十二、完形填空。(10 分)
London is such a wonderful city. It is very large. The Thames River runs 1 the city from west to east. So the city has 2 parts:the South and the North. In the North,there are important buildings,shops,big parks and interesting places.
The weather in London is good. In winter it is not very cold and in summer it is not very hot 3 the city is near the sea. People say 4 London is a foggy city and it often rains. It is true.
Last year,when I 5 in London,I met one of 6 fogs in years. You could hardly see your hand in front of your face. Cars and buses moved along with their lights on. When evening fell,the weather 7 even worse. The fog was as thick as milk. 8 the buses and cars stopped. I happened 9 an important meeting on the other side of the town,but it was impossible to find a car. I had to get there 10.
(
B. through
C. in
D. along
(
B. six
C. five
D. two
(
B. so
C. but
D. or
(
B. where
C. that
D. which
(
B. am
C. be
D. was
(
B. thicker
C. the thickest
D. thickest
(
B. got
C. turn
D. grew
(
B. Each
C. Every
D. None
(
B. have
C. having
D. had
(
B. by bus
C. on foot
D. on the foot
London is such a wonderful city. It is very large. The Thames River runs 1 the city from west to east. So the city has 2 parts:the South and the North. In the North,there are important buildings,shops,big parks and interesting places.
The weather in London is good. In winter it is not very cold and in summer it is not very hot 3 the city is near the sea. People say 4 London is a foggy city and it often rains. It is true.
Last year,when I 5 in London,I met one of 6 fogs in years. You could hardly see your hand in front of your face. Cars and buses moved along with their lights on. When evening fell,the weather 7 even worse. The fog was as thick as milk. 8 the buses and cars stopped. I happened 9 an important meeting on the other side of the town,but it was impossible to find a car. I had to get there 10.
(
B
)1. A. aboutB. through
C. in
D. along
(
D
)2. A. fourB. six
C. five
D. two
(
A
)3. A. becauseB. so
C. but
D. or
(
C
)4. A. whatB. where
C. that
D. which
(
D
)5. A. wereB. am
C. be
D. was
(
C
)6. A. thickB. thicker
C. the thickest
D. thickest
(
B
)7. A. becomeB. got
C. turn
D. grew
(
A
)8. A. AllB. Each
C. Every
D. None
(
A
)9. A. to haveB. have
C. having
D. had
(
C
)10. A. by carB. by bus
C. on foot
D. on the foot
答案
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.C
解析
【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文,理清文章整体大意:本文先介绍伦敦的地理位置、泰晤士河的分布,再介绍伦敦的气候特点,最后讲述作者去年在伦敦遇到特大浓雾的亲身经历。解题时逐空结合上下文的线索提示、基础语法规则、固定短语搭配逐一比对选项,排除不符合语境和语法的错误选项,全部选完后再代入全文通读验证逻辑是否通顺,就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空:泰晤士河从城市内部自西向东穿过,run through是固定搭配表示“流经、穿过(物体内部)”,A选项about意为关于,C选项in意为在…内部,不符合河流穿过城市的表意,D选项along意为沿着,不符合语境,故选B。
2. 第2空:后文明确提到城市分为南部和北部两个部分,因此对应数字two,故选D。
3. 第3空:前半句“冬天不太冷、夏天不太热”是结果,后半句“这座城市靠近大海”是原因,引导原因状语从句用because,故选A。
4. 第4空:空格后是结构完整的陈述句,作动词say的宾语,属于宾语从句,引导词that在从句中不充当成分、无实际含义,符合要求,其余选项都需要在从句中充当成分,故选C。
5. 第5空:时间状语Last year表示动作发生在过去,时态用一般过去时,主语是I,对应的be动词过去式为was,故选D。
6. 第6空:固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最…的…之一”,因此这里要填the thickest,故选C。
7. 第7空:描述过去的天气变化,动词要用过去式,got worse是常用表达表示“变得更糟”,其余选项A是动词原形、C多接颜色类表语、D侧重表示人/生物的成长,均不符合,故选B。
8. 第8空:后文语境说明雾太大,所有的公交车和私家车都停运了,all后接可数名词复数表示“全部的”,each、every后只能接单数名词,none表否定不符合语境,故选A。
9. 第9空:固定搭配happen to do sth. 表示“碰巧做某事”,因此要填不定式to have,故选A。
10. 第10空:前文说明所有车辆都停运了,找不到任何车,因此只能步行前往,on foot是固定搭配表示步行,故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.C
【知识点】
介词辨析,形容词最高级,固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础难度的完形填空,考点全部围绕初中低年级核心基础词汇、语法和常用短语,大部分空都可以通过上下文直接给出的线索快速选出答案,只要平时牢记基础固定搭配和基础语法规则,就能轻松完成,做完后建议把答案代入全文通读,检查逻辑是否连贯,避免低级错误。
【难度系数】
0.8
做完形填空首先要先通读全文,理清文章整体大意:本文先介绍伦敦的地理位置、泰晤士河的分布,再介绍伦敦的气候特点,最后讲述作者去年在伦敦遇到特大浓雾的亲身经历。解题时逐空结合上下文的线索提示、基础语法规则、固定短语搭配逐一比对选项,排除不符合语境和语法的错误选项,全部选完后再代入全文通读验证逻辑是否通顺,就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空:泰晤士河从城市内部自西向东穿过,run through是固定搭配表示“流经、穿过(物体内部)”,A选项about意为关于,C选项in意为在…内部,不符合河流穿过城市的表意,D选项along意为沿着,不符合语境,故选B。
2. 第2空:后文明确提到城市分为南部和北部两个部分,因此对应数字two,故选D。
3. 第3空:前半句“冬天不太冷、夏天不太热”是结果,后半句“这座城市靠近大海”是原因,引导原因状语从句用because,故选A。
4. 第4空:空格后是结构完整的陈述句,作动词say的宾语,属于宾语从句,引导词that在从句中不充当成分、无实际含义,符合要求,其余选项都需要在从句中充当成分,故选C。
5. 第5空:时间状语Last year表示动作发生在过去,时态用一般过去时,主语是I,对应的be动词过去式为was,故选D。
6. 第6空:固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最…的…之一”,因此这里要填the thickest,故选C。
7. 第7空:描述过去的天气变化,动词要用过去式,got worse是常用表达表示“变得更糟”,其余选项A是动词原形、C多接颜色类表语、D侧重表示人/生物的成长,均不符合,故选B。
8. 第8空:后文语境说明雾太大,所有的公交车和私家车都停运了,all后接可数名词复数表示“全部的”,each、every后只能接单数名词,none表否定不符合语境,故选A。
9. 第9空:固定搭配happen to do sth. 表示“碰巧做某事”,因此要填不定式to have,故选A。
10. 第10空:前文说明所有车辆都停运了,找不到任何车,因此只能步行前往,on foot是固定搭配表示步行,故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.C
【知识点】
介词辨析,形容词最高级,固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础难度的完形填空,考点全部围绕初中低年级核心基础词汇、语法和常用短语,大部分空都可以通过上下文直接给出的线索快速选出答案,只要平时牢记基础固定搭配和基础语法规则,就能轻松完成,做完后建议把答案代入全文通读,检查逻辑是否连贯,避免低级错误。
【难度系数】
0.8
(A)科普知识 根据短文内容,完成下面的句子,每空一词。(5 分)
Uluru is a very big rock in Australia. It is the biggest monolith(单块巨石). It is about 350 metres tall and 3 km long. Is that all? No. Its bigger part is under the ground. How deep is Uluru underground? About 6 km!
The east side of Uluru is taller,and its west side is shorter. It looks like a heart. Uluru is in the middle of Australia,so Uluru is called “the heart of Australia”.
You can see some pictures on the rock. They were drawn by ancient Australians. The circles stand for water,the arrows stand for kangaroos and the dots stand for land. They’re interesting!
1. Uluru is in the middle of
2. Uluru is a large
3. The bigger part of Uluru is
4. You can see some
5. Uluru is called “the
Uluru is a very big rock in Australia. It is the biggest monolith(单块巨石). It is about 350 metres tall and 3 km long. Is that all? No. Its bigger part is under the ground. How deep is Uluru underground? About 6 km!
The east side of Uluru is taller,and its west side is shorter. It looks like a heart. Uluru is in the middle of Australia,so Uluru is called “the heart of Australia”.
You can see some pictures on the rock. They were drawn by ancient Australians. The circles stand for water,the arrows stand for kangaroos and the dots stand for land. They’re interesting!
1. Uluru is in the middle of
Australia
.2. Uluru is a large
rock
in Australia.3. The bigger part of Uluru is
under
the ground.4. You can see some
pictures
on the rock.5. Uluru is called “the
heart
of Australia”.答案
1.Australia 2.rock 3.under 4.pictures 5.heart
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普类的细节型阅读填空题,解题思路清晰易懂:首先先快速通读整篇短文,了解Uluru这块澳大利亚巨石的基本介绍,之后逐个对照题干的句子,回到原文精准定位对应的原句,找到符合句意、同时满足每空一词要求的单词即可,所有空的答案都可以直接在原文中找到对应内容,不需要额外复杂推理。
【解析】
我们逐题定位原文匹配答案:
1. 定位到原文第二段第三句"Uluru is in the middle of Australia",直接提取空缺处的对应单词Australia即可。
2. 定位到原文第一段第一句"Uluru is a very big rock in Australia",题干中large和原文的very big表意一致,空缺处填rock。
3. 定位到原文第一段倒数第三句"Its bigger part is under the ground",直接提取空缺处的对应单词under即可。
4. 定位到原文第三段第一句"You can see some pictures on the rock",直接提取空缺处的对应单词pictures即可。
5. 定位到原文第二段最后一句"so Uluru is called “the heart of Australia”",直接提取空缺处的对应单词heart即可。
【答案】
1.Australia 2.rock 3.under 4.pictures 5.heart
【知识点】
阅读细节查找,短文信息匹配
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的阅读理解细节题,所有答案都可以直接从原文定位获取,不需要复杂的逻辑推理,主要考察学生快速在短文中定位目标信息的能力,难度很低,适合刚接触阅读填空的学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇科普类的细节型阅读填空题,解题思路清晰易懂:首先先快速通读整篇短文,了解Uluru这块澳大利亚巨石的基本介绍,之后逐个对照题干的句子,回到原文精准定位对应的原句,找到符合句意、同时满足每空一词要求的单词即可,所有空的答案都可以直接在原文中找到对应内容,不需要额外复杂推理。
【解析】
我们逐题定位原文匹配答案:
1. 定位到原文第二段第三句"Uluru is in the middle of Australia",直接提取空缺处的对应单词Australia即可。
2. 定位到原文第一段第一句"Uluru is a very big rock in Australia",题干中large和原文的very big表意一致,空缺处填rock。
3. 定位到原文第一段倒数第三句"Its bigger part is under the ground",直接提取空缺处的对应单词under即可。
4. 定位到原文第三段第一句"You can see some pictures on the rock",直接提取空缺处的对应单词pictures即可。
5. 定位到原文第二段最后一句"so Uluru is called “the heart of Australia”",直接提取空缺处的对应单词heart即可。
【答案】
1.Australia 2.rock 3.under 4.pictures 5.heart
【知识点】
阅读细节查找,短文信息匹配
【点评】
本题属于非常基础的阅读理解细节题,所有答案都可以直接从原文定位获取,不需要复杂的逻辑推理,主要考察学生快速在短文中定位目标信息的能力,难度很低,适合刚接触阅读填空的学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.9
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