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八、阅读理解。
People love shells（贝壳）. In the past, people used shells to make objects like mirrors, tables and chairs more beautiful. Today people in Pingtan, Fujian are turning shells into artworks. Jiang Xinzhong makes one of the best shell carvings in Pingtan.
Jiang got to know the traditional craft in 1955 at the age of 12. That day, his Art teacher led the class to pick up shells on the beach and they made artworks by themselves. “Ever since I got in touch with the craft, I haven't thought of dropping it,” Jiang said. “That's how the whole thing started.”
Though shell carvings are beautiful, it is difficult to make them. Some parts of shells are fragile and people may break them easily. “So we should always be careful,” Jiang said.
Pingtan shell carving was named a provincial intangible cultural heritage in Fujian in 2019. Two years later, Jiang set up his shell carving art museum. “I hope to pass down this traditional craft to more people, especially the young,” Jiang said.
1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. How Jiang started to learn about shell carving.
B. How Jiang felt about his trip to the beach.
C. How Jiang chose a nice shell for carving.
D. How Jiang made a shell carving.
2. What does the word “fragile” mean?
A. Old.
B. Easy to break.
C. Clean.
D. New.
3. What can we learn about Jiang Xinzhong?
A. He makes shell carvings in Putian, Fujian.
B. He started carving shells when he was 10.
C. He is careful when he makes shell carvings.
D. He has some shell carving stores in Fujian.
People love shells（贝壳）. In the past, people used shells to make objects like mirrors, tables and chairs more beautiful. Today people in Pingtan, Fujian are turning shells into artworks. Jiang Xinzhong makes one of the best shell carvings in Pingtan.
Jiang got to know the traditional craft in 1955 at the age of 12. That day, his Art teacher led the class to pick up shells on the beach and they made artworks by themselves. “Ever since I got in touch with the craft, I haven't thought of dropping it,” Jiang said. “That's how the whole thing started.”
Though shell carvings are beautiful, it is difficult to make them. Some parts of shells are fragile and people may break them easily. “So we should always be careful,” Jiang said.
Pingtan shell carving was named a provincial intangible cultural heritage in Fujian in 2019. Two years later, Jiang set up his shell carving art museum. “I hope to pass down this traditional craft to more people, especially the young,” Jiang said.
1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. How Jiang started to learn about shell carving.
B. How Jiang felt about his trip to the beach.
C. How Jiang chose a nice shell for carving.
D. How Jiang made a shell carving.
2. What does the word “fragile” mean?
A. Old.
B. Easy to break.
C. Clean.
D. New.
3. What can we learn about Jiang Xinzhong?
A. He makes shell carvings in Putian, Fujian.
B. He started carving shells when he was 10.
C. He is careful when he makes shell carvings.
D. He has some shell carving stores in Fujian.
答案
八、1. A 段落大意题。根据“That's how the whole thing started.”可知,本段主要介绍了蒋心忠是如何开始了解贝雕的。
2. B 词义猜测题。根据“Some parts of shells are fragile and people may break them easily.”可知,贝壳的某些部分是很容易被打碎的,选项 B 符合词义。
3. C 推理判断题。根据 it is difficult to make them 和 So we should always be careful 可知,蒋心忠在做贝雕时很小心。
2. B 词义猜测题。根据“Some parts of shells are fragile and people may break them easily.”可知,贝壳的某些部分是很容易被打碎的,选项 B 符合词义。
3. C 推理判断题。根据 it is difficult to make them 和 So we should always be careful 可知,蒋心忠在做贝雕时很小心。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍福建平潭贝雕非遗传承人蒋心忠的阅读理解题，三道题分别对应段落大意、词义猜测、细节推理三类常见阅读题型。解题时首先要根据题干关键词定位到原文对应位置：第1题问第二段主旨，先通读第二段，找到段落核心是讲蒋心忠初次接触贝雕的经历，结合段尾的“这就是整件事的开端”就能直接对应正确选项；第2题词义猜测题，直接看划线词所在句子的后半句，后半句是对划线词的解释说明，很容易推出词义；第3题需要逐个把选项和原文内容比对，排除和原文不符的错误选项，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位到文章第二段，该段完整讲述了1955年12岁的蒋心忠在美术老师的带领下到海滩捡拾贝壳、亲手制作贝壳艺术品，从此再也没有放弃这项工艺的经历，段末也明确点出“这就是整件事的开端”，核心是介绍蒋心忠是如何开始了解贝雕的，B选项“他去海滩旅行的感受”、C选项“他如何挑选适合雕刻的好贝壳”、D选项“他如何制作一件贝雕”都未在第二段提及，因此选A。
2. 划线单词fragile所在句的后半句“people may break them easily（人们很容易把它们打碎）”是对该词的补充解释，说明贝壳的部分属性是容易破碎，因此fragile的含义是“容易破碎的”，A“旧的”、C“干净的”、D“新的”均不符合语境，因此选B。
3. 逐一比对选项和原文信息：
A选项：原文提到蒋心忠是福建平潭的贝雕艺人，并非莆田，表述错误；
B选项：原文提到蒋心忠1955年12岁时初次接触贝雕工艺，并非10岁就开始雕刻贝壳，表述错误；
C选项：原文提到贝雕制作难度很高，蒋心忠明确表示“所以我们必须一直小心”，说明他制作贝雕时十分谨慎仔细，表述正确；
D选项：原文提到蒋心忠开设了贝雕艺术博物馆，并没有提到他在福建有贝雕门店，表述错误。
因此本题选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，段落大意把握
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的记叙文类阅读，既考察了学生基础的信息查找、文意理解能力，也融入了非物质文化遗产相关的文化科普内容，解题的核心技巧是所有选项都要在原文中找到对应的依据，避免脱离原文主观臆断。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍福建平潭贝雕非遗传承人蒋心忠的阅读理解题，三道题分别对应段落大意、词义猜测、细节推理三类常见阅读题型。解题时首先要根据题干关键词定位到原文对应位置：第1题问第二段主旨，先通读第二段，找到段落核心是讲蒋心忠初次接触贝雕的经历，结合段尾的“这就是整件事的开端”就能直接对应正确选项；第2题词义猜测题，直接看划线词所在句子的后半句，后半句是对划线词的解释说明，很容易推出词义；第3题需要逐个把选项和原文内容比对，排除和原文不符的错误选项，就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位到文章第二段，该段完整讲述了1955年12岁的蒋心忠在美术老师的带领下到海滩捡拾贝壳、亲手制作贝壳艺术品，从此再也没有放弃这项工艺的经历，段末也明确点出“这就是整件事的开端”，核心是介绍蒋心忠是如何开始了解贝雕的，B选项“他去海滩旅行的感受”、C选项“他如何挑选适合雕刻的好贝壳”、D选项“他如何制作一件贝雕”都未在第二段提及，因此选A。
2. 划线单词fragile所在句的后半句“people may break them easily（人们很容易把它们打碎）”是对该词的补充解释，说明贝壳的部分属性是容易破碎，因此fragile的含义是“容易破碎的”，A“旧的”、C“干净的”、D“新的”均不符合语境，因此选B。
3. 逐一比对选项和原文信息：
A选项：原文提到蒋心忠是福建平潭的贝雕艺人，并非莆田，表述错误；
B选项：原文提到蒋心忠1955年12岁时初次接触贝雕工艺，并非10岁就开始雕刻贝壳，表述错误；
C选项：原文提到贝雕制作难度很高，蒋心忠明确表示“所以我们必须一直小心”，说明他制作贝雕时十分谨慎仔细，表述正确；
D选项：原文提到蒋心忠开设了贝雕艺术博物馆，并没有提到他在福建有贝雕门店，表述错误。
因此本题选C。
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，段落大意把握
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的记叙文类阅读，既考察了学生基础的信息查找、文意理解能力，也融入了非物质文化遗产相关的文化科普内容，解题的核心技巧是所有选项都要在原文中找到对应的依据，避免脱离原文主观臆断。
【难度系数】
0.7
