四、阅读还原
阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Big data（大数据）is a phrase that means a lot of information. People can use it in many ways. For example, the government uses it to find out how many people ride buses or trains. ¹. Companies use big data, too. It helps them know who buys their products.
Big data can be used for good things. For example, it helps improve traffic. Many cities now use data to study traffic and test new ideas. By looking at real-time traffic information, cities can plan new bus or subway lines. This helps people travel more easily and quickly. ². It can be used to get people’s private（隐秘的）information and make them feel scared.
³. It is because computer programs are made by people. People have their own ways of thinking. When they make a model based on their ideas, they use it to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas can help people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause trouble for some groups of people. ⁴.
A. Big data is very useful in our daily life.
B. But big data can also be used for bad things.
C. So we need to be careful when we use big data.
D. Then they can make the bus or train systems better.
E. Why can big data be used for both good and bad things?

1. D 2. B 3. E 4. C

【分析】
本题为阅读还原题，需结合上下文的语境、逻辑关系（如承接、转折、提问、总结等），匹配对应选项。解题思路为：先通读全文，把握段落大意；再逐个分析空白处前后文的内容，找到逻辑衔接点，对应方框内的选项，排除多余项。
【解析】
1. 空白处前句提到政府用大数据统计乘坐公交/火车的人数，后句讲公司也使用大数据，D选项“Then they can make the bus or train systems better”承接政府的做法，说明统计后的结果，逻辑连贯，故选D。
2. 空白处前句讲大数据用于好事，后句讲其用于坏事的危害，是转折关系，B选项以“But”开头，衔接转折内容，故选B。
3. 空白处后句解释大数据有好坏两面的原因，因此空白处应是提出问题，E选项为疑问句，引出下文的解释，故选E。
4. 空白处前句讲大数据的好坏影响，空白处应是总结性语句，C选项“So”引导结论，说明使用大数据需小心，故选C。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.E 4.C
【知识点】
阅读还原题、语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语语篇上下文逻辑关系的理解，需结合前后文内容、关联词（如but、so等）及语境连贯性选择选项，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中，理清逻辑即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.6