1. 如果$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{e}{f}(b+d+f≠0)$,那么下列各项中正确的是(
A.$\frac{ac}{bd}=\frac{e}{f}$
B.$\frac{a+c+e}{b+d+f}=\frac{e}{f}$
C.$\frac{a^2}{b}=\frac{c^2}{d}=\frac{e^2}{f}$
D.$\frac{a+1}{b}=\frac{c+1}{d}=\frac{e+1}{f}$
B
)A.$\frac{ac}{bd}=\frac{e}{f}$
B.$\frac{a+c+e}{b+d+f}=\frac{e}{f}$
C.$\frac{a^2}{b}=\frac{c^2}{d}=\frac{e^2}{f}$
D.$\frac{a+1}{b}=\frac{c+1}{d}=\frac{e+1}{f}$
答案
B 解析: A. $\frac{ac}{bd}=(\frac{e}{f})^2$,A选项错误;B. 根据等比性质得$\frac{a+c+e}{b+d+f}=\frac{e}{f}$,B选项正确;C. $\because a,c,e$不一定相等,$\therefore$ 无法得到$\frac{a^2}{b}=\frac{c^2}{d}=\frac{e^2}{f}$,C选项错误;$\frac{a+1}{b}=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{1}{b},\frac{c+1}{d}=\frac{c}{d}+\frac{1}{d}$,$\frac{e+1}{f}=\frac{e}{f}+\frac{1}{f}$,$\because b,d,f$不一定相等,$\therefore$ 无法得到$\frac{a+1}{b}=\frac{c+1}{d}=\frac{e+1}{f}$,D选项错误,故选 B.
2. (2026·沈阳期中)若$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{e}{f}=3$,且$b+d+f=2$,则$a+c+e=$(
A.12
B.9
C.6
D.4
C
)A.12
B.9
C.6
D.4
答案
C 解析: 根据等比性质得$\frac{a+c+e}{b+d+f}=3$.$\because b+d+f=2$,$\therefore a+c+e=2×3=6$.故选 C.
3. 如果$\frac{x}{y}=\frac{3}{2}$,则$\frac{x+y}{y}=$(
A.$\frac{1}{2}$
B.$\frac{3}{2}$
C.$\frac{5}{2}$
D.$\frac{2}{5}$
C
)A.$\frac{1}{2}$
B.$\frac{3}{2}$
C.$\frac{5}{2}$
D.$\frac{2}{5}$
答案
C 解析: $\because \frac{x}{y}=\frac{3}{2}$,$\therefore x=\frac{3}{2}y$,$\frac{x+y}{y}=\frac{\frac{3}{2}y+y}{y}=\frac{5}{2}$.故选 C.
4. 已知$5a=4b(b≠0)$,则$\frac{a-b}{b}$的值为(
A.$\frac{1}{5}$
B.$-\frac{1}{5}$
C.$\frac{1}{4}$
D.$-\frac{1}{4}$
B
)A.$\frac{1}{5}$
B.$-\frac{1}{5}$
C.$\frac{1}{4}$
D.$-\frac{1}{4}$
答案
B 解析: $\because 5a=4b(b≠0)$,$\therefore a=\frac{4}{5}b$,$\frac{a-b}{b}=\frac{\frac{4}{5}b-b}{b}=-\frac{1}{5}$.故选 B.
5. (雅安中考)若$a:b=3:4$,且$a+b=14$,则$2a-b$的值是 (
A.4
B.2
C.20
D.14
A
)A.4
B.2
C.20
D.14
答案
A 解析: 由 $a: b=3: 4$ 知 $3b=4a$,$\therefore b=\frac{4a}{3}$.$\because a+b=14$,$\therefore a+\frac{4a}{3}=14$,解得 $a=6$,$\therefore b=8$,$\therefore 2a-b=2×6-8=4$.故选 A.
6. 在四边形$ABCD$与四边形$A'B'C'D'$中,$\frac{AB}{A'B'}$ = $\frac{BC}{B'C'}$ = $\frac{CD}{C'D'}$ = $\frac{DA}{D'A'}$ = $\frac{2}{3}$,若四边形$ABCD$的周长为48 cm,则四边形$A'B'C'D'$的周长为
72
cm.答案
72 解析: $\because \frac{AB}{A'B'}=\frac{BC}{B'C'}=\frac{CD}{C'D'}=\frac{DA}{D'A'}=\frac{2}{3}$,根据等比性质得$\frac{AB+BC+CD+DA}{A'B'+B'C'+C'D'+D'A'}=\frac{2}{3}$,$\because AB+BC+CD+DA=48$ cm,$\therefore A'B'+B'C'+C'D'+D'A'=\frac{48}{2}×3=72$(cm),即四边形 $A'B'C'D'$的周长为 72 cm.
7. 一题多变 (1)若$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{3}{4}$,则$\frac{2a - b}{b}=$
(2)(攀枝花中考)若$\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{3}$(x,y,z均不为0),则$\frac{x + 3y}{3y - 2z}=$
$\frac{1}{2}$
。(2)(攀枝花中考)若$\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{3}$(x,y,z均不为0),则$\frac{x + 3y}{3y - 2z}=$
3
。答案
(1)$\frac{1}{2}$ 解析: $\because \frac{a}{b}=\frac{3}{4}$,$\therefore$ 设 $a=3k$,则 $b=4k$,$\therefore \frac{2a-b}{b}=\frac{6k-4k}{4k}=\frac{2k}{4k}=\frac{1}{2}$.
(2)3 解析: 设 $\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{3}=k(k≠0)$,则 $x=6k,y=4k,z=3k$,所以$\frac{x+3y}{3y-2z}=\frac{6k+12k}{12k-6k}=3$.
(2)3 解析: 设 $\frac{x}{6}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{3}=k(k≠0)$,则 $x=6k,y=4k,z=3k$,所以$\frac{x+3y}{3y-2z}=\frac{6k+12k}{12k-6k}=3$.
8. (1)如果$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k(b+d≠0)$,且$a+c=5(b+d)$,那么$k=$
(2)若$\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{4},a+b+c=18$,则$a=$
5
.(2)若$\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{4},a+b+c=18$,则$a=$
4
.答案
(1)5 解析: $\because \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k$,$\therefore \frac{a+c}{b+d}=k$.$\because a+c=5(b+d)$,$\therefore \frac{a+c}{b+d}=5$,$\therefore k=5$.
(2)4 解析: 设 $\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{4}=k$,则 $a=2k,b=3k,c=4k$.$\because a+b+c=18$,$\therefore 2k+3k+4k=18$,解得 $k=2$,$\therefore a=2k=4$.
(2)4 解析: 设 $\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{4}=k$,则 $a=2k,b=3k,c=4k$.$\because a+b+c=18$,$\therefore 2k+3k+4k=18$,解得 $k=2$,$\therefore a=2k=4$.
9. (2026·深圳月考)已知$a,b,c$是$△ ABC$的三边长,且$\frac{2}{a}=\frac{3}{b}=\frac{4}{c}$,$△ ABC$的周长为81,求三边$a,b,c$的长。
答案
设 $\frac{2}{a}=\frac{3}{b}=\frac{4}{c}=k$,根据等比性质得$\frac{2+3+4}{a+b+c}=\frac{9}{a+b+c}=k$,由题知 $a+b+c=81$,$\therefore k=\frac{9}{81}=\frac{1}{9}$,$\therefore a=\frac{2}{k}=18$,$b=\frac{3}{k}=27$,$c=\frac{4}{k}=36$.
10. 已知$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{e}{f}=2024(b-d+f≠0,b+2d-5f≠0).$
(1)求$\frac{a - c + e}{b - d + f}$的值;
(2)求$\frac{b + 2d -5f}{a + 2c -5e}$的值.
(1)求$\frac{a - c + e}{b - d + f}$的值;
(2)求$\frac{b + 2d -5f}{a + 2c -5e}$的值.
答案
(1) $\because \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{e}{f}=2\ 024,b-d+f≠0$,$\therefore \frac{a}{b}=\frac{-c}{-d}=\frac{e}{f}=2\ 024$,$\therefore \frac{a-c+e}{b-d+f}=\frac{a}{b}=2\ 024$.
(2) $\because \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{e}{f}=2\ 024$,$b+2d-5f≠0$,$\therefore \frac{a}{b}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{-5e}{-5f}=2\ 024$,$\therefore \frac{a+2c-5e}{b+2d-5f}=\frac{a}{b}=2\ 024$,$\therefore \frac{b+2d-5f}{a+2c-5e}=\frac{1}{2\ 024}$.
(2) $\because \frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{e}{f}=2\ 024$,$b+2d-5f≠0$,$\therefore \frac{a}{b}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{-5e}{-5f}=2\ 024$,$\therefore \frac{a+2c-5e}{b+2d-5f}=\frac{a}{b}=2\ 024$,$\therefore \frac{b+2d-5f}{a+2c-5e}=\frac{1}{2\ 024}$.
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