖宇展开的英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、代词指代、细节理解三类基础题型。解题思路：1. 词义猜测题需结合上下文语境，明确英雄故事对人们的积极影响，匹配对应词汇；2. 代词指代题遵循“指代前文内容、单复数一致”的原则，定位代词所在句后往前找对应复数名词；3. 细节理解题需精准定位原文中时间、地点等关键信息，与选项逐一匹配。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第一段“Yang Jingyu was a famous and brave hero... His story has inspired many people for many years.”可知，英雄的故事对人们有积极的鼓舞作用，“inspired”意为“鼓舞”，对应选项B（Encouraged）。
2. 代词指代题：根据第二段“In 1933, Yang Jingyu went to Jilin Province and built an anti-Japanese army there... With their hard work and courage, they made an important anti-Japanese area much stronger.”，代词“they”指代前文出现的复数名词“Yang Jingyu and his anti-Japanese army”，故选A。
3. 细节理解题：根据第五段“To remember Yang Jingyu, a special army group was named ‘Yang Jingyu Detachment’ in 1946.”可知，该支队命名于1946年，选C。
4. 细节理解题：根据最后一段“Later, the flag was sent back to Jilin Province, where Yang Jingyu once led his army to fight.”可知，战旗被送回吉林省，选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A
【知识点】
词义猜测题、代词指代题、细节理解题
【点评】
本题以革命文化主题（抗日英雄杨靖宇）为载体，考查基础英语阅读解题技能，题型常规，难度适中，既锻炼阅读能力，又能引导学生了解英雄事迹，培养爱国情怀。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇围绕抗日英雄杨靖宇展开的英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、代词指代、细节理解三类基础题型。解题思路：1. 词义猜测题需结合上下文语境，明确英雄故事对人们的积极影响，匹配对应词汇；2. 代词指代题遵循“指代前文内容、单复数一致”的原则，定位代词所在句后往前找对应复数名词；3. 细节理解题需精准定位原文中时间、地点等关键信息，与选项逐一匹配。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第一段“Yang Jingyu was a famous and brave hero... His story has inspired many people for many years.”可知，英雄的故事对人们有积极的鼓舞作用，“inspired”意为“鼓舞”，对应选项B（Encouraged）。
2. 代词指代题：根据第二段“In 1933, Yang Jingyu went to Jilin Province and built an anti-Japanese army there... With their hard work and courage, they made an important anti-Japanese area much stronger.”，代词“they”指代前文出现的复数名词“Yang Jingyu and his anti-Japanese army”，故选A。
3. 细节理解题：根据第五段“To remember Yang Jingyu, a special army group was named ‘Yang Jingyu Detachment’ in 1946.”可知，该支队命名于1946年，选C。
4. 细节理解题：根据最后一段“Later, the flag was sent back to Jilin Province, where Yang Jingyu once led his army to fight.”可知，战旗被送回吉林省，选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A
【知识点】
词义猜测题、代词指代题、细节理解题
【点评】
本题以革命文化主题（抗日英雄杨靖宇）为载体，考查基础英语阅读解题技能，题型常规，难度适中，既锻炼阅读能力，又能引导学生了解英雄事迹，培养爱国情怀。
【难度系数】
0.7
