17.如图16①,在正方形ABCD中,P是对角线BD上的一点,点E在AD的延长线上,且PA=PE,PE交CD于点F.小博在研究这个问题时,想到PC=PE,他写出了如下分析过程:先证出△ABP≌△CBP,得到PA=PC,由PA=PE,得到PC=PE.
(1)根据小博的分析过程证明:PC=PE;
(2)求∠CPE的度数;
(3)如图16②,把正方形ABCD改为菱形ABCD,其他条件不变,当∠ABC=120°时,连接CE,试探究线段PA与线段CE的数量关系,并说明理由.

(1)根据小博的分析过程证明:PC=PE;
(2)求∠CPE的度数;
(3)如图16②,把正方形ABCD改为菱形ABCD,其他条件不变,当∠ABC=120°时,连接CE,试探究线段PA与线段CE的数量关系,并说明理由.
答案
17.(1)证明:在正方形$ ABCD $中,$AB=BC$,$∠ ABP=∠ CBP=45°$.
在$△ ABP$和$△ CBP$中,
$\begin{cases}AB=CB,\\∠ ABP=∠ CBP,\\PB=PB,\end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABP≌△ CBP(\mathrm{SAS})$.
$\therefore PA=PC$.
$\because PA=PE$,
$\therefore PC=PE$.
(2)解:由(1)知$△ ABP≌△ CBP$,
$\therefore ∠ BAP=∠ BCP$.
$\therefore ∠ DAP=∠ DCP$.
$\because PA=PE$,
$\therefore ∠ DAP=∠ E$.
$\therefore ∠ DCP=∠ E$.
$\because ∠ CFP=∠ EFD$(对顶角相等),
$\therefore 180°-∠ PFC-∠ PCF=180°-∠ DFE-∠ E$,
即$∠ CPE=∠ EDF=90°$.
(3)解:$PA=CE$.
理由:在菱形$ ABCD $中,$AB=BC$,$∠ ABP=∠ CBP$.
在$△ ABP$和$△ CBP$中,
$\begin{cases}AB=CB,\\∠ ABP=∠ CBP,\\PB=PB,\end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABP≌△ CBP(\mathrm{SAS})$.
$\therefore PA=PC,∠ BAP=∠ BCP$.
$\therefore ∠ DAP=∠ DCP$.
$\because PA=PE$,
$\therefore PC=PE$.
$\because PA=PE$,
$\therefore ∠ DAP=∠ DEP$.
$\therefore ∠ DCP=∠ DEP$.
$\because ∠ CFP=∠ EFD$,
$\therefore ∠ CPF=∠ EDF$.
$\because ∠ ABC=∠ ADC=120°$,
$\therefore ∠ CPF=∠ EDF=180°-∠ ADC=60°$.
$\therefore △ EPC$是等边三角形.
$\therefore PC=CE$.
$\therefore PA=CE$.
在$△ ABP$和$△ CBP$中,
$\begin{cases}AB=CB,\\∠ ABP=∠ CBP,\\PB=PB,\end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABP≌△ CBP(\mathrm{SAS})$.
$\therefore PA=PC$.
$\because PA=PE$,
$\therefore PC=PE$.
(2)解:由(1)知$△ ABP≌△ CBP$,
$\therefore ∠ BAP=∠ BCP$.
$\therefore ∠ DAP=∠ DCP$.
$\because PA=PE$,
$\therefore ∠ DAP=∠ E$.
$\therefore ∠ DCP=∠ E$.
$\because ∠ CFP=∠ EFD$(对顶角相等),
$\therefore 180°-∠ PFC-∠ PCF=180°-∠ DFE-∠ E$,
即$∠ CPE=∠ EDF=90°$.
(3)解:$PA=CE$.
理由:在菱形$ ABCD $中,$AB=BC$,$∠ ABP=∠ CBP$.
在$△ ABP$和$△ CBP$中,
$\begin{cases}AB=CB,\\∠ ABP=∠ CBP,\\PB=PB,\end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABP≌△ CBP(\mathrm{SAS})$.
$\therefore PA=PC,∠ BAP=∠ BCP$.
$\therefore ∠ DAP=∠ DCP$.
$\because PA=PE$,
$\therefore PC=PE$.
$\because PA=PE$,
$\therefore ∠ DAP=∠ DEP$.
$\therefore ∠ DCP=∠ DEP$.
$\because ∠ CFP=∠ EFD$,
$\therefore ∠ CPF=∠ EDF$.
$\because ∠ ABC=∠ ADC=120°$,
$\therefore ∠ CPF=∠ EDF=180°-∠ ADC=60°$.
$\therefore △ EPC$是等边三角形.
$\therefore PC=CE$.
$\therefore PA=CE$.
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