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二、阅读还原
People are familiar with the ancient Silk Road, but not everyone knows about the Hexi Corridor and the Qilian Mountains. 1.
The climate in northwestern China is mostly dry and desert-like. 2.
Since ancient times, the Qilian Mountains have been the most important water source in the Hexi Corridor. There are over 3,300 glaciers (冰川). The glaciers provide water for people in the Hexi Corridor. 3.
4.
In order to protect the environment in the Qilian Mountains, the government made a plan to build the Qilian Mountain National Park in 2017. After years of hard work, the efforts of the local people, researchers and the government finally paid off. 5.
A. The Qilian Mountains are also home to many plants and animals.
B. They are two of the important parts of the ancient Silk Road.
C. However, these glaciers are getting smaller rapidly because of climate change nowadays.
D. The environment has greatly improved and the number of wild animals has grown.
E. Such an environment made it very difficult for the ancient Chinese to travel to the West.
People are familiar with the ancient Silk Road, but not everyone knows about the Hexi Corridor and the Qilian Mountains. 1.
B
The climate in northwestern China is mostly dry and desert-like. 2.
E
The Hexi Corridor was an important part of those people's journey and made their journey less difficult because it connected oases (绿洲) along the way. Until now, it is still an important place.Since ancient times, the Qilian Mountains have been the most important water source in the Hexi Corridor. There are over 3,300 glaciers (冰川). The glaciers provide water for people in the Hexi Corridor. 3.
C
The glaciers' change has a big influence on the development of the area.4.
A
But due to human activities, the environment there was once in a bad situation, and the number of plants and animals dropped dramatically.In order to protect the environment in the Qilian Mountains, the government made a plan to build the Qilian Mountain National Park in 2017. After years of hard work, the efforts of the local people, researchers and the government finally paid off. 5.
D
A. The Qilian Mountains are also home to many plants and animals.
B. They are two of the important parts of the ancient Silk Road.
C. However, these glaciers are getting smaller rapidly because of climate change nowadays.
D. The environment has greatly improved and the number of wild animals has grown.
E. Such an environment made it very difficult for the ancient Chinese to travel to the West.
答案
【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了古代丝绸之路中河西走廊和祁连山的相关情况。
1.B 2.E 3.C 4.A 5.D
1.B 2.E 3.C 4.A 5.D
解析
【分析】
做阅读还原题时，需先通读全文把握主旨，再分析空格前后句子的逻辑关系（如指代、因果、顺承等），结合选项内容匹配。第1空前提到河西走廊和祁连山，需对应它们与丝绸之路的关联；第2空承接前文的干燥沙漠环境，引出对古代旅行的影响；第3空衔接前文的冰川与后文的冰川变化影响；第4空引出后文的动植物情况；第5空承接前文的努力有回报，说明结果。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文提到“Hexi Corridor and the Qilian Mountains”，B选项中“They”指代这两个事物，且点明它们是古代丝绸之路的重要部分，符合语境，故选B；
2. 第2空：前文描述西北干燥沙漠的气候，E选项指出这种环境让古代中国人去西方旅行很困难，衔接后文的“those people's journey”，故选E；
3. 第3空：前文讲冰川为河西走廊供水，后文说冰川变化的影响，C选项说明冰川因气候变化快速变小，衔接上下文，故选C；
4. 第4空：后文提到动植物数量大幅下降，A选项指出祁连山是许多动植物的家园，引出后文内容，故选A；
5. 第5空：前文说各方努力有了回报，D选项说明环境改善、野生动物数量增长，是努力的结果，故选D。
【答案】
1.B 2.E 3.C 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
阅读还原、语篇逻辑衔接、指代关系
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的阅读还原题型，侧重考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑的理解能力，需结合指代、因果等关系匹配选项，难度适中，是学生应掌握的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.5
做阅读还原题时，需先通读全文把握主旨，再分析空格前后句子的逻辑关系（如指代、因果、顺承等），结合选项内容匹配。第1空前提到河西走廊和祁连山，需对应它们与丝绸之路的关联；第2空承接前文的干燥沙漠环境，引出对古代旅行的影响；第3空衔接前文的冰川与后文的冰川变化影响；第4空引出后文的动植物情况；第5空承接前文的努力有回报，说明结果。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文提到“Hexi Corridor and the Qilian Mountains”，B选项中“They”指代这两个事物，且点明它们是古代丝绸之路的重要部分，符合语境，故选B；
2. 第2空：前文描述西北干燥沙漠的气候，E选项指出这种环境让古代中国人去西方旅行很困难，衔接后文的“those people's journey”，故选E；
3. 第3空：前文讲冰川为河西走廊供水，后文说冰川变化的影响，C选项说明冰川因气候变化快速变小，衔接上下文，故选C；
4. 第4空：后文提到动植物数量大幅下降，A选项指出祁连山是许多动植物的家园，引出后文内容，故选A；
5. 第5空：前文说各方努力有了回报，D选项说明环境改善、野生动物数量增长，是努力的结果，故选D。
【答案】
1.B 2.E 3.C 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
阅读还原、语篇逻辑衔接、指代关系
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的阅读还原题型，侧重考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑的理解能力，需结合指代、因果等关系匹配选项，难度适中，是学生应掌握的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.5
三、★★ 短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We produce a lot of rubbish every day. Where does all the rubbish go? Scientists have made an upside-down pyramid of the different ways 1. (deal) with rubbish.
In cities, you seldom see rubbish in open areas 2. people usually collect rubbish and send it to landfills. In some landfills, waste is treated to make it less harmful before it's 3. (bury). Once a landfill is full, people cover it with soil 4. (safe). A park or playground can be built on top of it then.
Another way to deal with rubbish is to burn it. This produces not only energy but also 5. (harm) gases. In some places, these gases are cleaned before they are let off.
In the middle of the pyramid is 6. (recycle). This means using rubbish to make new products. For example, people break up waste paper and mix it with water to make new paper.
7. (reuse) is another effective way to deal with rubbish. This means using "waste" in another way. Buying or selling second-hand things online is 8. good example.
Waste prevention is at the top 9. ______ the pyramid. It means not producing rubbish in the first place. For example, say no to throwaway plastic cups at the 10. ______ (begin). Choose a glass instead! You can use it over and over again.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We produce a lot of rubbish every day. Where does all the rubbish go? Scientists have made an upside-down pyramid of the different ways 1. (deal) with rubbish.
In cities, you seldom see rubbish in open areas 2. people usually collect rubbish and send it to landfills. In some landfills, waste is treated to make it less harmful before it's 3. (bury). Once a landfill is full, people cover it with soil 4. (safe). A park or playground can be built on top of it then.
Another way to deal with rubbish is to burn it. This produces not only energy but also 5. (harm) gases. In some places, these gases are cleaned before they are let off.
In the middle of the pyramid is 6. (recycle). This means using rubbish to make new products. For example, people break up waste paper and mix it with water to make new paper.
7. (reuse) is another effective way to deal with rubbish. This means using "waste" in another way. Buying or selling second-hand things online is 8. good example.
Waste prevention is at the top 9. ______ the pyramid. It means not producing rubbish in the first place. For example, say no to throwaway plastic cups at the 10. ______ (begin). Choose a glass instead! You can use it over and over again.
答案
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了处理垃圾的不同方式。
1. to deal【点拨】the way to do sth. 意为“做某事的方法”，为固定用法。
2. because【点拨】根据“...people usually collect rubbish and send it to landfills”可知，此处说的是原因，应该用 because 引导原因状语从句。
3. buried【点拨】根据“waste is treated to make it less harmful before it’s....”可知，此处指垃圾被埋前，用被动语态，bury 的过去分词为 buried。
4. safely【点拨】此处用副词修饰动词 cover，safely 意为“安全地”。
5. harmful【点拨】修饰名词 gases 需用形容词，harm 的形容词形式为 harmful“有害的”。
6. recycling【点拨】此句是倒装句，空格处作主语，需用动名词，recycle 的动名词形式为 recycling。
7. Reusing【点拨】此处用动名词作主语，reusing 意为“再利用”，首字母大写。
8. a【点拨】此处泛指一个好例子，应该用冠词 a。
9. of【点拨】at the top of 意为“在……的顶端”，为固定短语。
10. beginning【点拨】at the beginning 意为“在开始时”，为固定短语。
1. to deal【点拨】the way to do sth. 意为“做某事的方法”，为固定用法。
2. because【点拨】根据“...people usually collect rubbish and send it to landfills”可知，此处说的是原因，应该用 because 引导原因状语从句。
3. buried【点拨】根据“waste is treated to make it less harmful before it’s....”可知，此处指垃圾被埋前，用被动语态，bury 的过去分词为 buried。
4. safely【点拨】此处用副词修饰动词 cover，safely 意为“安全地”。
5. harmful【点拨】修饰名词 gases 需用形容词，harm 的形容词形式为 harmful“有害的”。
6. recycling【点拨】此句是倒装句，空格处作主语，需用动名词，recycle 的动名词形式为 recycling。
7. Reusing【点拨】此处用动名词作主语，reusing 意为“再利用”，首字母大写。
8. a【点拨】此处泛指一个好例子，应该用冠词 a。
9. of【点拨】at the top of 意为“在……的顶端”，为固定短语。
10. beginning【点拨】at the beginning 意为“在开始时”，为固定短语。
解析
【分析】
先通读全文，明确主旨是介绍处理垃圾的不同方式，再逐个分析空格的解题方向：1. 考查固定结构；2. 考查因果关系的连词；3. 考查被动语态；4. 考查副词修饰动词；5. 考查形容词修饰名词；6. 考查动名词作主语；7. 考查句首动名词作主语；8. 考查不定冠词泛指；9. 考查固定短语；10. 考查固定短语。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配“the way to do sth.”，表示“做某事的方法”，故填to deal。
2. 前半句“你很少在开阔区域看到垃圾”和后半句“人们通常收集垃圾送往填埋场”是因果关系，后半句是原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
3. 此处为被动语态结构“be+过去分词”，表示“被掩埋”，bury的过去分词是buried，故填buried。
4. 此处修饰动词cover，需用副词，safely是safe的副词形式，意为“安全地”，故填safely。
5. 此处修饰名词gases，需用形容词，harm的形容词形式是harmful，意为“有害的”，故填harmful。
6. 此句为倒装句，空格处作主语，需用动名词，recycle的动名词形式是recycling，故填recycling。
7. 此处作主语，需用动名词，且位于句首首字母大写，reuse的动名词形式是Reusing，故填Reusing。
8. 此处泛指“一个好例子”，good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
9. 考查固定短语“at the top of”，意为“在……的顶端”，故填of。
10. 考查固定短语“at the beginning”，意为“在开始时”，故填beginning。
【答案】
1. to deal 2. because 3. buried 4. safely 5. harmful 6. recycling 7. Reusing 8. a 9. of 10. beginning
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、被动语态
【点评】
本题为短文填空，围绕处理垃圾的方式展开，综合考查固定短语、词性变化、被动语态、动名词作主语、连词及冠词的用法，需结合上下文语境和基础语法知识解题，注重基础知识的灵活运用。
【难度系数】
0.5
先通读全文，明确主旨是介绍处理垃圾的不同方式，再逐个分析空格的解题方向：1. 考查固定结构；2. 考查因果关系的连词；3. 考查被动语态；4. 考查副词修饰动词；5. 考查形容词修饰名词；6. 考查动名词作主语；7. 考查句首动名词作主语；8. 考查不定冠词泛指；9. 考查固定短语；10. 考查固定短语。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配“the way to do sth.”，表示“做某事的方法”，故填to deal。
2. 前半句“你很少在开阔区域看到垃圾”和后半句“人们通常收集垃圾送往填埋场”是因果关系，后半句是原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
3. 此处为被动语态结构“be+过去分词”，表示“被掩埋”，bury的过去分词是buried，故填buried。
4. 此处修饰动词cover，需用副词，safely是safe的副词形式，意为“安全地”，故填safely。
5. 此处修饰名词gases，需用形容词，harm的形容词形式是harmful，意为“有害的”，故填harmful。
6. 此句为倒装句，空格处作主语，需用动名词，recycle的动名词形式是recycling，故填recycling。
7. 此处作主语，需用动名词，且位于句首首字母大写，reuse的动名词形式是Reusing，故填Reusing。
8. 此处泛指“一个好例子”，good以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
9. 考查固定短语“at the top of”，意为“在……的顶端”，故填of。
10. 考查固定短语“at the beginning”，意为“在开始时”，故填beginning。
【答案】
1. to deal 2. because 3. buried 4. safely 5. harmful 6. recycling 7. Reusing 8. a 9. of 10. beginning
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、被动语态
【点评】
本题为短文填空，围绕处理垃圾的方式展开，综合考查固定短语、词性变化、被动语态、动名词作主语、连词及冠词的用法，需结合上下文语境和基础语法知识解题，注重基础知识的灵活运用。
【难度系数】
0.5
