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阅读下面的材料,从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A(真题·嘉兴)
After staying at the International Space Station for nine months, American astronauts Sunita Williams and Barry Wilmore finally returned to the earth. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft(航天器) took them home.
Williams and Wilmore arrived on the ISS in June 2024 for a week-long trip. However, because of problems with their spacecraft, they had to wait to return to the earth.
Life for the two astronauts in space was busy. They spent over 900 hours on science studies and did experiments that will help with future medical development. Williams also finished two spacewalks, bringing her total to nine—a new record for women astronauts.
To keep their bodies from getting too weak in the zero-gravity(零重力) environment, the astronauts exercised for at least two hours a day. They used special tools to copy the feeling of working out on earth.
“We’re doing pretty well, actually. We’ve got food, we’ve got clothes. Both of us have trained to live and work on the International Space Station, and I think we’ve made the most of it,” said Williams.
Even with their efforts, they still became weaker. What’s more, Space travellers experience 100 times more radiation(辐射) than people on earth, which may increase their risk of illness in the future.
The two astronauts not only worked in space but also did other things. For example, they wore Christmas hats and made video calls with their loved ones to celebrate the festival.
(
A. They had to do more experiments.
B. The ISS asked them to finish science studies.
C. There was something wrong with their spacecraft.
D. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft arrived late to pick them up.
(
①The bad weather.
②The strong radiation.
③The zero-gravity environment.
④The simple food and clothes.
A. ①②
B. ②③
C. ③④
D. ②④
(
A. By making video calls.
B. By taking spacewalks.
C. By doing experiments.
D. By copying the feeling on earth.
A(真题·嘉兴)
After staying at the International Space Station for nine months, American astronauts Sunita Williams and Barry Wilmore finally returned to the earth. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft(航天器) took them home.
Williams and Wilmore arrived on the ISS in June 2024 for a week-long trip. However, because of problems with their spacecraft, they had to wait to return to the earth.
Life for the two astronauts in space was busy. They spent over 900 hours on science studies and did experiments that will help with future medical development. Williams also finished two spacewalks, bringing her total to nine—a new record for women astronauts.
To keep their bodies from getting too weak in the zero-gravity(零重力) environment, the astronauts exercised for at least two hours a day. They used special tools to copy the feeling of working out on earth.
“We’re doing pretty well, actually. We’ve got food, we’ve got clothes. Both of us have trained to live and work on the International Space Station, and I think we’ve made the most of it,” said Williams.
Even with their efforts, they still became weaker. What’s more, Space travellers experience 100 times more radiation(辐射) than people on earth, which may increase their risk of illness in the future.
The two astronauts not only worked in space but also did other things. For example, they wore Christmas hats and made video calls with their loved ones to celebrate the festival.
(
C
)16. Why did Williams and Wilmore stay at the ISS for nine months?A. They had to do more experiments.
B. The ISS asked them to finish science studies.
C. There was something wrong with their spacecraft.
D. The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft arrived late to pick them up.
(
B
)17. Which may cause problems for the health of the astronauts according to the passage?①The bad weather.
②The strong radiation.
③The zero-gravity environment.
④The simple food and clothes.
A. ①②
B. ②③
C. ③④
D. ②④
(
A
)18. How did Williams and Wilmore communicate with their families?A. By making video calls.
B. By taking spacewalks.
C. By doing experiments.
D. By copying the feeling on earth.
答案
16.C 17.B 18.A
解析
【分析】
做英语阅读理解细节题时，需先明确题干核心问题，再带着问题回到原文定位相关信息，对比选项排除错误表述，选出与原文一致的最佳答案。本题3道小题均为细节类题目，需精准定位原文对应内容即可解题。
【解析】
16题：原文第二段明确提到“because of problems with their spacecraft, they had to wait to return to the earth”，说明二人停留9个月是因为航天器出问题，对应选项C。
17题：原文第四段指出零重力环境会让宇航员身体变弱，第六段提到太空旅行的强辐射会增加患病风险，因此②③是影响健康的因素，对应选项B。
18题：原文最后一段提到“they...made video calls with their loved ones to celebrate the festival”，说明二人通过视频通话和家人沟通，对应选项A。
【答案】
16.C 17.B 18.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的细节类阅读理解题，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，难度适中，只要能准确找到原文对应内容即可得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
做英语阅读理解细节题时，需先明确题干核心问题，再带着问题回到原文定位相关信息，对比选项排除错误表述，选出与原文一致的最佳答案。本题3道小题均为细节类题目，需精准定位原文对应内容即可解题。
【解析】
16题：原文第二段明确提到“because of problems with their spacecraft, they had to wait to return to the earth”，说明二人停留9个月是因为航天器出问题，对应选项C。
17题：原文第四段指出零重力环境会让宇航员身体变弱，第六段提到太空旅行的强辐射会增加患病风险，因此②③是影响健康的因素，对应选项B。
18题：原文最后一段提到“they...made video calls with their loved ones to celebrate the festival”，说明二人通过视频通话和家人沟通，对应选项A。
【答案】
16.C 17.B 18.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的细节类阅读理解题，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，难度适中，只要能准确找到原文对应内容即可得分。
【难度系数】
0.8
