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九、科普知识 阅读短文，从方框中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(有一项多余)(10 分)
Nearly 75% of the Earth is covered by water. There is water above ground called surface water, such as lakes and rivers, and water that's under the ground called groundwater. 1.
Although we have a lot of water, we can't drink most of it. About 97.5% of the Earth's water is salt water and humans can't drink it. 2.
3.
The Earth has always had the same amount(数量) of water. 5.
A. We only see the T-shirt.
B. Everything needs water.
C. There is even water in the sky!
D. We don't drink most of our salt water.
E. The rest(剩余) is fresh water.
F. However, there are more people in the world now.
Nearly 75% of the Earth is covered by water. There is water above ground called surface water, such as lakes and rivers, and water that's under the ground called groundwater. 1.
C
That is called water vapour(水蒸气). There is water everywhere.Although we have a lot of water, we can't drink most of it. About 97.5% of the Earth's water is salt water and humans can't drink it. 2.
E
However, we can't use most of the fresh water because 70% is frozen, like Hubbard Glacier(哈巴德冰川). Most of the groundwater is polluted(污染). In fact, we can only drink about 1% of the world's fresh water.3.
B
Only 5% goes to the taps in our homes. About 95% is used to produce food, clothes and energy. We don't see that water, but it is a big part of the water we use. For example, we don't see the water that was used to make a T-shirt. 4. A
But 2,700 litres(公升) of water were used to produce it!The Earth has always had the same amount(数量) of water. 5.
F
And we all need water. If we want water in the future, we must not waste it or pollute it now!A. We only see the T-shirt.
B. Everything needs water.
C. There is even water in the sky!
D. We don't drink most of our salt water.
E. The rest(剩余) is fresh water.
F. However, there are more people in the world now.
答案
1.C 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.F
解析
【分析】
本题为科普类七选五阅读题，解题需结合上下文语境、逻辑关系（如指代、衔接、主旨呼应等）逐一匹配选项。先通读全文明确各段主旨：第一段介绍水的存在形式（地表水、地下水、水蒸气）；第二段说明水资源分布（盐水占比高、淡水占比低且难利用）；第三段阐述水的用途（大部分用于生产，少部分家用）；第四段强调水总量不变但人口增长需节约。再逐个分析空白处：1空后提到“水蒸气”，需补充水在天空中的存在形式；2空前讲盐水占比，后文讲淡水，需衔接两者关系；3空后讲水的用途分配，需引出水的重要性；4空前说看不到制衣的水，需衔接“只看到成品”；5空前讲水总量，后文讲人口需求，需说明人口增长的情况。
【解析】
1. 第一段介绍水的不同存在形式，空后提到“水蒸气”，说明此处应补充水在天空中的存在，故选C；
2. 第二段前半部分讲97.5%是盐水不能饮用，后半部分讲淡水，此处需衔接盐水与淡水的关系，故选E；
3. 第三段讲水的用途分配（5%家用、95%用于生产），此处需引出水的重要性，故选B；
4. 空前提到看不到制作T恤的水，空后说明用水量，此处应衔接“只看到成品T恤”，故选A；
5. 空前讲水总量不变，后文讲人口需求，此处需说明人口增长的情况，故选F。
【答案】
1.C 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.F
【知识点】
阅读理解（七选五）、科普类阅读
【点评】
本题为科普类七选五阅读，主要考查学生对上下文逻辑关系的理解和语境的把握，需结合段落主旨、指代关系解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为科普类七选五阅读题，解题需结合上下文语境、逻辑关系（如指代、衔接、主旨呼应等）逐一匹配选项。先通读全文明确各段主旨：第一段介绍水的存在形式（地表水、地下水、水蒸气）；第二段说明水资源分布（盐水占比高、淡水占比低且难利用）；第三段阐述水的用途（大部分用于生产，少部分家用）；第四段强调水总量不变但人口增长需节约。再逐个分析空白处：1空后提到“水蒸气”，需补充水在天空中的存在形式；2空前讲盐水占比，后文讲淡水，需衔接两者关系；3空后讲水的用途分配，需引出水的重要性；4空前说看不到制衣的水，需衔接“只看到成品”；5空前讲水总量，后文讲人口需求，需说明人口增长的情况。
【解析】
1. 第一段介绍水的不同存在形式，空后提到“水蒸气”，说明此处应补充水在天空中的存在，故选C；
2. 第二段前半部分讲97.5%是盐水不能饮用，后半部分讲淡水，此处需衔接盐水与淡水的关系，故选E；
3. 第三段讲水的用途分配（5%家用、95%用于生产），此处需引出水的重要性，故选B；
4. 空前提到看不到制作T恤的水，空后说明用水量，此处应衔接“只看到成品T恤”，故选A；
5. 空前讲水总量不变，后文讲人口需求，此处需说明人口增长的情况，故选F。
【答案】
1.C 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.F
【知识点】
阅读理解（七选五）、科普类阅读
【点评】
本题为科普类七选五阅读，主要考查学生对上下文逻辑关系的理解和语境的把握，需结合段落主旨、指代关系解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
十、☑对标 KET 能力 阅读理解。（18 分）
（A）海报网页
Recycle & Share!
Bring your old books to Green Library!
We collect used books and give them to rural（农村的）schools. Help reduce waste and spread knowledge!
• Every Saturday 9:00—15:00
• 123 Eco Street
Save Water Challenge
Take a 5-minute shower instead of a 10-minute one. Save 50 litres of water daily! Share your story on social media with Water Hero. Top 10 savers win eco-friendly water bottles!
• Join us: www.savewater.com
Plant a Tree Day
Be part of the city's green future! Free saplings（树苗）& tools provided.
• Date: March 12th
• Meet: Central Park Gate at 8:30 AM
• Families welcome!
• Bring your own gloves.
Energy Guardian Project
Help elderly families save electricity!
Volunteers will help:
• Install（安装）LED bulbs.
• Teach energy-saving tips.
• Weekly check-ins（Oct—Nov）.
Certificates（证书）& green gifts for all helpers!
（
A. Sell them for money.
B. Donate（捐赠）them to libraries.
C. Exchange them for new books.
D. Send them to rural schools.
（
A. 50 litres.
B. 100 litres.
C. 350 litres.
D. 700 litres.
（
A. Raising money for green energy.
B. Educating young children about electricity.
C. Helping elderly families save electricity.
D. Selling energy-efficient（节能的）products.
（
A. People who want to protect the environment.
B. People who want to experience hard life.
C. People who want to help their children.
D. People who want to do more sport.
（A）海报网页
Recycle & Share!
Bring your old books to Green Library!
We collect used books and give them to rural（农村的）schools. Help reduce waste and spread knowledge!
• Every Saturday 9:00—15:00
• 123 Eco Street
Save Water Challenge
Take a 5-minute shower instead of a 10-minute one. Save 50 litres of water daily! Share your story on social media with Water Hero. Top 10 savers win eco-friendly water bottles!
• Join us: www.savewater.com
Plant a Tree Day
Be part of the city's green future! Free saplings（树苗）& tools provided.
• Date: March 12th
• Meet: Central Park Gate at 8:30 AM
• Families welcome!
• Bring your own gloves.
Energy Guardian Project
Help elderly families save electricity!
Volunteers will help:
• Install（安装）LED bulbs.
• Teach energy-saving tips.
• Weekly check-ins（Oct—Nov）.
Certificates（证书）& green gifts for all helpers!
（
D
）1. How does the Recycle & Share activity help deal with old books?A. Sell them for money.
B. Donate（捐赠）them to libraries.
C. Exchange them for new books.
D. Send them to rural schools.
（
C
）2. How much water can you save weekly in Save Water Challenge?A. 50 litres.
B. 100 litres.
C. 350 litres.
D. 700 litres.
（
C
）3. What is the main goal（目标）of Energy Guardian Project?A. Raising money for green energy.
B. Educating young children about electricity.
C. Helping elderly families save electricity.
D. Selling energy-efficient（节能的）products.
（
A
）4. Who is the text written for?A. People who want to protect the environment.
B. People who want to experience hard life.
C. People who want to help their children.
D. People who want to do more sport.
答案
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A
解析
【分析】做广告类阅读理解题时，需先明确题干的核心问题，再回到原文对应活动板块定位关键信息，通过匹配原文内容与选项，排除不符合的错误选项，从而选出正确答案。具体来说，第1题需定位旧书处理方式，第2题需计算节水总量，第3题需明确项目目标，第4题需判断文本受众，均需精准提取原文细节。
【解析】1. 定位Recycle & Share活动描述：“We collect used books and give them to rural（农村的）schools.” 可知旧书会被送往农村学校，对应选项D；A“卖钱”、B“捐给图书馆”、C“换新书”均与原文不符，故选D。2. Save Water Challenge提到每天节水50升，一周7天，总节水量为50×7=350升，对应选项C；A为每日节水量，B、D计算错误，故选C。3. Energy Guardian Project开篇明确“Help elderly families save electricity!”，即帮助老年家庭节约用电，对应选项C；A“筹钱”、B“教孩子”、D“卖产品”均不符合，故选C。4. 文本包含回收旧书、节水、种树、节能等环保活动，受众为想保护环境的人，对应选项A；B“体验艰苦生活”、C“帮孩子”、D“做运动”均与内容无关，故选A。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A
【知识点】广告类阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】本题为KET水平的广告类阅读理解，侧重考查学生快速定位原文细节信息的能力，题目设置基础，需准确提取活动内容、数据、目标等关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 定位Recycle & Share活动描述：“We collect used books and give them to rural（农村的）schools.” 可知旧书会被送往农村学校，对应选项D；A“卖钱”、B“捐给图书馆”、C“换新书”均与原文不符，故选D。2. Save Water Challenge提到每天节水50升，一周7天，总节水量为50×7=350升，对应选项C；A为每日节水量，B、D计算错误，故选C。3. Energy Guardian Project开篇明确“Help elderly families save electricity!”，即帮助老年家庭节约用电，对应选项C；A“筹钱”、B“教孩子”、D“卖产品”均不符合，故选C。4. 文本包含回收旧书、节水、种树、节能等环保活动，受众为想保护环境的人，对应选项A；B“体验艰苦生活”、C“帮孩子”、D“做运动”均与内容无关，故选A。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A
【知识点】广告类阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】本题为KET水平的广告类阅读理解，侧重考查学生快速定位原文细节信息的能力，题目设置基础，需准确提取活动内容、数据、目标等关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.8
