2026年通城学典课时作业本八年级英语上册译林版第117页答案
一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示写出单词。
1. I'm always a little
nervous
(紧张的)when I answer questions in class.
2. Listen! Do you hear the excited
shouts
(喊叫)? The match must be wonderful.
3.(公共秩序)The teacher told us to keep our
voices
(嗓音)down in public.
4. The two players s
shook
hands with each other before the basketball game started.

答案

1. nervous 2. shouts 3. voices 4. shook

解析

【分析】
本题为根据句意及汉语或首字母提示填写单词的基础题,需结合句子语境、汉语释义或首字母,同时关注单词的词性、单复数及时态等形式变化。具体解题思路:先理解每句句意,再匹配对应汉语意思或首字母,最后确定单词的正确形式。
【解析】
1. 句意:我在课堂上回答问题时总是有点紧张。“紧张的”对应形容词nervous,作表语符合语境。
2. 句意:听!你听到兴奋的喊叫声了吗?比赛一定很精彩。“喊叫”对应名词shout,此处指各类兴奋的喊叫声,用复数形式shouts。
3. 句意:老师告诉我们在公共场合要压低嗓音。“嗓音”对应名词voice,固定搭配keep one's voice down表示“压低嗓音”,用单数形式。
4. 句意:两名篮球运动员在比赛开始前互相握手。固定短语shake hands表示“握手”,由句中started可知用一般过去时,shake的过去式为shook,符合首字母s要求。
【答案】
1. nervous 2. shouts 3. voices 4. shook
【知识点】
单词拼写、固定搭配、动词过去式
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的运用,涵盖形容词、名词、动词短语的形式变化,是英语学习的基础题型,需熟练掌握常见词汇及搭配。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。
beat watch burn rain down in all directions in fear
1. People walked
in all directions
after getting off the bus.
2. Her heart
beat
fast when she received the letter.
3. In autumn, leaves begin to ______ from the trees when the wind blows.
4. Everyone except the twins
was watching
video games when the teacher came into the room.
5. That girl held her mother's hand
in fear
when she heard something strange outside.
6. We saw a
burning
tree in the distance during our camping trip, and dialled 119 at once.

答案

1. in all directions 2. beat 3. rain down 4. was watching 5. in fear 6. burning

解析

【分析】首先明确方框内短语的含义:beat(跳动;打败)、watch(观看)、burn(燃烧)、rain down(纷纷落下)、in all directions(朝四面八方)、in fear(害怕地)。解题时需结合句子语境、时态、主谓一致、固定搭配等知识,选择合适的短语并变形:1. 描述人们下车后的行走方向,选介词短语in all directions;2. 描述心跳动作,结合过去时态用beat;3. 描述树叶落下的状态,用rain down(begin to do结构);4. 描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,用过去进行时was watching;5. 描述拉妈妈手的状态,用介词短语in fear;6. 描述树的状态(正在燃烧),用现在分词burning作定语。
【解析】1. 句意:人们下车后朝四面八方走。短语in all directions意为“朝四面八方”,符合语境,直接填写。
2. 句意:她收到信时心跳得很快。“心跳”用beat,由received(过去式)可知用一般过去时,beat的过去式仍为beat,故填beat。
3. 句意:秋天,风吹时树叶开始从树上纷纷落下。rain down意为“纷纷落下”,begin to do sth为固定结构,故填原形rain down。
4. 句意:老师进房间时,除了双胞胎每个人都在玩电子游戏。when引导的时间状语从句为一般过去时,主句用过去进行时;主语everyone为单数,故填was watching。
5. 句意:女孩听到外面有奇怪的声音时,害怕地拉着妈妈的手。in fear意为“害怕地”,修饰动词held,符合语境,故填in fear。
6. 句意:露营时我们看到远处有一棵燃烧的树,立刻拨了119。see sth doing sth表示“看到某物正在做某事”,burn的现在分词为burning,修饰tree,故填burning。
【答案】1. in all directions 2. beat 3. rain down 4. was watching 5. in fear 6. burning
【知识点】动词时态与形式、介词短语用法、非谓语动词
【点评】本题考查短语词义辨析及适当形式的运用,需结合语境、语法知识变形,是初中英语基础题型,注重对短语和基础语法的掌握。
【难度系数】0.5
三、单项选择。
1.(本土文化)
A
the cost of living in Yangzhou is among the lowest in Jiangsu Province, people live there comfortably and happily.

A.Since
B.When
C.Although
D.Unless

答案

1. A

解析

【分析】首先通读句子,理解句意,判断前后分句的逻辑关系:前半句“扬州的生活成本是江苏最低的”是原因,后半句“人们在那里生活得舒适又开心”是结果,需选择表原因的连词。再逐一分析选项:A.Since表原因,意为“因为,既然”;B.When表时间,意为“当……时”;C.Although表让步,意为“虽然”;D.Unless表条件,意为“除非”。据此确定答案。
【解析】句子逻辑为“因为生活成本低,所以生活舒适”,需用表原因的连词。A.Since可引导原因状语从句,符合语境;B.When引导时间状语从句,不符合逻辑;C.Although引导让步状语从句,表转折,不符合;D.Unless引导条件状语从句,表否定条件,不符合。因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】从属连词用法;原因状语从句
【点评】本题考查连词的逻辑辨析,需准确把握句意及各连词的含义,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
2. Recently, he seemed to lose the
A
of his life and has given up many chances.

A.direction
B.sense
C.attention
D.instructions

答案

2. A

解析

【分析】首先通读句子理解语境:“最近,他似乎失去了生活的______,放弃了很多机会”,需选符合语境的名词。接下来辨析四个选项的词义和常用搭配,判断哪个能与“life”构成合理表达,结合语境选出正确答案。
【解析】先分析语境:句子表达“迷失生活方向”的含义。再辨析选项:A.direction意为“方向”,“lose the direction of life”是固定表达,意为“迷失生活方向”,符合语境;B.sense意为“感觉、意识”,常用搭配为“sense of + 名词”,不符合此处结构;C.attention意为“注意力”,“lose attention”指分心,与语境不符;D.instructions意为“指示、说明”,不符合语境。因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的词义辨析及固定搭配,难度不大,学生掌握常见名词含义和常用搭配,结合语境即可选出答案。
【难度系数】0.6
3.(易错题)— I want to know if the train
C
on time tomorrow.
— If it
, I'll buy a train ticket and return home right away.

A.leaves; leaves
B.will leave; won't leave
C.will leave; doesn't leave
D.leaves; will leave

答案

3. C
易错警示
3. 本题易混淆if不同含义的用法。第一句中,if表示“是否”,引导宾语从句,其时态要根据实际情况确定,tomorrow表示将来,所以从句用一般将来时 will leave;第二句中,if表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”的规则,从句主语是it,谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式 doesn't leave。

解析

【分析】本题需先判断两个if的不同含义:第一个if在“I want to know”后,引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,时态由时间状语决定;第二个if在条件句中,意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”规则。解题时先区分if的用法,再匹配对应时态即可。
【解析】第一句中,if引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,时间状语tomorrow表将来,宾语从句需用一般将来时,故第一空填will leave,排除A、D选项;第二句中,if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”,遵循“主将从现”原则(主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来),主句是I'll buy...(一般将来时),从句需用一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数,否定形式为doesn't leave,排除B选项,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句时态、条件状语从句时态、if的用法
【点评】本题为易错题,核心是区分if的两种用法(是否/如果)及对应时态规则,需牢记不同从句的时态要求,避免混淆。
【难度系数】0.4
4. — Did you know the fire accident last night?
— Yes. The firemen were brave enough to
B
the fire.

A.work out
B.put out
C.look out
D.bring out

答案

4. B

解析

【分析】
首先理解对话语境是关于火灾事故,答句需表达消防员对火灾采取的动作,解题思路是逐一分析各选项动词短语的含义,再结合语境匹配出符合要求的短语。
【解析】
本题考查动词短语辨析。先明确各选项短语含义:A. work out意为“解决;算出”;B. put out意为“扑灭(火)”;C. look out意为“当心;小心”;D. bring out意为“使显现;出版”。结合语境“消防员勇敢地________火灾”,需表达“扑灭火灾”的含义,因此B选项符合要求。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
动词短语辨析
【点评】
本题为基础动词短语词义辨析题,需掌握常见短语含义并结合语境判断,难度较低,属于初中英语基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
四、核心素养 思维品质 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
主题群:灾害防范 子主题:自然灾害 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★
This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2-magnitude earthquake 1.
hit
(hit) the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed 2.
thousands
(thousand) of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son's school, 3.
but
he sadly found the building had come down.
The man almost broke down. And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging(挖) through the stones. As he 4.
was working
(work) in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, "It's too late! They're all dead! Go home! It's 5.
impossible
(possible) for you to save him!" Then the firemen and police came and told him to stop, "There are big fires. You're 6.
in
great danger. We'll take care of it. Go home." The father said, "Are you going to help me now?" No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 7.
more quickly
(quick).
He kept digging for 8.
a
long time. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 9.
shouting
(shout) for help. The man called his son's name excitedly, "Peter!" Soon he heard back, "Dad? It's me! I knew no matter what happened, you would always be there for me!"
Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 10.
themselves
(they), "Nothing is too hard for a loving father." Sometimes, love can help us complete the most difficult work.

答案

1. hit 2. thousands 3. but 4. was working 5. impossible 6. in 7. more quickly 8. a 9. shouting 10. themselves

解析

【分析】
本文是一篇关于地震中父亲营救儿子的记叙文,需结合语篇语境、英语语法规则(时态、词性、固定搭配等)完成填空。解题时先通读全文把握主旨,再逐个分析空格:1题需用动词过去式,2题考查固定短语,3题需转折连词,4题需过去进行时,5题需形容词否定形式,6题考查固定搭配,7题需副词比较级,8题考查固定短语,9题需非谓语动词,10题需反身代词。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语“in 1989”可知,此处用一般过去时,hit的过去式为hit,故填hit。
2. “thousands of”是固定短语,意为“成千上万的”,故填thousands。
3. 前句“父亲冲到学校”与后句“发现建筑倒塌”为转折关系,用转折连词but,故填but。
4. as引导时间状语从句,主句为一般过去时,从句表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,用过去进行时was working,故填was working。
5. 父母认为救孩子是不可能的,possible的否定形式为impossible,故填impossible。
6. “in great danger”是固定搭配,意为“处于极大危险中”,故填in。
7. even修饰比较级,此处需用副词修饰动词dug,quick的副词是quickly,比较级为more quickly,故填more quickly。
8. “a long time”是固定短语,意为“很长时间”,故填a。
9. “hear sb doing sth”表示“听到某人正在做某事”,此处用shout的现在分词shouting,故填shouting。
10. “say to oneself”意为“自言自语”,主语是they,反身代词为themselves,故填themselves。
【答案】
1. hit 2. thousands 3. but 4. was working 5. impossible 6. in 7. more quickly 8. a 9. shouting 10. themselves
【知识点】
动词时态、固定搭配、非谓语动词
【点评】
本文以地震中的父爱为主题,考查初中英语核心语法知识,需结合语篇语境运用语法规则,既考查语言运用能力,又传递了情感价值,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6