二、阅读理解
Have you ever heard of underwater archaeologists? These scientists explore ancient places and artefacts hidden under the sea.
Throughout history, lots of artefacts have been lost underwater. Because of limits of the human body and technology, the ocean floor remains largely unexplored. That's why we need underwater archaeologists.
On Pingtan Island in Fujian Province, there's a training centre for future underwater archaeologists. Students from all over China come here to learn how to protect and study artefacts which are discovered underwater. The training is tough. It requires years of hard work and practice. Right now, there are fewer than 200 underwater archaeologists in China.
Underwater work, like many outdoor activities, depends greatly on the weather. The best time for underwater work is from May to November, because sea conditions are good during that period. However, this is also the typhoon season. Underwater archaeologists need to be patient and wait for the right moments.
In 1987, a sunken ship named Nanhai One was discovered in the South China Sea. At that time, Chinese archaeologists were not fully prepared for the excavation(发掘). Later, Cui Yong, an underwater archaeologist, played a key role in the project. The ship, carrying over 180,000 artefacts, went down about 800 years ago while travelling from Quanzhou in China to the Indian Ocean. This makes it a key piece of evidence for studying the Maritime Silk Road(海上丝绸之路) and research on it has continued ever since.
Now, underwater archaeology has developed greatly in China. Thanks to archaeologists like Cui, forgotten stories can now be brought to light again.
()1. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By telling a story.
B. By asking a question.
C. By giving an example.
D. By showing ancient things.
()2. What does the underlined word "tough" most probably mean in English?
A. Interesting.
B. Challenging.
C. Encouraging.
D. Impossible.
()3. What's Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. How to keep away from typhoons.
B. Changes of sea conditions all year.
C. Outdoor activities of archaeologists.
D. Time and weather for underwater work.
()4. Which is the correct order of the events?
①Nanhai One was discovered.
②Cui Yong played an important role in the excavation.
③The ship sank about 800 years ago.
④Research on the ship is still going on.
A. ③①②④
B. ①③②④
C. ③②①④
D. ①②③④
()5. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Underwater Archaeology in China
B. Training of Underwater Archaeologists
C. The Life of An Underwater Archaeologist
D. The Surprising Discovery of Nanhai One

1.B 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.A

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、事件排序等常见阅读考点。解题思路为：先通读全文把握核心主旨，再针对每个题目定位原文对应内容，逐一分析选项排除错误答案，选出符合原文的正确选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第一段第一句“Have you ever heard of underwater archaeologists?”，该句为疑问句，说明作者以提问的方式开篇，对应选项B。
2. 第2题：定位第三段，画线词“tough”后提到“It requires years of hard work and practice”，说明训练需要付出大量努力，推测“tough”意为“有挑战性的”，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：定位第四段，该段围绕水下工作依赖天气、最佳工作时间展开，主旨为水下工作的时间与天气，对应选项D。
4. 第4题：定位第五段，事件顺序为：③南海一号800年前沉没→①1987年被发现→②崔永在发掘中起关键作用→④对该船的研究仍在继续，对应顺序③①②④，选A。
5. 第5题：全文围绕中国的水下考古展开，包括水下考古学家的培训、工作条件、南海一号的发掘研究等，主旨为中国的水下考古，对应标题A。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为初中英语常规阅读理解题，涵盖多种核心阅读题型，需学生掌握原文定位、词义推测、主旨概括等阅读技能，整体难度适中，适合中等水平学生完成。
【难度系数】
0.6