2026年课时特训九年级英语上册外研版第145页答案
Ⅰ. Complete the sentences according to the Chinese hints in brackets.
1. Recycled clay(粘土) is easy to
shape
(塑形,塑造) into many kinds of eco-friendly crafts.
2. We must protect
wetlands
(湿地) because they can clean polluted water naturally.
3. We should choose bamboo
toothbrushes
(牙刷) instead of plastic ones to cut plastic waste.
4. Reusable cotton
gloves
(手套) are much greener than disposable plastic gloves.
5. The poster will
highlight
(突出,强调) simple daily ways to live an eco-friendly life.
6. I have given up my
former
(以前的) habit of throwing rubbish everywhere.
7. Please divide waste and put it into different coloured
bins
(垃圾桶).
8. Every
tiny
(极小的) green action will help protect our planet.

答案

1. shape 2. wetlands 3. toothbrushes 4. gloves 5. highlight 6. former
7. bins 8. tiny

解析

【分析】
本题为根据中文提示完成句子的词汇填空题,解题思路为:先分析每个句子的结构,判断空格处所需的词性,再结合中文提示写出正确的单词,同时注意名词单复数、动词形式的变化规则(如不定式后接动词原形、情态动词后接动词原形、泛指一类事物用名词复数等)。
【解析】
1. 空格前为“be easy to”结构,to后需接动词原形,“塑形”对应的动词是shape,故填shape。
2. 空格处作protect的宾语,“湿地”是可数名词,此处泛指这类事物,需用复数形式,故填wetlands。
3. “牙刷”是可数名词,此处泛指一类物品,需用复数形式,故填toothbrushes。
4. 空格后be动词为are,主语需为复数,“手套”的复数形式是gloves,故填gloves。
5. 空格前为情态动词will,其后需接动词原形,“突出、强调”对应的动词是highlight,故填highlight。
6. 空格处修饰名词habit,需用形容词,“以前的”对应的形容词是former,故填former。
7. 空格前为“different coloured”,修饰可数名词复数,“垃圾桶”的复数形式是bins,故填bins。
8. 空格处修饰名词action,需用形容词,“极小的”对应的形容词是tiny,故填tiny。
【答案】
1. shape 2. wetlands 3. toothbrushes 4. gloves 5. highlight 6. former 7. bins 8. tiny
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、名词单复数、动词形式
【点评】
本题为基础词汇填空题,主要考察核心英语词汇的拼写及词性、单复数的运用,难度较低,适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words or Chinese in brackets.
1. Plastic waste causes serious
environmental
(environment) damage to oceans.
2. Not
surprisingly
(surprise), single-use plastic harms sea creatures greatly.
3. Plastic rubbish
silently
(silent) poisons(毒害) rivers and soil every day.
4. Buying many plastic goods is a
wasteful
(waste) lifestyle.
5. Broken plastic pieces are
dangerous
(danger) to wild animals.
6. Plastic
pollution
(pollute) has become a global serious problem.
7. Lots of sea animal
deaths
(die) are closely related to plastic waste.
8. Plastic has many convenient
uses
(use), yet its harm to nature cannot be ignored.

答案

1. environmental 2. surprisingly 3. silently 4. wasteful 5. dangerous
6. pollution 7. deaths 8. uses

解析

【分析】本题考查英语词汇的词性转换,需结合句子结构和语法功能确定括号内单词的正确形式:1. 空格修饰名词,需用形容词;2. 空格作句子状语,需用副词;3. 空格修饰动词,需用副词;4. 空格修饰名词,需用形容词;5. 考查固定搭配,需用形容词;6. 空格作句子主语,需用名词;7. lots of后接可数名词复数,需用名词复数;8. many后接可数名词复数,需用名词复数。
【解析】1. 括号内environment为名词,修饰名词damage需用其形容词形式environmental;2. 此处需副词修饰整个句子,surprise的副词形式为surprisingly;3. 修饰动词poisons需用副词,silent的副词形式是silently;4. 修饰名词lifestyle需用形容词,waste的形容词形式为wasteful;5. 固定搭配be dangerous to中需用形容词,danger的形容词形式是dangerous;6. 空格作主语需用名词,pollute的名词形式为pollution;7. lots of后接可数名词复数,die的名词复数是deaths;8. many后接可数名词复数,use的复数形式是uses。
【答案】1. environmental 2. surprisingly 3. silently 4. wasteful 5. dangerous 6. pollution 7. deaths 8. uses
【知识点】英语词性转换,可数名词复数,固定搭配
【点评】本题为基础词汇变形题,考查学生对不同词性语法功能的掌握,难度适中,是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】0.6
Ⅲ. Choose phrases from the box and complete the sentences in proper forms.
by mistake, a danger to, get free of, be free from, get stuck in, despite, the cause of, mistake... for...
1. Thick plastic bags are
a danger to
all kinds of sea animals in the ocean.
2. Many hungry sea birds eat thin plastic bags
by mistake
when they look for food.
3. Slow sea turtles often
get stuck in
old plastic fishing nets under the sea.
4. Small fish often
mistake
little plastic pieces
for
delicious food in water.
5. We all hope that our clean seas can
be free from
plastic waste one day.
6.
Despite
many public warnings, some people still drop plastic rubbish everywhere.
7. Plastic pollution in water is
the cause of
lots of sea animal deaths every year.
8. The young dolphin swims hard to
get free of
the plastic rope around its body.

答案

1. a danger to 2. by mistake 3. get stuck in 4. mistake, for 5. be free from 6. Despite 7. the cause of 8. get free of

解析

【分析】
首先明确方框内各短语的含义与用法,再通读每个句子理解句意,结合句子的语法结构(如主语单复数、情态动词后接动词原形、句首单词大写等),匹配合适的短语,最后检查所选短语的形式是否符合语境要求。
【解析】
1. 句意:厚塑料袋对海洋中的各种海洋动物来说是一种危险。短语a danger to意为“对……是危险”,符合句意,主语为复数,be动词用are,故填a danger to。
2. 句意:许多饥饿的海鸟在寻找食物时误吃薄塑料袋。短语by mistake意为“错误地,误”,符合语境,故填by mistake。
3. 句意:行动缓慢的海龟经常被困在海底的旧塑料渔网里。短语get stuck in意为“被困在……”,主语为复数,一般现在时,故填get stuck in。
4. 句意:小鱼经常把小塑料片错当成水中的美味食物。固定搭配mistake...for...意为“把……错当成……”,主语为复数,一般现在时,故填mistake; for。
5. 句意:我们都希望有一天我们干净的海洋能摆脱塑料垃圾。短语be free from意为“摆脱,免受”,在情态动词can后用原形,故填be free from。
6. 句意:尽管有很多公共警告,一些人还是到处乱扔塑料垃圾。介词despite意为“尽管”,位于句首首字母大写,故填Despite。
7. 句意:水中的塑料污染每年是许多海洋动物死亡的原因。短语the cause of意为“……的原因”,符合句意,故填the cause of。
8. 句意:小海豚努力游动以摆脱身上的塑料绳。短语get free of意为“摆脱,脱离”,在不定式符号to后用原形,故填get free of。
【答案】
1. a danger to 2. by mistake 3. get stuck in 4. mistake, for 5. be free from 6. Despite 7. the cause of 8. get free of
【知识点】
动词短语辨析,固定搭配,介词用法
【点评】
本题考查常用英语短语的词义辨析及在句子中的正确运用,需学生掌握各短语含义、搭配及形式变化,结合语境选择,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3