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Ⅴ. 阅读理解
阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Zhang Heng was a great scientist in ancient China. He lived about 2,000 years ago in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhang Heng liked to watch the stars and study the sky. He spent many nights looking at the stars and thinking about how they moved. He wrote down his ideas in books. These ideas helped people learn more about the sky. Zhang Heng also drew the first star map in China. It showed the positions（位置）of stars and helped people understand the sky better.
Zhang Heng was not only good at studying stars. He also invented a special machine. This machine could tell when an earthquake happened. It was the first earthquake machine in the world. The machine had a ball inside, and when an earthquake came, the ball would fall out. People could know the earthquake direction（方向）by the ball’s falling position. Zhang Heng’s invention was very useful and helped save lives.
Zhang Heng worked very hard and asked many questions about the world. He looked for answers and tried to solve problems. His work helped people in many ways. People remember Zhang Heng as one of the greatest scientists in Chinese history. His ideas and inventions are still important today. His curiosity and hard work inspire（激励）people to learn and explore.
1. When did Zhang Heng live?
A. In the Tang Dynasty.
B. In the Eastern Han Dynasty.
C. In the Ming Dynasty.
D. In the Qing Dynasty.
2. What did Zhang Heng like to do at night?
A. He liked to write books.
B. He liked to study the history.
C. He liked to watch the stars and study the sky.
D. He liked to draw pictures of animals.
3. What was Zhang Heng’s earthquake machine used for?
A. To draw star maps.
B. To show the direction of an earthquake.
C. To study the movement of stars.
D. To tell the time.
4. How could people know the direction of an earthquake with Zhang Heng’s machine?
A. By looking at the stars.
B. By listening to the sound of the machine.
C. By looking at the ball’s falling position.
D. By reading Zhang Heng’s books.
5. Why do people remember Zhang Heng as a great scientist?
A. Because he wrote many books about animals.
B. Because he worked hard and made useful inventions.
C. Because he was very rich and powerful.
D. Because he traveled to many places.
阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Zhang Heng was a great scientist in ancient China. He lived about 2,000 years ago in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhang Heng liked to watch the stars and study the sky. He spent many nights looking at the stars and thinking about how they moved. He wrote down his ideas in books. These ideas helped people learn more about the sky. Zhang Heng also drew the first star map in China. It showed the positions（位置）of stars and helped people understand the sky better.
Zhang Heng was not only good at studying stars. He also invented a special machine. This machine could tell when an earthquake happened. It was the first earthquake machine in the world. The machine had a ball inside, and when an earthquake came, the ball would fall out. People could know the earthquake direction（方向）by the ball’s falling position. Zhang Heng’s invention was very useful and helped save lives.
Zhang Heng worked very hard and asked many questions about the world. He looked for answers and tried to solve problems. His work helped people in many ways. People remember Zhang Heng as one of the greatest scientists in Chinese history. His ideas and inventions are still important today. His curiosity and hard work inspire（激励）people to learn and explore.
1. When did Zhang Heng live?
A. In the Tang Dynasty.
B. In the Eastern Han Dynasty.
C. In the Ming Dynasty.
D. In the Qing Dynasty.
2. What did Zhang Heng like to do at night?
A. He liked to write books.
B. He liked to study the history.
C. He liked to watch the stars and study the sky.
D. He liked to draw pictures of animals.
3. What was Zhang Heng’s earthquake machine used for?
A. To draw star maps.
B. To show the direction of an earthquake.
C. To study the movement of stars.
D. To tell the time.
4. How could people know the direction of an earthquake with Zhang Heng’s machine?
A. By looking at the stars.
B. By listening to the sound of the machine.
C. By looking at the ball’s falling position.
D. By reading Zhang Heng’s books.
5. Why do people remember Zhang Heng as a great scientist?
A. Because he wrote many books about animals.
B. Because he worked hard and made useful inventions.
C. Because he was very rich and powerful.
D. Because he traveled to many places.
答案
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B
解析
【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解细节题，需先通读全文把握大意，再针对每个小题的问题提取关键词，回到原文定位对应句子，匹配信息选出答案。比如第1题抓关键词“when”“live”，第2题抓“like to do at night”，依次定位原文对应内容即可解题。
【解析】
1. 题干问张衡生活的朝代，原文第一段第二句明确提到“in the Eastern Han Dynasty”，对应选项B；
2. 题干问张衡晚上喜欢做的事，原文第一段第三句“Zhang Heng liked to watch the stars and study the sky”，对应选项C；
3. 题干问地震仪的用途，原文第二段说明该机器可告知地震发生、确定地震方向，对应选项B；
4. 题干问如何知晓地震方向，原文第二段最后一句提到“by the ball’s falling position”，对应选项C；
5. 题干问人们记住张衡的原因，原文第三段提到他努力工作且有实用发明，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】
本文介绍中国古代科学家张衡的成就，题目均为细节理解题，只要仔细阅读原文定位关键信息即可解答，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.2
做这类英语阅读理解细节题，需先通读全文把握大意，再针对每个小题的问题提取关键词，回到原文定位对应句子，匹配信息选出答案。比如第1题抓关键词“when”“live”，第2题抓“like to do at night”，依次定位原文对应内容即可解题。
【解析】
1. 题干问张衡生活的朝代，原文第一段第二句明确提到“in the Eastern Han Dynasty”，对应选项B；
2. 题干问张衡晚上喜欢做的事，原文第一段第三句“Zhang Heng liked to watch the stars and study the sky”，对应选项C；
3. 题干问地震仪的用途，原文第二段说明该机器可告知地震发生、确定地震方向，对应选项B；
4. 题干问如何知晓地震方向，原文第二段最后一句提到“by the ball’s falling position”，对应选项C；
5. 题干问人们记住张衡的原因，原文第三段提到他努力工作且有实用发明，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】
本文介绍中国古代科学家张衡的成就，题目均为细节理解题，只要仔细阅读原文定位关键信息即可解答，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.2
