Ⅰ. 争执与和解 David 和朋友因小组项目意见不合发生了激烈争执，但是 David 主动道歉并尝试沟通，最终双方和解。
Today was quite a busy day at school. It all started during lunch when I got into 1. argument with my friend Jack. We were both really excited about our upcoming group project and had some strong opinions about how to do it. Jack 2. (suggest) we should focus on making a model, while I thought a presentation would be better. Our disagreement quickly turned into a heated exchange of words.
I could feel my face turning red with anger and I said some things I didn't really mean. Jack looked upset and the anger 3. us was obvious. It wasn't long before the bell rang. We went back to our seats without fixing anything and I spent the next few classes 4. (feel) awful.
I couldn't concentrate on the lesson. All I could think about was the argument and how it might affect our project and friendship. I knew I had to make things right. After school, I went to Jack when he 5. (pack) up his things. I took a deep breath and apologised for my harsh words. Jack looked surprised 6. relieved(安心的). He admitted that he had also been too stubborn and apologised as well.
We sat down and talked 7. (calm). It turned out we both had good 8. (point) and we could combine our ideas for the project. By the end of our conversation, the anger had completely disappeared. We even laughed about how silly the whole argument had been.
I'm really glad we had the chance 9. (fix) things quickly. It taught me the importance of communication and the power of a sincere apology. I feel much 10. (good) now and am looking forward to working on the project with Jack.
Task: 新考法 开放性试题 What do you think plays an important role in fixing their friendship?（至少回答2点）

Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了David和Jack因小组项目意见不合发生争执,之后David主动道歉并沟通,两人最终和解并深化友谊的故事。
1. an 解析:argument是可数名词,此处泛指“一场争吵”,且argument的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
2. suggested 解析:描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。故填suggested。
3. between 解析:“... between us”意为“我们之间的……”,指两人之间的怒气。故填between。
4. feeling 解析:“spent the next few classes doing sth”是固定用法,意为“花费时间做某事”。故填feeling。
5. was packing 解析:根据when引导的时间状语从句和主句“I went to Jack”的过去时可知,此处表示他“正在收拾”东西时,“我”去找他,应用过去进行时;主语是单数,be动词用was。故填was packing。
6. but 解析:surprised(惊讶的)和relieved(安心的)之间是并列转折关系。故填but。
7. calmly 解析:修饰动词talked,应用副词形式。故填calmly。
8. points 解析:good points是固定短语,意为“优点,好的方面”。此处指两人都有好主意,应用复数。故填points。
9. to fix 解析:“the chance to do sth”是固定搭配,意为“做某事的机会”。故填to fix。
10. better 解析:feel much better(感觉好多了)符合语境,better是good的比较级。故填better。
Task: Effective communication; Sincere apology; Talking calmly; Understanding and respecting the others' feelings.(答案不唯一)解析:从故事中可以看出,David主动沟通、冷静交谈、真诚道歉,最终互相理解了对方的观点,这些都是修复友谊的重要因素。

【分析】本题分为语篇型语法填空和开放性试题两部分：1-10空需结合语篇语境、词性规则、时态要求、固定搭配等知识逐一分析；Task部分需从故事中提炼修复友谊的关键因素，答案不唯一。做语法填空时，先通读全文把握大意，再根据空格前后的词性、时态提示确定答案；开放性试题需紧扣文中人物的行为（如主动道歉、沟通等）提炼要点。
【解析】1. 空格后argument为可数名词单数，泛指“一场争吵”，且以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an；2. 描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，suggest的过去式为suggested；3. 表示“两人之间的怒气”，用介词between；4. 固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth”，故填feeling；5. when引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句表过去某时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语Jack为单数，故填was packing；6. surprised与relieved为转折关系，用连词but；7. 修饰动词talked，需用副词形式，故填calmly；8. 固定短语“good points”意为“好的方面”，此处指两人的观点，用复数points；9. 固定搭配“the chance to do sth”，故填to fix；10. much修饰比较级，good的比较级为better，故填better。Task部分：从文中人物主动道歉、冷静沟通等行为，可提炼修复友谊的重要因素，如有效沟通、真诚道歉等，合理即可。
【答案】1. an；2. suggested；3. between；4. feeling；5. was packing；6. but；7. calmly；8. points；9. to fix；10. better；Task: Effective communication and a sincere apology（答案不唯一，合理即可）
【知识点】冠词的用法、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】本题以学生熟悉的友谊故事为载体，既考查基础语法知识，又考查语篇理解与归纳能力，贴近学生生活，难度适中，能引导学生体会人际交往中沟通与道歉的重要性。
【难度系数】0.7

Ⅱ. 回避或对话 面对分歧，很多人会选择回避或强行说服对方。但研究表明，这两种方式都可能让矛盾升级。一个学生想知道在这种情况下，应该如何和朋友对话呢？
When someone has a sharply different viewpoint from our own, we naturally choose two common ways, either avoiding a conversation with that person or trying to convince(说服) them that they are wrong. Research shows there is another way: using receptive(接纳性的) language, showing that we are truly interested in a new point of view.
Many of us try to avoid disputed(有争议的) discussions. We prefer to talk with someone with similar opinions. This happens because we usually think that talking to someone who has disagreements will be more unpleasant than it actually is. When we do have to talk with people holding different views, we typically try to convince them to give up their beliefs because we think we are right and try to “win” the argument. And the other side is likely to think the same way, which leads to even more difficult problems to work through.
A more effective method is being conversationally receptive. Research shows that when we appear receptive to others' different views, our arguments sound more convincing. Receptive language can also make those with whom we disagree more receptive in return. It makes us more likable, and others more interested in partnering with us.
Researchers suggested three tips that can help us improve conversational receptiveness in even the most heated disagreements.
Recognise(承认) the other person's point of view. Say “I understand that ... ” or “I believe what you're saying is ... ” to show that you take an active part in the conversation and find value and even trust in their points.
Hedge your statements. When we talk, we usually hold the opinion that we should be strong and confident and express our views in a direct forceful way. But if we show that we are not so sure about our beliefs, our views will be likely to be better received.
Express your arguments in an acceptable way. You might say “Let's consider the possible benefits of having fewer people working on the project.” rather than “We should not add more people to the project.” The second sentence sounds unpleasant, showing that the speaker is not open to the possibility of further discussion.
By following these tips in our communication, we'll be more likely to have an effective conversation and bridge the differences.
1. According to the passage, being conversationally receptive can lead to .
A. useful communication
B. creative opinions
C. clear confidence
D. different opinions
2. The underlined part “Hedge your statements.” in Paragraph 6 probably means “”.
A. explain your reasons clearly
B. raise your questions politely
C. voice your ideas less forcefully
D. express your excuses more directly
3. 语言能力推断能力 What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To stress the importance of productive communication.
B. To introduce a better way to deal with disagreements.
C. To explain the reasons for using receptive language.
D. To provide three effective tips to win an argument.
Task: 语言能力交流能力 1. “You're wrong. Listen to me.” are words that may cause conflict.
Change the words using receptive language.
2. Do you think receptive language makes your idea weaker? Why?

Ⅱ. 1.A 2.C 3.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在面对观点分歧时,除了回避或说服对方外,还有一种更有效的方式——使用接纳性语言,并提供了三种改善对话接纳性的技巧。
1. A 解析:推理判断题。根据“... when we appear receptive to others' different views ... more convincing ... more receptive in return ... likable, and others more interested in partnering with us.”可知,当我们表现出接纳他人不同观点时,我们的论点会更有说服力,这会让我们更受欢迎,他人也更愿意与我们合作。即接纳性对话能促成更有效的沟通。故选A。
2. C 解析:句意猜测题。根据“But if we show that we are not so sure about our beliefs, our views will be likely to be better received.”可知,如果我们委婉表达观点,我们的观点可能会更容易被接受。“Hedge your statements.”在此意为“委婉表达观点,避免过于强硬”。故选C。
3. B 解析:写作目的题。通读全文并根据“Research shows there is another way: using receptive language”和“By following these tips in our communication, we'll be more likely to have an effective conversation and bridge the differences.”可知,本文主要介绍了在面对观点分歧时,除了回避或说服对方外,还有一种更有效的方式——使用接纳性语言,即作者旨在介绍处理分歧的更优方法。故选B。
Task:(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
1. I see your point, but could we also consider this idea?
2. No. Because I think people trust respectful speakers more. My ideas actually sound stronger.

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含选择题和应用类任务题。解题时，需针对不同题型采用对应方法：1题是推理判断题，需定位文中关于接纳性对话结果的描述；2题是句意猜测题，要结合上下文转折逻辑推断短语含义；3题是主旨大意题，需通读全文提炼核心观点；任务题需结合文中提到的接纳性语言特点作答。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位文章第四段“when we appear receptive to others' different views, our arguments sound more convincing. Receptive language can also make those with whom we disagree more receptive in return. It makes us more likable, and others more interested in partnering with us.”，可知接纳性对话能促成有效沟通，故选A。
2. 第2题：第六段通过转折句“But if we show that we are not so sure about our beliefs, our views will be likely to be better received.”说明要避免强硬表达，“Hedge your statements”意为委婉表达观点，对应C选项。
3. 第3题：通读全文，核心是介绍面对分歧时，除回避或说服外，使用接纳性语言是更好的处理方法，对应B选项。
Task部分：1题需用接纳性语言替换强硬表达，示例符合要求；2题结合文中“接纳性语言能让观点更易被接受、更受欢迎”的内容作答，言之有理即可。
【答案】
1. A
2. C
3. B
Task:
1. I see your point, but could we also consider this idea?
2. No. Because I think people trust respectful speakers more. My ideas actually sound stronger.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（推理判断）、英语阅读理解（句意猜测）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）
【点评】
本文围绕处理观点分歧的沟通方式展开，题目覆盖英语阅读核心题型，既考查信息定位与推理能力，也考查语言应用能力，任务题引导学生将所学知识运用到实际交流中，符合英语学习实用性要求。
【难度系数】
0.6