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Ⅳ. 阅读理解
We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process（过程）.
Let's look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple fall from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth. Newton believed it did. He called it "gravity（重力）".
This story has become one of the most popular examples of "eureka" moments. But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn't be forgotten.
Newton studied maths for a long time to have a better understanding of the world. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work. It also started his thinking that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine "gravity" carefully. He did experiments, studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work was published. The creative thinking process works the same way in our life.
At school, we get ready for the right moment. Once it comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. It takes much effort to get the fruits of creative thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who keep waiting and working the longest.
1. How does the writer mainly develop his idea?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving examples.
C. By raising questions.
D. By explaining differences.
2. What does the underlined word "eureka" probably mean?
A. I've got it.
B. I give up.
C. I've no idea.
D. I believe it.
3. Which of the following shows the order of Newton's creative thinking process?
a. He caught the right moment.
b. He did experiments over and over.
c. He saw an apple fall from a tree.
d. He studied mathematics for long.
A. a—c—d—b
B. b—a—c—d
C. a—b—c—d
D. d—c—a—b
4. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. The interesting life story of Isaac Newton.
B. The lucky moments of getting bright ideas.
C. The sweetest fruits from creative thinking.
D. The best way to get creative thinking ability.
5. Where is the passage probably from?
A. A notice.
B. A picture.
C. A magazine.
D. A dictionary.
We all have those moments when bright ideas hit us, but not everyone can develop such moments into the fruits of creative thinking. While we believe creative thinking is the falling apple of Isaac Newton, one of the greatest scientists, we seldom notice that creative thinking is in fact a process（过程）.
Let's look at what happened in 1666.
Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple fall from a tree. He began to wonder if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth. Newton believed it did. He called it "gravity（重力）".
This story has become one of the most popular examples of "eureka" moments. But when we cheer for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn't be forgotten.
Newton studied maths for a long time to have a better understanding of the world. He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems. The falling apple was only the fruit of years of hard work. It also started his thinking that continued for the next twenty years.
Newton began to examine "gravity" carefully. He did experiments, studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments. In 1687, the greatest scientific work was published. The creative thinking process works the same way in our life.
At school, we get ready for the right moment. Once it comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come. It takes much effort to get the fruits of creative thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who keep waiting and working the longest.
1. How does the writer mainly develop his idea?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving examples.
C. By raising questions.
D. By explaining differences.
2. What does the underlined word "eureka" probably mean?
A. I've got it.
B. I give up.
C. I've no idea.
D. I believe it.
3. Which of the following shows the order of Newton's creative thinking process?
a. He caught the right moment.
b. He did experiments over and over.
c. He saw an apple fall from a tree.
d. He studied mathematics for long.
A. a—c—d—b
B. b—a—c—d
C. a—b—c—d
D. d—c—a—b
4. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. The interesting life story of Isaac Newton.
B. The lucky moments of getting bright ideas.
C. The sweetest fruits from creative thinking.
D. The best way to get creative thinking ability.
5. Where is the passage probably from?
A. A notice.
B. A picture.
C. A magazine.
D. A dictionary.
答案
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. C
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. C
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题：需判断作者论证观点的方式，文章通过牛顿发现万有引力的事例展开说明，属于举例子的方式，据此分析选项。
2. 第2题：词义猜测题，结合上下文，“eureka”是牛顿发现万有引力时的感叹，对应发现后的表达，分析选项含义。
3. 第3题：细节排序题，梳理文章中牛顿的行为顺序：先长期研究数学，再看到苹果落地，抓住该契机，最后反复做实验，据此匹配选项。
4. 第4题：主旨大意题，重点关注文章最后一段的总结，明确核心观点，对应选项。
5. 第5题：判断文章出处，根据文章是科普类内容，分析各选项的适用场景。
【解析】
1. 第1题：文章以牛顿发现万有引力的具体事例阐述创造性思维是过程，采用举例子的论证方式，故选B。
2. 第2题：“eureka”是发现后的感叹，意为“我找到了”，对应A选项；B为“我放弃”、C为“我不知道”、D为“我相信”，均不符合语境，故选A。
3. 第3题：根据文章，牛顿的过程为：长期研究数学（d）→看到苹果落地（c）→抓住该契机（a）→反复做实验（b），顺序为d-c-a-b，故选D。
4. 第4题：文章最后一段点明主旨，强调获得创造性思维能力需要准备、抓住时机、持续努力，对应D选项；A仅为牛顿故事，B侧重灵感，C侧重成果，均偏离主旨，故选D。
5. 第5题：文章是关于科学思维的科普内容，最可能出自杂志；A通知、B图片、D词典均不符合，故选C。
【答案】
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. C
【知识点】
阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题是一篇关于创造性思维过程的阅读理解题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意等考点，需学生结合文章内容逐一分析选项，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第1题：需判断作者论证观点的方式，文章通过牛顿发现万有引力的事例展开说明，属于举例子的方式，据此分析选项。
2. 第2题：词义猜测题，结合上下文，“eureka”是牛顿发现万有引力时的感叹，对应发现后的表达，分析选项含义。
3. 第3题：细节排序题，梳理文章中牛顿的行为顺序：先长期研究数学，再看到苹果落地，抓住该契机，最后反复做实验，据此匹配选项。
4. 第4题：主旨大意题，重点关注文章最后一段的总结，明确核心观点，对应选项。
5. 第5题：判断文章出处，根据文章是科普类内容，分析各选项的适用场景。
【解析】
1. 第1题：文章以牛顿发现万有引力的具体事例阐述创造性思维是过程，采用举例子的论证方式，故选B。
2. 第2题：“eureka”是发现后的感叹，意为“我找到了”，对应A选项；B为“我放弃”、C为“我不知道”、D为“我相信”，均不符合语境，故选A。
3. 第3题：根据文章，牛顿的过程为：长期研究数学（d）→看到苹果落地（c）→抓住该契机（a）→反复做实验（b），顺序为d-c-a-b，故选D。
4. 第4题：文章最后一段点明主旨，强调获得创造性思维能力需要准备、抓住时机、持续努力，对应D选项；A仅为牛顿故事，B侧重灵感，C侧重成果，均偏离主旨，故选D。
5. 第5题：文章是关于科学思维的科普内容，最可能出自杂志；A通知、B图片、D词典均不符合，故选C。
【答案】
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. C
【知识点】
阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题是一篇关于创造性思维过程的阅读理解题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意等考点，需学生结合文章内容逐一分析选项，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7
