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七、 [先进文化 为人民服务] 阅读理解 主题:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:思维品质 词数:约350 建议用时:9分钟
Recently, Beyond the Clouds (《我本是高山》), a film about Zhang Guimei, a rural (乡村的) teacher in Huaping County, Lijiang, Yunnan Province, has greatly touched many people’s hearts.
About 20 years ago, while on the way to visit a student’s house, Zhang noticed a girl sitting on the hillside. The girl, 13, told Zhang she was about to get married. It was arranged by her parents. “But I want to go to school,” the girl said. Zhang went to her house and tried to persuade her parents to let the girl return to school and promised to pay her tuition (学费) herself. However, they didn’t agree. “We always say each child should stand on the same starting line, but these girls didn’t even have a chance to get on the track (跑道),” she told Xinhua News Agency.
After that, Zhang Guimei made up her mind to build a free high school for girls, aiming to help break the cycle that saw girls drop out of education, marry early and spend their whole life in the deep mountains. After years of trying to raise money, in 2008, Huaping High School for Girls, a free public high school, was founded at the foot of the Shizi Mountain in Huaping, where Zhang is the headmaster. More than 1,800 graduates from Huaping High School for Girls have gone to the college, which is an amazing achievement in the deep mountain area.
Zhang also says a girl can influence three generations (代), and she wants more girls from the mountains to attend the best universities.
Zhang Guimei has lighted the hopes of many girls. “I was built to be a mountain, not a creek (溪流), rising to the high peaks with the small valleys at my feet. I was born to be great, not worthless, standing on the shoulders of the giants, the petty cowards (懦夫) beneath me.” That is the promise that every student there makes to themselves.
(
A. The girl climbed a hill.
B. The girl returned to school.
C. The girl paid her tuition.
D. The girl’s parents were going to marry her to someone.
(
A. 说服
B. 密告
C. 邀请
D. 支持
(
① Huaping High School for Girls was founded.
② More than 1,800 graduates from Zhang’s school have gone to the college.
③ Beyond the Clouds, a film about Zhang Guimei, touched many people’s hearts.
④ A visit to a girl’s house let Zhang make up her mind to build a free high school for girls.
A. ①→②→③→④ B. ②→④→①→② C. ④→①→②→③ D. ④→③→②→①
(
A. Painful and sad.
B. Confident and proud.
C. Humorous and funny.
D. Disappointed and ashamed.
(
A. A free high school
B. Education in rural China
C. Zhang Guimei’s students
D. A common but great teacher
Recently, Beyond the Clouds (《我本是高山》), a film about Zhang Guimei, a rural (乡村的) teacher in Huaping County, Lijiang, Yunnan Province, has greatly touched many people’s hearts.
About 20 years ago, while on the way to visit a student’s house, Zhang noticed a girl sitting on the hillside. The girl, 13, told Zhang she was about to get married. It was arranged by her parents. “But I want to go to school,” the girl said. Zhang went to her house and tried to persuade her parents to let the girl return to school and promised to pay her tuition (学费) herself. However, they didn’t agree. “We always say each child should stand on the same starting line, but these girls didn’t even have a chance to get on the track (跑道),” she told Xinhua News Agency.
After that, Zhang Guimei made up her mind to build a free high school for girls, aiming to help break the cycle that saw girls drop out of education, marry early and spend their whole life in the deep mountains. After years of trying to raise money, in 2008, Huaping High School for Girls, a free public high school, was founded at the foot of the Shizi Mountain in Huaping, where Zhang is the headmaster. More than 1,800 graduates from Huaping High School for Girls have gone to the college, which is an amazing achievement in the deep mountain area.
Zhang also says a girl can influence three generations (代), and she wants more girls from the mountains to attend the best universities.
Zhang Guimei has lighted the hopes of many girls. “I was built to be a mountain, not a creek (溪流), rising to the high peaks with the small valleys at my feet. I was born to be great, not worthless, standing on the shoulders of the giants, the petty cowards (懦夫) beneath me.” That is the promise that every student there makes to themselves.
(
D
) 1. What happened to the 13-year-old girl when Zhang Guimei visited her house?A. The girl climbed a hill.
B. The girl returned to school.
C. The girl paid her tuition.
D. The girl’s parents were going to marry her to someone.
(
A
) 2. What does the underlined word “persuade” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. 说服
B. 密告
C. 邀请
D. 支持
(
C
) 3. [新考法 逻辑排序] What is the right time order of the following events?① Huaping High School for Girls was founded.
② More than 1,800 graduates from Zhang’s school have gone to the college.
③ Beyond the Clouds, a film about Zhang Guimei, touched many people’s hearts.
④ A visit to a girl’s house let Zhang make up her mind to build a free high school for girls.
A. ①→②→③→④ B. ②→④→①→② C. ④→①→②→③ D. ④→③→②→①
(
B
) 4. Which of the following best describes the promise that every student makes according to the last paragraph?A. Painful and sad.
B. Confident and proud.
C. Humorous and funny.
D. Disappointed and ashamed.
(
D
) 5. What can be the best title for the text?A. A free high school
B. Education in rural China
C. Zhang Guimei’s students
D. A common but great teacher
答案
答案速查 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D
【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了云南丽江华坪县乡村教师张桂梅的感人事迹。
1. D【点拨】细节理解题。根据“The girl, 13, told Zhang she was about to get married. It was arranged by her parents.”可知，这个13岁的女孩正被父母安排嫁人。
2. A【点拨】词义猜测题。根据“Zhang went to her house and tried to persuade her parents to let the girl return to school”可判断该词意为“说服”。
3. C【点拨】逻辑排序题。根据文章内容可知，事件的顺序是：④ A visit to a girl’s house let Zhang make up her mind to build a free high school for girls. → ① Huaping High School for Girls was founded. → ② More than 1,800 graduates from Zhang’s school have gone to the college. → ③ Beyond the Clouds, a film about Zhang Guimei, touched many people’s hearts.，因此选C。
4. B【点拨】推理判断题。由最后一段可知，学生的誓言表达了要成为像山一样伟岸、伟大的人，体现出自信与自豪。
5. D【点拨】最佳标题题。文章围绕张桂梅展开，讲述了她作为一名平凡却伟大的教师，创办免费女高帮助山区女孩的故事。因此D选项最适合作为文章的标题。
【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了云南丽江华坪县乡村教师张桂梅的感人事迹。
1. D【点拨】细节理解题。根据“The girl, 13, told Zhang she was about to get married. It was arranged by her parents.”可知，这个13岁的女孩正被父母安排嫁人。
2. A【点拨】词义猜测题。根据“Zhang went to her house and tried to persuade her parents to let the girl return to school”可判断该词意为“说服”。
3. C【点拨】逻辑排序题。根据文章内容可知，事件的顺序是：④ A visit to a girl’s house let Zhang make up her mind to build a free high school for girls. → ① Huaping High School for Girls was founded. → ② More than 1,800 graduates from Zhang’s school have gone to the college. → ③ Beyond the Clouds, a film about Zhang Guimei, touched many people’s hearts.，因此选C。
4. B【点拨】推理判断题。由最后一段可知，学生的誓言表达了要成为像山一样伟岸、伟大的人，体现出自信与自豪。
5. D【点拨】最佳标题题。文章围绕张桂梅展开，讲述了她作为一名平凡却伟大的教师，创办免费女高帮助山区女孩的故事。因此D选项最适合作为文章的标题。
解析
【分析】
本题是关于张桂梅事迹的阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、逻辑排序、推理判断、主旨大意五种常见题型。解题时需针对不同题型采用对应方法：1. 细节理解题：定位题干关键词，回到原文匹配对应信息；2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文语境推断生词含义；3. 逻辑排序题：梳理事件先后顺序，从原文找时间节点或逻辑关联；4. 推理判断题：结合段落内容提炼隐含情感态度；5. 主旨大意题：把握全文核心人物与事件，确定最佳标题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“13-year-old girl”定位到第二段，原文提到“The girl,13...she was about to get married. It was arranged by her parents.”，对应选项D。
2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文“tried to persuade her parents to let the girl return to school”，张桂梅希望女孩回校，此处“persuade”意为“说服”，选A。
3. 逻辑排序题：梳理事件顺序：④（拜访女孩后决定建免费女高）→①（2008年华坪女高成立）→②（超1800名毕业生考上大学）→③（电影《我本是高山》触动人心），对应选项C。
4. 推理判断题：最后一段学生誓言“我本是高山，不是溪流”体现出自信与自豪的态度，选B。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕张桂梅这位平凡却伟大的乡村教师展开，讲述她创办免费女高帮助山区女孩的事迹，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D
【知识点】
细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意概括
【点评】
本文结合先进文化主题，通过张桂梅的感人事迹考查学生阅读理解核心能力，题型覆盖全面，既注重信息查找，又考查逻辑思维与主旨把握，兼具知识性与教育意义。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是关于张桂梅事迹的阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、逻辑排序、推理判断、主旨大意五种常见题型。解题时需针对不同题型采用对应方法：1. 细节理解题：定位题干关键词，回到原文匹配对应信息；2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文语境推断生词含义；3. 逻辑排序题：梳理事件先后顺序，从原文找时间节点或逻辑关联；4. 推理判断题：结合段落内容提炼隐含情感态度；5. 主旨大意题：把握全文核心人物与事件，确定最佳标题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“13-year-old girl”定位到第二段，原文提到“The girl,13...she was about to get married. It was arranged by her parents.”，对应选项D。
2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文“tried to persuade her parents to let the girl return to school”，张桂梅希望女孩回校，此处“persuade”意为“说服”，选A。
3. 逻辑排序题：梳理事件顺序：④（拜访女孩后决定建免费女高）→①（2008年华坪女高成立）→②（超1800名毕业生考上大学）→③（电影《我本是高山》触动人心），对应选项C。
4. 推理判断题：最后一段学生誓言“我本是高山，不是溪流”体现出自信与自豪的态度，选B。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕张桂梅这位平凡却伟大的乡村教师展开，讲述她创办免费女高帮助山区女孩的事迹，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D
【知识点】
细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意概括
【点评】
本文结合先进文化主题，通过张桂梅的感人事迹考查学生阅读理解核心能力，题型覆盖全面，既注重信息查找，又考查逻辑思维与主旨把握，兼具知识性与教育意义。
【难度系数】
0.6
