2026年学习质量监测八年级英语上册外研版第49页答案
Ⅱ.选词填空
从方框中选择合适的词汇并用其适当的形式填空,使每个句子通顺、意思完整。每个词汇限用一次。
lend, invent, talent, fix, pioneer
1. She showed great
talent
in music at an early age.
2. Thomas Edison helped to
invent
the light bulb.
3. Wan Hu is a
pioneer
in the field of space travel.
4. Could you
lend
me your ruler?
5. I need someone to help me
fix
my bike.

答案

1. talent 2. invent 3. pioneer 4. lend 5. fix

解析

【分析】
先通读每个句子理解句意,明确空格处所需的词性和词义;再结合方框内的词汇,根据语境、词性匹配,同时遵循每个词汇限用一次的要求,选出合适的词填空。
【解析】
1. 句意为“她很小就展现出在音乐方面的极大天赋”,形容词great后需接名词,方框中talent(天赋)符合,故填talent。
2. 句意为“托马斯·爱迪生帮助发明了灯泡”,help to do sth.结构需填动词原形,invent(发明)符合,故填invent。
3. 句意为“万户是太空旅行领域的先驱”,pioneer(先驱)符合语境,故填pioneer。
4. 句意为“你能借我你的尺子吗?”,情态动词could后接动词原形,lend(借出)符合,故填lend。
5. 句意为“我需要有人帮我修自行车”,help sb. (to) do sth.结构需填动词原形,fix(修理)符合,故填fix。
【答案】
1. talent 2. invent 3. pioneer 4. lend 5. fix
【知识点】
词汇词义辨析;动词与名词的用法
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题,考查核心词汇的词义及词性运用,需结合句意和固定搭配选择词汇,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
用括号里所给的词汇将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 他对科学充满好奇。( have a deep curiosity )
He has a deep curiosity about science.
.
2. 避雷针是世界上最伟大的发明之一。( lightning rod )
The lightning rod is one of the greatest inventions in the world.
.
3. 冒险可以帮助你成长并学习新事物。( take risks )
Taking risks can help you grow and learn new things.
.
4. 唱完歌后,她继续练习跳舞。( continue to do )
After singing, she continued to practice dancing.
.
5. 雨衣能保护你免受大雨的侵袭。( protect from )
The raincoat can protect you from the heavy rain.
.

答案

1. He has a deep curiosity about science.
2. The lightning rod is one of the greatest inventions in the world.
3. Taking risks can help you grow and learn new things.
4. After singing, she continued to practice dancing.
5. The raincoat can protect you from the heavy rain.

解析

【分析】
本题为汉译英题型,要求严格使用括号内给定词汇完成翻译,解题思路如下:1. 确定每句的主语、时态;2. 套用括号内短语的固定搭配;3. 调整符合英语语法规则(如主谓一致、非谓语动词、最高级结构等)。具体到每道题:第1题需用have a deep curiosity about的搭配,主语he对应第三人称单数形式;第2题需用one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数的结构;第3题take risks作主语需变为动名词形式;第4题需用continue to do结构,结合语境用一般过去时;第5题需用protect sb from sth的搭配,修饰大雨用heavy rain。
【解析】
1. 主语为he,括号内短语have a deep curiosity后接介词about,主语为第三人称单数,故用has,译为He has a deep curiosity about science;
2. 主语为the lightning rod,“最伟大的发明之一”用one of the greatest inventions,搭配地点状语in the world,译为The lightning rod is one of the greatest inventions in the world;
3. 动词短语take risks作主语需用动名词形式Taking risks,结合help sb do sth结构,译为Taking risks can help you grow and learn new things;
4. “唱完歌后”用After singing作时间状语,“继续练习跳舞”用continue to practice dancing,结合语境用一般过去时,译为After singing, she continued to practice dancing;
5. “雨衣”对应the raincoat,“保护你免受大雨侵袭”用protect you from the heavy rain,译为The raincoat can protect you from the heavy rain。
【答案】
1. He has a deep curiosity about science.
2. The lightning rod is one of the greatest inventions in the world.
3. Taking risks can help you grow and learn new things.
4. After singing, she continued to practice dancing.
5. The raincoat can protect you from the heavy rain.
【知识点】
固定搭配运用、动名词作主语、形容词最高级
【点评】
本题为英语基础汉译英题,主要考察常用短语的固定搭配及简单语法规则,只要掌握括号内短语用法和基本句型即可完成,属于英语入门级题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅳ. 完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Benjamin Franklin was one of the most famous inventors in American history. As a boy, he was always full of
A
1.
He often asked questions and read many books to understand how the world worked. One day, he became interested in the nature of
C
2. He did many
C
3 to study it. One of his most famous experiments was flying a kite during a
A
4. It was dangerous, but he believed it could help him prove his idea. Luckily, he was not hurt, and the experiment was a
A
5.
This led to his invention of the
D
6. It helps protect buildings during storms.
Franklin didn’t invent things just to be famous. He always tried to find
B
7 to real problems in people’s lives. His inventions were often simple but very
D
8. People around the world still use some of them today.
He believed that learning should never
B
9 and that curiosity was the key to progress.
So asking questions and trying new things can make a big
C
10 in the world.
1. A. curiosity B. trouble C. science D. electricity
2. A. history B. moonlight C. electricity D. sunlight
3. A. reports B. studies C. experiments D. lessons
4. A. storm B. accident C. earthquake D. flood
5. A. success B. message C. test D. risk
6. A. robot B. lamp C. telephone D. lightning rod
7. A. questions B. answers C. machines D. ways
8. A. helpless B. useless C. dangerous D. useful
9. A. return B. stop C. change D. pass
10. A. plan B. invention C. difference D. point

答案

1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C

解析

【分析】
首先通读全文,明确文章主旨是介绍本杰明·富兰克林的好奇心、科学实验及相关发明。解题时需结合上下文语境、词汇含义、固定搭配及常识逐一分析每个空:1. 由后文“经常问问题”可判断是好奇心;2. 结合富兰克林风筝实验的背景,可知研究的是电;3. 富兰克林做科学研究常用实验;4. 风筝实验需在暴风雨中进行;5. 实验未受伤说明成功;6. 保护建筑在暴风雨中的发明是避雷针;7. 对应“问题”需找答案;8. 富兰克林的发明实用;9. 学习应持续不停止;10. 固定搭配“make a difference”表示有影响。
【解析】
1. 考查名词词义辨析:curiosity(好奇心)、trouble(麻烦)、science(科学)、electricity(电),后文提到富兰克林经常问问题,体现他充满好奇心,故选A。
2. 考查名词词义辨析:history(历史)、moonlight(月光)、electricity(电)、sunlight(阳光),结合富兰克林著名的风筝实验(研究电的本质),可知他对电的本质感兴趣,故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析:reports(报告)、studies(学习)、experiments(实验)、lessons(课程),富兰克林研究科学常用实验,故选C。
4. 考查名词词义辨析:storm(暴风雨)、accident(事故)、earthquake(地震)、flood(洪水),风筝实验需在暴风雨中进行,且后文提到“during storms”呼应,故选A。
5. 考查名词词义辨析:success(成功)、message(信息)、test(测试)、risk(风险),实验未受伤说明实验成功,故选A。
6. 考查名词词义辨析:robot(机器人)、lamp(灯)、telephone(电话)、lightning rod(避雷针),避雷针可保护建筑免受暴风雨影响,符合语境,故选D。
7. 考查名词词义辨析:questions(问题)、answers(答案)、machines(机器)、ways(方法),对应“real problems”,需找问题的答案,故选B。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析:helpless(无助的)、useless(无用的)、dangerous(危险的)、useful(有用的),富兰克林的发明简单且实用,至今仍被使用,故选D。
9. 考查动词词义辨析:return(返回)、stop(停止)、change(改变)、pass(通过),富兰克林认为学习应永不停止,故选B。
10. 考查固定搭配:make a difference(有影响,起作用),符合句意“提问和尝试新事物能对世界产生重大影响”,故选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C
【知识点】
完形填空、词汇辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文为人物事迹类完形填空,围绕本杰明·富兰克林的科学探索展开,考查学生对语境的理解能力及词汇、固定搭配的运用能力,线索清晰,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生巩固相关知识。
【难度系数】
0.6