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Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Turn off the tap when you brush your
2. David said nothing, but
3. We walked down some stone
4. One more person wouldn't make any
5. I think our environment is changing for
1. Turn off the tap when you brush your
teeth
(tooth).2. David said nothing, but
simply
(simple) nodded, as if understanding perfectly.3. We walked down some stone
steps
(step) to the beach.4. One more person wouldn't make any
difference
(different) to the arrangements.5. I think our environment is changing for
the worse
(bad), so it is time for every one of us to get started to go green.答案
Ⅰ. 1. teeth 2. simply 3. steps 4. difference
5. the worse
5. the worse
1. China has been
A.fight
B.fought
C.fighting
D.fights
C
desertification for many years.A.fight
B.fought
C.fighting
D.fights
答案
1. C [解析]考查现在完成进行时。句意:中国多年来一直在对抗沙漠化。fight(动词原形,不能用于"has been"后);fought(过去分词,"has been fought"是被动语态,"中国对抗沙漠化"是主动行为);fighting(现在分词,"has been fighting"是现在完成进行时,表示"从过去持续到现在的动作",符合"for many years");fights(第三人称单数,不能用于"has been"后)。根据"has been"和"for many years",需用现在完成进行时。故选C。
思路引导 "has been+现在分词"构成现在完成进行时,表示"持续进行的动作"。has fought(已完成),has been fighting(仍在进行)。
思路引导 "has been+现在分词"构成现在完成进行时,表示"持续进行的动作"。has fought(已完成),has been fighting(仍在进行)。
2. Qizi Bay was once a desert and now it has
A.turned into
B.turned off
C.turned on
D.turned up
A
a land of hope.A.turned into
B.turned off
C.turned on
D.turned up
答案
2. A [解析]考查动词短语辨析。句意:棋子湾曾经是一片沙漠,现在它已经变成了一片希望之地。turn into变成,符合"沙漠变希望之地"的语义;turn off关掉,用于电器、灯光等,与"土地"无关;turn on打开,用于电器、灯光等,语义不符;turn up调大、出现,不表示"转变"。结合"once a desert"(曾经是沙漠)和"now"(现在)的对比,此处表示"转变"。故选A。
3. We should
A.reduce
B.donate
C.recycle
D.pollute
B
old clothes and books to charities.A.reduce
B.donate
C.recycle
D.pollute
答案
3. B [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:我们应该把旧衣服和旧书捐赠给慈善机构。reduce减少;donate捐赠,"donate sth to charities"是固定搭配,意为"向慈善机构捐赠某物";recycle回收;pollute污染。结合"charities"(慈善机构)的用途可知,此处表示"捐赠"。故选B。
4. To protect the environment, we should say no to
A.single-use
B.reuse
C.recycle
D.green
A
plastic bags.A.single-use
B.reuse
C.recycle
D.green
答案
4. A [解析]考查形容词/短语辨析。句意:为了保护环境,我们应该拒绝一次性塑料袋。single-use供一次使用的,"single-use plastic bags"是"一次性塑料袋",是环保须拒绝的对象;reuse重复使用,动词,不能修饰"plastic bags";recycle回收,动词,不能修饰"plastic bags";green绿色的,绿色塑料袋此处不符合句意。结合"say no to"(拒绝)和环保主题,此处指"一次性塑料袋"。故选A。
素养考向 此题考查"在真实语境中准确判断词性、辨析词汇含义并运用"的能力。题目中需区分"single-use"(形容词,供一次使用的)同时结合"say no to(拒绝)"的语境,判断"green(绿色的)"不符合"需拒绝"的逻辑,最终锁定"single-use"。这一过程既考查词汇的词性认知,也考查"词汇与语境匹配"的语言运用能力,是语言素养的核心体现。
素养考向 此题考查"在真实语境中准确判断词性、辨析词汇含义并运用"的能力。题目中需区分"single-use"(形容词,供一次使用的)同时结合"say no to(拒绝)"的语境,判断"green(绿色的)"不符合"需拒绝"的逻辑,最终锁定"single-use"。这一过程既考查词汇的词性认知,也考查"词汇与语境匹配"的语言运用能力,是语言素养的核心体现。
5.
A.Deal
B.Dealing with
C.Deal with
D.Dealing
B
waste properly is important for our environment.A.Deal
B.Dealing with
C.Deal with
D.Dealing
答案
5. B [解析]考查非谓语动词(动名词短语作主语)。句意:正确处理垃圾对我们的环境很重要。deal,动词原形,不能作主语;dealing with,动名词短语,"deal with"是固定搭配,表示"处理",动名词可作主语;deal with是动词短语原形,不能作主语;dealing是动名词,"deal"是不及物动词,后接宾语"waste"须加"with"。句子缺少主语,需用动名词短语,且"处理垃圾"应用"deal with waste"。故选B。
易错警示 误用"Deal with"作主语(应为Dealing with)。
易错警示 误用"Deal with"作主语(应为Dealing with)。
6. Many countries are taking action to
A.reduce
B.increase
C.make
D.let
A
pollution.A.reduce
B.increase
C.make
D.let
答案
6. A [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:许多国家正在采取行动减少污染。reduce减少,"采取行动减少污染"符合环保主题;increase增加,放在此处不符合句意;make制造,"制造污染"不是行动目的;let让,"let pollution"搭配无意义。结合"taking action"(采取行动)的环保目的,须表示"减少污染"。故选A。
7. We can
A.donate
B.pollute
C.recycle
D.fight
C
paper, plastic and glass to protect the environment.A.donate
B.pollute
C.recycle
D.fight
答案
7. C [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:我们可以回收纸张、塑料和玻璃来保护环境。donate捐赠;pollute污染,与"保护环境"相悖;recycle回收,"回收纸张、塑料、玻璃"是环保的常见方式;fight对抗。结合这些材料的环保处理方式可知,此处指"回收"。故选C。
8. The
A.management
B.poster
C.desertification
D.pollution
A
of waste is a big problem in many cities.A.management
B.poster
C.desertification
D.pollution
答案
8. A [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:垃圾管理是许多城市的大问题。management管理;poster海报;desertification沙漠化;pollution污染。结合"waste"(垃圾)和"big problem"(大问题),此处指"垃圾管理"。故选A。
9. If everyone does something, we can
A.make a difference
B.turn into
C.fight against
D.separate into
A
to the environment.A.make a difference
B.turn into
C.fight against
D.separate into
答案
9. A [解析]考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果每个人都做点什么,我们就能对环境产生影响。make a difference有影响、起作用,固定短语,意为"对事物产生改变",符合"每个人行动对环境的作用";turn into变成,须接宾语,如"turn into a better place";fight against对抗,须接宾语,此处指"对……产生影响,才起作用"。故选A。
10. Don't
A.reduce
B.donate
C.pollute
D.recycle
C
the river. It's our source of water.A.reduce
B.donate
C.pollute
D.recycle
答案
10. C [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:不要污染河流,它是我们的水源。reduce减少;donate捐赠;pollute污染;recycle回收。结合"it's our source of water"(它是我们的水源),此处指"不破坏河流"。故选C。
Ⅲ.根据句意及首字母提示完成句子
1. Desertification is a serious environmental p
2. We should r
3. Many people d
4. It's necessary to r
5. The government is taking action to f
6. The river was p
7. The village has t
8. Good waste m
9. Let's make a p
10. We want to do something to make a d
1. Desertification is a serious environmental p
roblem
.2. We should r
educe
the use of single-use plastic.3. Many people d
onate
money to charities to help others.4. It's necessary to r
ecycle
waste to save resources.5. The government is taking action to f
ight
against desertification.6. The river was p
olluted
by the factory's waste water.7. The village has t
urned
into a beautiful place.8. Good waste m
anagement
can make the city cleaner.9. Let's make a p
oster
to call on people to protect the environment.10. We want to do something to make a d
ifference
to our planet.答案
Ⅲ. 1. problem 2. reduce 3. donate 4. recycle 5. fight
6. polluted 7. turned 8. management 9. poster
10. difference
6. polluted 7. turned 8. management 9. poster
10. difference
