Ⅰ. 用方框中所给的单词填空。
tourism economic Eastern
melt frozen
1. culture is very different from Western culture.
2. Winter in Harbin is so cold that rivers and lakes are all .
3. Red is becoming a hot travel topic.
4. The government is trying to improve the country's growth.
5. As soon as the sun rose, the snow on the trees began to .

1. Eastern 2. frozen 3. tourism 4. economic 5. melt

【分析】
解题思路：先明确方框内单词的词性与词义：tourism（名词，旅游业）、economic（形容词，经济的）、Eastern（形容词，东方的）、melt（动词，融化）、frozen（形容词，冰冻的）；再结合每个句子的语境，判断空缺处所需的词性和语义，匹配对应单词完成填空。
【解析】
1. 空缺处修饰名词culture，需形容词，结合句中“Western（西方的）”的对应关系，选Eastern（东方的），构成“东方文化”，符合语境。
2. 空缺处描述江河湖泊的状态，需形容词，结合“哈尔滨冬天很冷”的语境，选frozen（冰冻的），表示江河湖都结冰了。
3. 空缺处作主语，需名词，结合“热门旅游话题”的语境，选tourism（旅游业），Red tourism是固定搭配，指红色旅游。
4. 空缺处修饰名词growth，需形容词，结合“政府改善国家……增长”的语境，选economic（经济的），economic growth是固定搭配，指经济增长。
5. 空缺处在begin to后，需动词原形，结合“树上的雪”的语境，选melt（融化），表示雪开始融化。
【答案】
1. Eastern 2. frozen 3. tourism 4. economic 5. melt
【知识点】
词汇语境运用、形容词用法、动词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇在具体语境中的运用，涉及形容词修饰名词、动词不定式等基础语法搭配，是英语词汇填空的常见题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. As she practised more, she (gain) in confidence.
2. The workers came and checked the gas (pipe).
3. A radio message (send) across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901.
4. Both of the robot's (wheel) are made of metal.
5. Paper (improve) in the Eastern Han Dynasty and it is our national treasure.

1. gained 2. pipes 3. was sent 4. wheels 5. was improved

【分析】本题为英语用所给单词适当形式填空题，需结合句子时态、名词单复数、被动语态等语法规则逐一分析：1. 根据前半句的过去式practised，确定主句用一般过去时；2. gas pipe为可数名词，工人检查的管道不止一根，需用复数；3. 主语radio message是动作send的承受者，结合过去时间状语in 1901，需用一般过去时的被动语态；4. both后接可数名词复数；5. 主语paper是动作improve的承受者，结合过去时间状语in the Eastern Han Dynasty，需用一般过去时的被动语态。
【解析】1. 由前半句practised（过去式）可知，句子描述过去的动作，故将动词gain变为过去式gained；2. pipe是可数名词，此处表复数概念，故用复数pipes；3. 主语a radio message是send的承受者，时间状语in 1901表过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态was sent；4. both后需接可数名词复数，故wheel变wheels；5. 主语paper是improve的承受者，时间状语in the Eastern Han Dynasty表过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态was improved。
【答案】1. gained 2. pipes 3. was sent 4. wheels 5. was improved
【知识点】一般过去时、名词复数、被动语态
【点评】本题考查基础英语语法应用，涵盖时态、名词数、被动语态等核心考点，题型常规，适合巩固基础语法。
【难度系数】0.7

Ⅲ. 根据中文意思完成英语句子。
1. 信息通过收音机在几秒钟内传遍世界。
News could around the world in seconds by radio.
2. 青藏铁路于2006年竣工。
The Qinghai-Xizang Railway in 2006.
3. 中国因其悠久的历史和丰富的文化而闻名于世。
China is famous for its long history and rich culture.
4. 我们不应该嘲笑那些失败的人。
We're laugh at those who fail.

1. be spread 2. was completed 3. all over the world 4. not supposed to

【分析】
本题为根据中文完成英语句子的题型，主要考查被动语态、固定短语及固定句型的运用。解题时需先分析句子的主被动关系、时态，再结合中文含义匹配对应的英语表达：第1题主语“News”是动作“传播”的承受者，需用被动语态；第2题主语“青藏铁路”是“竣工”的承受者，结合过去时间用一般过去时被动语态；第3题需匹配“全世界”的固定短语；第4题需匹配“不应该做某事”的固定句型。
【解析】
1. 主语News与动词spread是被动关系，情态动词could后接被动结构“be + 过去分词”，故填be spread；
2. 主语青藏铁路与complete是被动关系，时间为2006年（过去），用一般过去时被动语态“was + 过去分词”，故填was completed；
3. “全世界”的固定短语为all over the world，符合中文意思，故填all over the world；
4. “不应该做某事”的固定句型为be not supposed to do sth，故填not supposed to。
【答案】
1. be spread 2. was completed 3. all over the world 4. not supposed to
【知识点】
被动语态、固定短语搭配、固定句型
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法与常用固定表达，题型常见，需掌握被动语态的基本用法和核心固定搭配。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅳ. 按要求完成下列句子。
1. I was supposed to arrive at 8:00.（对画线部分提问）
you supposed to arrive?
2. My parents never allow me to hang out with my friends late at night.（改为被动语态）
never to hang out with my friends late at night by my parents.
3. They use the back door as an exit.（改为被动语态）
The back door an exit by them.
4. The police found the lost child crying in the park.（改为被动语态）
The lost child crying in the park by the police.
5. We were invited to a party by our friends yesterday.（改为主动语态）
Our friends a party yesterday.

1. When were 2. I'm；allowed 3. is used as 4. was found 5. invited us to

【分析】本题为英语句型转换题，共5小题，分别考查对时间提问的特殊疑问句转换、主动句变被动句、被动句变主动句的规则。解题时需先明确每道题的句式要求，再结合对应语法规则调整结构：第1题对时间提问用When，原句时态为一般过去时，主语对应you，be动词用were；第2题将主动句（主语my parents）变被动句，主语变为I，一般现在时被动结构为am+过去分词；第3题主动句变被动句，主语the back door为单数，一般现在时被动结构为is+used，as表“作为”；第4题主动句变被动句，时态为一般过去时，主语the lost child为单数，被动结构为was+found；第5题将被动句变主动句，主动者为our friends，谓语用invite的过去式invited，宾语为us，保留不定式to。
【解析】1. 对画线部分（时间8:00）提问，用疑问词When，原句是一般过去时的“be supposed to”结构，主语变为you，be动词用were，提前至主语前，故填When were。
2. 主动句变被动句，原句宾语me作被动句主语，对应be动词am，allow的过去分词为allowed，缩写为I'm allowed，故填I'm；allowed。
3. 主动句变被动句，主语the back door为单数，一般现在时被动结构为“is+过去分词”，use的过去分词为used，as表“作为”，故填is used as。
4. 主动句变被动句，时态为一般过去时，主语the lost child为单数，被动结构为“was+过去分词”，find的过去分词为found，故填was found。
5. 被动句变主动句，主动者our friends作主语，invite的过去式为invited，宾语为us，保留不定式to，故填invited us to。
【答案】1. When were 2. I'm；allowed 3. is used as 4. was found 5. invited us to
【知识点】特殊疑问句转换、被动语态转换、主动语态转换
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础句型转换，涵盖特殊疑问句、主动与被动语态的核心规则，题型常规，难度较低，适合巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅴ. 完形填空。
Are you interested in making new things? 1 always play an important role in our lives. They make our lives more 2 and much easier than before. Recently, a university project has helped two young women 3 a great idea for a difficult problem. Julia and Jessica are students at Harvard University. One day, their teacher said, “I want you to
solve a global problem about the energy sources (能源). Who can finish this task? You might 4 it's too hard, but believe in yourselves!”
Julia and Jessica wanted to take that challenge. So, they answered, “We decided to accept the difficult task.” Before they began, they first studied many different 5 with few energy sources.
They found that children in these countries all like playing sport, especially soccer. After 6 this phenomenon (现象), Julia and Jessica decided to create a new energy source that has to do with soccer.
They spent six months working with their friends to make a soccer ball with a battery (电池) in it. It took them a long time, but it 7 turned out to be a big success. They knew the soccer was exactly 8 they wanted. They named it the SOCCKET and showed it to the users.
When the players 9 the ball, the battery inside got the energy from the ball's movement. After the game, the players used the energy in the battery to make the smartphones 10. It is fantastic that a simple project can make our lives better!
1. A. Discoveries B. Secrets
C. Inventions D. Reports ()
2. A. boring B. colourful
C. difficult D. careful ()
3. A. come up with B. look forward to
C. run out of D. keep away from ()
4. A. express B. suppose
C. mind D. suggest ()
5. A. areas B. towns
C. cities D. countries ()
6. A. making B. doubting
C. noticing D. ignoring ()
7. A. hardly B. easily
C. quickly D. finally ()
8. A. what B. where
C. how D. why ()
9. A. broke B. kicked
C. lost D. bought ()
10. A. study B. use
C. work D. repair ()

1－5 CBABD 6－10 CDABC

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨（本文讲述两位哈佛学生结合儿童爱踢足球的现象，发明带储能电池的足球获取能源的故事），再逐空结合语境、词义辨析、固定搭配、语法知识解题：1. 由前文“making new things”对应发明类名词；2. 发明让生活更美好，选积极形容词；3. 对应“想出主意”的固定搭配；4. 选表“认为”含义的动词；5. 由后文“these countries”对应；6. 选表“注意到”现象的动词；7. 选表“最终”结果的副词；8. 表语从句缺宾语用what；9. 对应踢球产生能量的语境；10. 对应电池让手机运行的逻辑。
【解析】
1. 考查名词辨析：A. Discoveries（发现）；B. Secrets（秘密）；C. Inventions（发明）；D. Reports（报告），前文“making new things”对应发明，选C。
2. 考查形容词辨析：A. boring（无聊的）；B. colourful（丰富多彩的）；C. difficult（困难的）；D. careful（仔细的），发明让生活更丰富多彩，选B。
3. 考查固定搭配：A. come up with（想出）；B. look forward to（期待）；C. run out of（用完）；D. keep away from（远离），此处指想出解决问题的主意，选A。
4. 考查动词辨析：A. express（表达）；B. suppose（认为）；C. mind（介意）；D. suggest（建议），句意为“你可能认为它太难”，选B。
5. 考查名词辨析：A. areas（地区）；B. towns（城镇）；C. cities（城市）；D. countries（国家），后文提到“children in these countries”，对应选D。
6. 考查动词辨析：A. making（制作）；B. doubting（怀疑）；C. noticing（注意到）；D. ignoring（忽视），此处指注意到孩子爱踢足球的现象，选C。
7. 考查副词辨析：A. hardly（几乎不）；B. easily（容易地）；C. quickly（快速地）；D. finally（最终），句意为“最终取得巨大成功”，选D。
8. 考查表语从句：从句缺宾语，用what引导指代“想要的东西”，选A。
9. 考查动词辨析：A. broke（打破）；B. kicked（踢）；C. lost（丢失）；D. bought（买），踢球时球运动产生能量，选B。
10. 考查动词辨析：A. study（学习）；B. use（使用）；C. work（运行）；D. repair（修理），电池能量让手机运行，选C。
【答案】
1－5 CBABD 6－10 CDABC
【知识点】
完形填空、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文是科技类记叙文完形填空，围绕两位学生的发明展开，侧重考查词汇辨析、固定搭配及语境理解，需结合上下文逻辑推理解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5