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Ⅰ.从方框中选择适当的词语并用其适当形式
填空
hardly find come up with pollute
1. Though ignored by many people, noise
2.—Are you in trouble?
—Yes. I lost my keys but I don't know where
3.—You know what? There will be 3 days off next week.
—Great! I can
4.I am glad to know that he
填空
hardly find come up with pollute
1. Though ignored by many people, noise
pollution
remains a big problem in cities.2.—Are you in trouble?
—Yes. I lost my keys but I don't know where
to find
them.3.—You know what? There will be 3 days off next week.
—Great! I can
hardly
believe it!4.I am glad to know that he
came up with
a good idea.答案
1. pollution
2. to find
3. hardly
4. came up with
2. to find
3. hardly
4. came up with
解析
【分析】本题为英语选词填空题，解题思路为：先通读各句把握语境，再结合方框内词语的词义，根据句子所需的词性、语法结构（如非谓语、时态、词性转换等）选择并变形。第1题需名词作主语，对应pollute的名词形式；第2题考查“疑问词+不定式”作宾语的结构；第3题需副词修饰动词；第4题需动词短语的过去式，结合语境判断时态。
【解析】1. 句意：尽管被很多人忽视，噪音污染在城市里仍然是个大问题。此处需名词作主语，pollute的名词形式为pollution，故填pollution。2. 句意：——你有麻烦吗？——是的，我丢了钥匙，但我不知道在哪里找它们。“疑问词+不定式”结构可作动词的宾语，此处对应where to find，故填to find。3. 句意：——你知道吗？下周有三天假。——太棒了！我几乎不敢相信！此处需副词修饰动词believe，hardly为副词，意为“几乎不”，符合语境，故填hardly。4. 句意：我很高兴知道他想出了一个好主意。“come up with”意为“想出”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，come的过去式为came，故填came up with。
【答案】1. pollution 2. to find 3. hardly 4. came up with
【知识点】词性转换、非谓语动词、一般过去时
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，涵盖词性变形、非谓语结构、时态等核心知识点，需结合语境和语法规则准确作答，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 句意：尽管被很多人忽视，噪音污染在城市里仍然是个大问题。此处需名词作主语，pollute的名词形式为pollution，故填pollution。2. 句意：——你有麻烦吗？——是的，我丢了钥匙，但我不知道在哪里找它们。“疑问词+不定式”结构可作动词的宾语，此处对应where to find，故填to find。3. 句意：——你知道吗？下周有三天假。——太棒了！我几乎不敢相信！此处需副词修饰动词believe，hardly为副词，意为“几乎不”，符合语境，故填hardly。4. 句意：我很高兴知道他想出了一个好主意。“come up with”意为“想出”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，come的过去式为came，故填came up with。
【答案】1. pollution 2. to find 3. hardly 4. came up with
【知识点】词性转换、非谓语动词、一般过去时
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，涵盖词性变形、非谓语结构、时态等核心知识点，需结合语境和语法规则准确作答，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.6
Ⅱ.阅读理解
文化知识
蒙恬改良毛笔
「2026广东广州广奥教育集团期中改编」
The writing brush, one of the "Four Treasures of the Study", was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest writing brush was not very good. It was difficult for people to write well with it.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Qin dynasty, improved the writing brush. When Meng was leading an army to guard the frontier, he had to report the situation to the ruler in time. But his writing brush was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was always thinking about the ways to improve it.
One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail（痕迹）on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind, "If I tie the rabbit's hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?"
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and this made him waste a lot of silk. Meng was so frustrated that he threw away his "invention" into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his "invention" fatter in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The writing brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water in the hole had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, the writing brush is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use writing brushes in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
5. When did Meng think of the good idea according to Paragraph 3?
A. Before hunting animals.
B. When seeing the trail.
C. During cleaning the hair.
D. After writing a report.
6. What does the underlined word "frustrated" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Disappointed.
B. Happy.
C. Surprised.
D. Afraid.
7. 特色考法 事件排序题 Which is the right order of improving the writing brush?
a. The writing brush could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit's hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
A. b-d-a-c
B. d-b-a-c
C. b-d-c-a
D. d-b-c-a
文化知识
蒙恬改良毛笔
「2026广东广州广奥教育集团期中改编」
The writing brush, one of the "Four Treasures of the Study", was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest writing brush was not very good. It was difficult for people to write well with it.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Qin dynasty, improved the writing brush. When Meng was leading an army to guard the frontier, he had to report the situation to the ruler in time. But his writing brush was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was always thinking about the ways to improve it.
One day after hunting, Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on horseback. Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail（痕迹）on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind, "If I tie the rabbit's hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?"
On arriving home, he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and this made him waste a lot of silk. Meng was so frustrated that he threw away his "invention" into a stone hole in the yard.
However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his "invention" fatter in the stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The writing brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water in the hole had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks to Meng, the writing brush is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use writing brushes in school. It makes their life more colourful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
5. When did Meng think of the good idea according to Paragraph 3?
A. Before hunting animals.
B. When seeing the trail.
C. During cleaning the hair.
D. After writing a report.
6. What does the underlined word "frustrated" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Disappointed.
B. Happy.
C. Surprised.
D. Afraid.
7. 特色考法 事件排序题 Which is the right order of improving the writing brush?
a. The writing brush could write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit's hair to a stick.
c. The special water washed the oil away.
d. Meng dropped the stick into a stone hole.
A. b-d-a-c
B. d-b-a-c
C. b-d-c-a
D. d-b-c-a
答案
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文介绍了蒙恬改良毛笔的故事。
5.B 细节理解题。根据“Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind”可知,蒙恬是在看到那条痕迹的时候想到了这个主意。故选B。
6.A 词义猜测题。根据“But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and this made him waste a lot of silk.”可知,毛笔效果不好,他很沮丧,disappointed意为“失望的”,符合题意。故选A。
7.C 事件排序题。根据“he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it” “he threw away his ‘invention’ into a stone hole in the yard” “the special water in the hole had cleaned the oil from the hair”和“Meng succeeded”可知,蒙恬先是把兔毛绑在一个棍子上,但效果不好,于是他把棍子丢进了石洞,石洞里面特殊的水冲走了毛上的油,因此蒙恬成功改良了毛笔,毛笔的书写效果变好了。故选C。
5.B 细节理解题。根据“Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind”可知,蒙恬是在看到那条痕迹的时候想到了这个主意。故选B。
6.A 词义猜测题。根据“But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and this made him waste a lot of silk.”可知,毛笔效果不好,他很沮丧,disappointed意为“失望的”,符合题意。故选A。
7.C 事件排序题。根据“he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it” “he threw away his ‘invention’ into a stone hole in the yard” “the special water in the hole had cleaned the oil from the hair”和“Meng succeeded”可知,蒙恬先是把兔毛绑在一个棍子上,但效果不好,于是他把棍子丢进了石洞,石洞里面特殊的水冲走了毛上的油,因此蒙恬成功改良了毛笔,毛笔的书写效果变好了。故选C。
解析
【分析】本题为阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、事件排序三类题型。第5题需定位第三段中蒙恬产生改良毛笔想法的触发时机，找到对应原文的关键语句；第6题需结合上下文语境推测划线词含义，根据前文描述判断情绪；第7题需梳理蒙恬改良毛笔的事件先后顺序，逐一匹配原文动作。
【解析】
5. 细节理解题：根据第三段“Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind”可知，蒙恬是在看到兔子尾巴留下的痕迹时想到改良毛笔的主意，故选B。
6. 词义猜测题：第四段提到“the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and this made him waste a lot of silk”，说明改良的毛笔效果差、浪费丝绸，因此蒙恬很沮丧，frustrated意为“失望的”，对应选项A。
7. 事件排序题：根据原文顺序，蒙恬先把兔毛绑在棍子上（b），因效果不好将其丢进石洞（d），石洞中的特殊水洗净了兔毛上的油（c），最终毛笔能书写顺畅（a），正确顺序为b-d-c-a，故选C。
【答案】5.B 6.A 7.C
【知识点】阅读理解细节理解、词义猜测、事件排序
【点评】本题围绕中国文化知识（蒙恬改良毛笔）设置题目，考查学生对原文细节的定位能力、语境词义推测能力及事件顺序梳理能力，题型常规，需学生仔细阅读原文提取关键信息。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】
5. 细节理解题：根据第三段“Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind”可知，蒙恬是在看到兔子尾巴留下的痕迹时想到改良毛笔的主意，故选B。
6. 词义猜测题：第四段提到“the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and this made him waste a lot of silk”，说明改良的毛笔效果差、浪费丝绸，因此蒙恬很沮丧，frustrated意为“失望的”，对应选项A。
7. 事件排序题：根据原文顺序，蒙恬先把兔毛绑在棍子上（b），因效果不好将其丢进石洞（d），石洞中的特殊水洗净了兔毛上的油（c），最终毛笔能书写顺畅（a），正确顺序为b-d-c-a，故选C。
【答案】5.B 6.A 7.C
【知识点】阅读理解细节理解、词义猜测、事件排序
【点评】本题围绕中国文化知识（蒙恬改良毛笔）设置题目，考查学生对原文细节的定位能力、语境词义推测能力及事件顺序梳理能力，题型常规，需学生仔细阅读原文提取关键信息。
【难度系数】0.6
