2026年能力素养与学力提升八年级英语上册译林版第123页答案
一、根据括号中的中文提示写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。
1. Many
penguins
(企鹅) live in Antarctica where the temperature is very low.
2. The
reefs
(礁) in the ocean provide homes for thousands of marine animals.
3. Global warming is changing the world's
climate
(气候), leading to more extreme weather.
4. Healthy
ecosystems
(生态系统) are important for maintaining the balance of nature.
5. The yearly
rainfall
(降雨量) in this area is about 1,000 millimetres, suitable for farming.
6.
Coral
(珊瑚礁) grows slowly and forms colourful structures in warm seawater.

答案

1. penguins 2. reefs 3. climate 4. ecosystems 5. rainfall 6. Coral

解析

【分析】
本题为根据中文提示补全英语单词的词汇题,解题思路:①先确定每个句子所缺单词的词性(多为名词);②结合句子的语法规则(如many后接可数名词复数、主谓一致判断单复数、句首单词首字母大写等),对应中文提示写出正确的英语单词,确保形式符合句子要求。
【解析】
1. 由many可知,此处需填可数名词复数,“企鹅”的复数形式为penguins;
2. 谓语动词provide为原形,主语需用复数,“礁”的复数形式为reefs;
3. “气候”对应的不可数名词为climate,符合语境;
4. 谓语动词are为复数,主语需用复数,“生态系统”的复数形式为ecosystems;
5. “降雨量”对应的不可数名词为rainfall,符合语境;
6. 句首单词首字母大写,且谓语动词grows为单数,主语用单数,“珊瑚礁”为Coral。
【答案】
1. penguins 2. reefs 3. climate 4. ecosystems 5. rainfall 6. Coral
【知识点】
英语名词拼写,名词单复数,句首字母大写
【点评】
本题考查与自然环境相关的基础英语词汇,侧重名词的正确拼写及语法形式的运用,是英语学习中基础的词汇题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、根据短文内容,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空,使短文完整通顺。
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. It 1 (cover) almost a third of the earth.
The smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean. It's about 10 times 2 (small) than the Pacific Ocean.
The deepest spot in the ocean is the Mariana Trench. It's about 11,000 m deep in the Pacific Ocean. That's deeper than the 3 (high) of Mount Everest(8,848.86 m), the highest mountain in the world!
The lowest lake is the Dead Sea. 4 (it) water is 430.5 m below sea level. The Dead Sea 5 (be) the saltiest lake in the world. That's why almost nothing can live in it.
The River Nile in Egypt is the longest river. It's 6,650 km long and 6 (flow) into the Mediterranean Sea.
The Amazon in South 7 (American) is the largest river with the greatest water flow (水流). This is because it flows through the Amazon rainforest, the largest and 8 (wet) rainforest on our planet.
Angel Falls in Venezuela is the highest waterfall in the world at 979 m. It's also one of 9 (beauty) waterfalls.
If you are 10 (interest) in more water facts, please join us and make the geography project together!
1.
covers
2.
smaller
3.
height
4.
Its
5.
is

6.
flows
7.
America
8.
wettest
9.
the most beautiful
10.
interested

答案

1. covers 2. smaller 3. height 4. Its 5. is 6. flows 7. America 8. wettest 9. the most beautiful 10. interested

解析

【分析】
本题是英语语法填空题,需结合句子时态、词性变化、比较级/最高级规则、固定搭配等知识逐一解题:先判断每个空在句中充当的成分,再结合提示词的形式变化规则,以及语境、固定结构确定正确形式。
【解析】
1. 句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语it指代The Pacific Ocean,是第三人称单数,故cover变covers。
2. 句中出现than,是比较级标志,故small变比较级smaller。
3. 此处表示“珠穆朗玛峰的高度”,需用high的名词形式height。
4. 修饰名词water,需用it的形容词性物主代词Its,句首首字母大写。
5. 主语The Dead Sea是单数,一般现在时中be动词用is。
6. 与前面的is并列作谓语,主语it(指代尼罗河)是第三人称单数,故flow变flows。
7. “南美洲”的正确表达是South America,故American变America。
8. 与前面的largest并列,需用wet的最高级形式wettest。
9. 固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”,beautiful是多音节形容词,最高级为the most beautiful。
10. 固定搭配be interested in(对……感兴趣),故用interested。
【答案】
1. covers 2. smaller 3. height 4. Its 5. is 6. flows 7. America 8. wettest 9. the most beautiful 10. interested
【知识点】
一般现在时动词形式、形容词比较级与最高级、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法与词形变化,涵盖时态、比较级、固定搭配等核心考点,题型常规,侧重基础应用,是英语学习中的常见基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8