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四、完形填空(本题有 15 小题,每小题1分,共计 15 分)(真题·杭州西湖)
阅读下面的短文,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Patrick and Grant have been best friends since the first day of primary school. They have always stayed together ever since. Patrick's mother says that they are like twins. But one day, the two best friends stopped 36 to each other.
It didn't take long for the parents to find out that the two boys had a serious fight. 37 they were walking home from school the other day, they talked about their homework. Grant wanted his friend to do the homework so that he could just copy it. He wanted to spend more time playing basketball—one of his favourite 38.
“No way! I don’t think I can help you like this,” said Patrick. “We must know what is more 39. ”
“What is more important?” asked Grant. “That’s just your 40 for not helping me. What a friend!” he said 41. Patrick felt hurt by his friend’s words. He said, “You can say anything you want, but I don’t think I’m helping you by 42 you my homework.”
That afternoon, they walked away and didn’t stay together. In the days that followed, both of them felt 43. When Patrick’s parents realized what had happened, his mother said, “A friend is easier 44 than found. Think about how you can make things better.” At the same time, Grant knew it was his 45 to start the fight.
A few days later, there was a school basketball game. Patrick went to the playground to 46 the players. At the end of the game, the two old friends looked at each other. Grant quickly 47 and held out his hand. He tried to say something, 48 the words were stuck in his throat. Patrick smiled and said, “Good friends don’t need to say sorry. Their friends just 49. ”
That day, the two boys made a 50. They would finish their homework first and play basketball after.
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阅读下面的短文,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Patrick and Grant have been best friends since the first day of primary school. They have always stayed together ever since. Patrick's mother says that they are like twins. But one day, the two best friends stopped 36 to each other.
It didn't take long for the parents to find out that the two boys had a serious fight. 37 they were walking home from school the other day, they talked about their homework. Grant wanted his friend to do the homework so that he could just copy it. He wanted to spend more time playing basketball—one of his favourite 38.
“No way! I don’t think I can help you like this,” said Patrick. “We must know what is more 39. ”
“What is more important?” asked Grant. “That’s just your 40 for not helping me. What a friend!” he said 41. Patrick felt hurt by his friend’s words. He said, “You can say anything you want, but I don’t think I’m helping you by 42 you my homework.”
That afternoon, they walked away and didn’t stay together. In the days that followed, both of them felt 43. When Patrick’s parents realized what had happened, his mother said, “A friend is easier 44 than found. Think about how you can make things better.” At the same time, Grant knew it was his 45 to start the fight.
A few days later, there was a school basketball game. Patrick went to the playground to 46 the players. At the end of the game, the two old friends looked at each other. Grant quickly 47 and held out his hand. He tried to say something, 48 the words were stuck in his throat. Patrick smiled and said, “Good friends don’t need to say sorry. Their friends just 49. ”
That day, the two boys made a 50. They would finish their homework first and play basketball after.
(
C
)36. A. listening B. writing C. talking D. pointing(
B
)37. A. Since B. While C. Because D. Though(
B
)38. A. movies B. sports C. novels D. decisions(
D
)39. A. possible B. exciting C. traditional D. important(
D
)40. A. advice B. prediction C. prize D. excuse(
C
)41. A. happily B. quietly C. angrily D. nervously(
A
)42. A. giving B. selling C. teaching D. returning(
C
)43. A. tired B. excited C. bad D. free(
D
)44. A. described B. helped C. controlled D. lost(
B
)45. A. chance B. mistake C. dream D. turn(
A
)46. A. watch B. find C. stop D. study(
C
)47. A. fell down B. ran away C. came over D. dressed up(
D
)48. A. so B. or C. if D. but(
C
)49. A. wait B. care C. understand D. volunteer(
A
)50. A. promise B. list C. report D. guess答案
36.C 37.B 38.B 39.D 40.D
41.C 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.B
46.A 47.C 48.D 49.C 50.A
【完形填空】
文章讲述了从小就是挚友的 Patrick 和 Grant,因 Grant 想抄作业被 Patrick 拒绝而发生争吵,之后两人陷入冷战、互不交谈;冷战期间双方都倍感失落,Grant 也意识到自己的错误;在一次学校篮球赛上,两人重逢,Grant 主动上前求和,Patrick 表示好朋友之间无需道歉,彼此理解就好;最终两人达成承诺,约定先完成作业再一起打篮球,重拾友谊。
第 40 题:①语境分析:Grant 想抄作业被拒,内心不满,认为 Patrick 的拒绝理由(“学习更重要”)是“不帮忙的借口”,“excuse”意为“借口”,精准匹配 Grant 愤怒、不理解的情绪。②排除干扰项:A(advice,建议)——Patrick 的话是拒绝而非建议;B(prediction,预测)、C(prize,奖品)均与“拒绝帮忙”的场景无关,故选 D。③提示:结合人物情绪(如本题 Grant 的“angrily”)可快速锁定符合负面态度的词汇。
第 44 题:①本题关键是识别中考高频谚语“A friend is easier lost than found”,意为“朋友易失不易得”,直接对应“lost”(失去),这是完形填空中“固定谚语搭配”的典型考点,需重点记忆。②排除干扰项:A(described,描述)、B(helped,帮助)、C(controlled,控制)均无法与“found”构成符合逻辑的谚语表达,且与“父母劝说珍惜友谊”的语境不符,故选 D。
第 48 题:①逻辑关系分析:前文“He tried to say something”(他想说些什么)与后文“the words were stuck in his throat”(话卡在喉咙里)是转折关系——心里想表达,但实际做不到。②排除干扰项:A(so,所以)表因果,B(or,或者)表选择,C(if,如果)表条件,均无法匹配“想做却没做到”的转折逻辑,故选 D。
第 49 题:①主旨关联:文章核心是“真正的友谊无需过多解释”,前文“Good friends don't need to say sorry”(好朋友不需要说对不起)承接后文“Their friends just understand”(他们的朋友彼此理解),体现友谊的“默契”,与主旨高度契合。②排除干扰项:A(wait,等待)、B(care,关心)、D(volunteer,自愿)均未体现“无需道歉的相互包容”,且与前文逻辑脱节,故选 C。
第 50 题:①固定搭配+语境:“make a promise”是中考高频固定短语,意为“许下承诺”,后文“They would finish their homework first and play basketball after”(他们约定先完成作业再打篮球)是具体的承诺内容,符合语境。②排除干扰项:B(list,清单)——“make a list”是“列清单”,无“约定”含义;C(report,报告)、D(guess,猜测)均与“两人达成共识”的逻辑不符,故选 A。
41.C 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.B
46.A 47.C 48.D 49.C 50.A
【完形填空】
文章讲述了从小就是挚友的 Patrick 和 Grant,因 Grant 想抄作业被 Patrick 拒绝而发生争吵,之后两人陷入冷战、互不交谈;冷战期间双方都倍感失落,Grant 也意识到自己的错误;在一次学校篮球赛上,两人重逢,Grant 主动上前求和,Patrick 表示好朋友之间无需道歉,彼此理解就好;最终两人达成承诺,约定先完成作业再一起打篮球,重拾友谊。
第 40 题:①语境分析:Grant 想抄作业被拒,内心不满,认为 Patrick 的拒绝理由(“学习更重要”)是“不帮忙的借口”,“excuse”意为“借口”,精准匹配 Grant 愤怒、不理解的情绪。②排除干扰项:A(advice,建议)——Patrick 的话是拒绝而非建议;B(prediction,预测)、C(prize,奖品)均与“拒绝帮忙”的场景无关,故选 D。③提示:结合人物情绪(如本题 Grant 的“angrily”)可快速锁定符合负面态度的词汇。
第 44 题:①本题关键是识别中考高频谚语“A friend is easier lost than found”,意为“朋友易失不易得”,直接对应“lost”(失去),这是完形填空中“固定谚语搭配”的典型考点,需重点记忆。②排除干扰项:A(described,描述)、B(helped,帮助)、C(controlled,控制)均无法与“found”构成符合逻辑的谚语表达,且与“父母劝说珍惜友谊”的语境不符,故选 D。
第 48 题:①逻辑关系分析:前文“He tried to say something”(他想说些什么)与后文“the words were stuck in his throat”(话卡在喉咙里)是转折关系——心里想表达,但实际做不到。②排除干扰项:A(so,所以)表因果,B(or,或者)表选择,C(if,如果)表条件,均无法匹配“想做却没做到”的转折逻辑,故选 D。
第 49 题:①主旨关联:文章核心是“真正的友谊无需过多解释”,前文“Good friends don't need to say sorry”(好朋友不需要说对不起)承接后文“Their friends just understand”(他们的朋友彼此理解),体现友谊的“默契”,与主旨高度契合。②排除干扰项:A(wait,等待)、B(care,关心)、D(volunteer,自愿)均未体现“无需道歉的相互包容”,且与前文逻辑脱节,故选 C。
第 50 题:①固定搭配+语境:“make a promise”是中考高频固定短语,意为“许下承诺”,后文“They would finish their homework first and play basketball after”(他们约定先完成作业再打篮球)是具体的承诺内容,符合语境。②排除干扰项:B(list,清单)——“make a list”是“列清单”,无“约定”含义;C(report,报告)、D(guess,猜测)均与“两人达成共识”的逻辑不符,故选 A。
解析
【分析】做完形填空需遵循“通读全文→逐题分析→回读验证”的思路：1. 先快速通读短文，把握文章主旨（本文讲述好友Patrick与Grant因抄作业争执后冷战，最终和解并达成约定的故事）；2. 逐题结合上下文语境、词汇词义、固定搭配、逻辑关系等分析选项，排除不符合语境的干扰项；3. 完成所有题目后回读全文，检查语句通顺度与逻辑连贯性。
【解析】36. 前文提到两人是最好的朋友，转折后表示他们不再交流，“stop talking”符合语境，故选C。
37. 此处表示“当他们放学走回家时”，while引导时间状语从句，强调动作同时发生，故选B。
38. basketball属于体育运动，“one of + 可数名词复数”，sports符合，故选B。
39. Patrick拒绝抄作业，认为要分清什么更重要，important符合语境，故选D。
40. Grant不满Patrick的拒绝，认为这是“不帮忙的借口”，excuse符合，故选D。
41. Grant因被拒绝而生气，angrily符合情绪，故选C。
42. Patrick认为给作业让对方抄不是帮忙，giving符合，故选A。
43. 冷战期间两人都感觉不好，bad符合，故选C。
44. 考查固定谚语“A friend is easier lost than found”，意为“朋友易失不易得”，lost符合，故选D。
45. Grant意识到是自己的错，mistake符合，故选B。
46. Patrick去操场看球员，watch符合，故选A。
47. Grant主动过来，came over符合，故选C。
48. 前半句“想说话”与后半句“话卡在喉咙”是转折关系，but符合，故选D。
49. 好朋友无需道歉，彼此理解，understand符合主旨，故选C。
50. “make a promise”是固定搭配，意为“许下承诺”，后文是承诺内容，故选A。
【答案】36.C 37.B 38.B 39.D 40.D 41.C 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.B 46.A 47.C 48.D 49.C 50.A
【知识点】完形填空语境理解、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本文以学生真实的友谊故事为素材，贴近初中生生活，考查核心词汇运用、固定搭配、逻辑关系及谚语掌握，同时引导学生感悟友谊的真谛，是一道兼具知识性与教育性的完形填空真题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】36. 前文提到两人是最好的朋友，转折后表示他们不再交流，“stop talking”符合语境，故选C。
37. 此处表示“当他们放学走回家时”，while引导时间状语从句，强调动作同时发生，故选B。
38. basketball属于体育运动，“one of + 可数名词复数”，sports符合，故选B。
39. Patrick拒绝抄作业，认为要分清什么更重要，important符合语境，故选D。
40. Grant不满Patrick的拒绝，认为这是“不帮忙的借口”，excuse符合，故选D。
41. Grant因被拒绝而生气，angrily符合情绪，故选C。
42. Patrick认为给作业让对方抄不是帮忙，giving符合，故选A。
43. 冷战期间两人都感觉不好，bad符合，故选C。
44. 考查固定谚语“A friend is easier lost than found”，意为“朋友易失不易得”，lost符合，故选D。
45. Grant意识到是自己的错，mistake符合，故选B。
46. Patrick去操场看球员，watch符合，故选A。
47. Grant主动过来，came over符合，故选C。
48. 前半句“想说话”与后半句“话卡在喉咙”是转折关系，but符合，故选D。
49. 好朋友无需道歉，彼此理解，understand符合主旨，故选C。
50. “make a promise”是固定搭配，意为“许下承诺”，后文是承诺内容，故选A。
【答案】36.C 37.B 38.B 39.D 40.D 41.C 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.B 46.A 47.C 48.D 49.C 50.A
【知识点】完形填空语境理解、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本文以学生真实的友谊故事为素材，贴近初中生生活，考查核心词汇运用、固定搭配、逻辑关系及谚语掌握，同时引导学生感悟友谊的真谛，是一道兼具知识性与教育性的完形填空真题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
