Ⅲ.语法填空
「2026 广东深圳高级中学教育集团期末」
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today, when a traveler stops by a quiet river in northern China and asks, "How long has this river flowed?" they can find the answer in Shui Jing Zhu (《水经注》). This ancient book 8. (write) over 1,500 years ago by Li Daoyuan. Every word in it comes from a man who looked carefully at the land and loved it 9. (deep).
Li Daoyuan did not like to stay inside all day. One cold winter, he walked along a river covered in thin ice. Cold water went into his cloth shoes, and cold wind 10. (blow) through his coat. 11. , he did not turn back. He wanted to find where the river began. When he came to a small village, he sat on a dry rock and talked with 12. old farmer about the river's stories.
Every day, he carried a small, old notebook. When he saw a tall mountain, a slow river, or sweet pears, he sat down and wrote. He did not miss any details. His fingers often turned red from the cold, but he kept 13. (record) them. Li Daoyuan gave 14. (him) up to this work.
After many years of walking and noting, Li Daoyuan put all his 15. (note) together into Shui Jing Zhu. The book tells about 1,252 rivers and all the lovely things he found. He was a geographer and a kind, 16. (patience) explorer. His love for the land still helps people learn 17. China's old rivers and mountains today.

Ⅲ.[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了北魏时期著名地理学家郦道元及其代表作《水经注》。
8. was written 句意:这本古籍是1,500多年前由郦道元所写。根据“over 1,500 years ago”可知,此处时态是一般过去时,主语“This ancient book”与动词“write”之间是被动关系,故此处用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,助动词用was,故填was written。
9. deeply 根据“loved it”可知,此处用副词修饰动词,deep的副词形式是deeply,故填deeply。
10. blew 根据“went”可知,此处时态用一般过去时,故填blew。
11. However 句意:然而,他没有往回走。根据“Cold water went into his cloth shoes, and cold wind blew through his coat.”以及“he did not turn back”可知,前后内容是转折关系,且空格后有逗号,however“然而”符合语境,句首单词首字母大写。故填However。
12. an 此处泛指“一个老农民”,old是以元音音素开头的单词,故填an。
13. recording record“记录”,作动词,keep doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”,故填recording。
14. himself give oneself up to sth.意为“致力于某事”,主语是Li Daoyuan,此处用反身代词himself。
15. notes 句意:经过多年的行走和记录,郦道元把他所有的笔记整理成《水经注》。note“笔记”,作可数名词,根据“all his”可知,此处用复数形式,故填notes。
16. patient patience“耐心”,作名词;根据“a kind...explorer”可知,此处用形容词作定语,patience的形容词形式是patient“有耐心的”,故填patient。
17. about 句意:他对这片土地的热爱至今仍帮助人们了解中国的古老山河。learn about“了解”,故填about。

【分析】
本题为语法填空题，需结合短文语境、语法规则、词性转换及固定搭配逐个分析空格：先通读短文理解大意，再针对每个空格的语法要求（时态、语态、词性等），结合上下文逻辑和固定搭配确定答案。
1. 第8空：根据时间状语判断时态，结合主语与动词的被动关系确定形式；
2. 第9空：修饰动词需用副词，转换形容词为副词；
3. 第10空：并列句时态一致，用动词过去式；
4. 第11空：前后转折关系，选合适的转折连词；
5. 第12空：泛指单数可数名词，结合元音音素确定冠词；
6. 第13空：固定搭配keep doing sth.，用动名词；
7. 第14空：固定搭配give oneself up to，用反身代词；
8. 第15空：all后接可数名词复数，转换名词形式；
9. 第16空：修饰名词需用形容词，转换名词为形容词；
10. 第17空：固定搭配learn about，确定介词。
【解析】
8. 句意：这本古籍是1500多年前由郦道元所写。根据时间状语“over 1,500 years ago”可知时态为一般过去时，主语“This ancient book”与动词“write”是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were + 过去分词），主语是单数，助动词用was，write的过去分词是written，故填was written。
9. 句意：书中的每个字都来自一个仔细观察土地并热爱它的人。此处修饰动词loved，需用副词，deep的副词形式是deeply，故填deeply。
10. 句意：冷水钻进他的布鞋，寒风穿过他的外套。并列句时态一致，前半句用了一般过去时（went），此处用blow的过去式blew，故填blew。
11. 句意：然而，他没有往回走。前后句是转折关系，且空格后有逗号隔开，however表示“然而”，符合语境，句首单词首字母大写，故填However。
12. 句意：他坐在一块干岩石上，和一位老农谈论河流的故事。此处泛指“一位老农”，old是以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an，填an。
13. 句意：他的手指经常冻得通红，但他坚持记录它们。固定搭配keep doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”，故填record的动名词形式recording。
14. 句意：郦道元致力于这项工作。固定搭配give oneself up to sth.意为“致力于某事”，主语是Li Daoyuan，故用反身代词himself，填himself。
15. 句意：经过多年的行走和记录，郦道元把他所有的笔记整理成《水经注》。note是可数名词，all his后接可数名词复数，故填notes。
16. 句意：他是一位地理学家，也是一位善良、有耐心的探险家。此处修饰名词explorer，需用形容词，patience的形容词形式是patient，故填patient。
17. 句意：他对这片土地的热爱至今仍帮助人们了解中国的古老山河。固定搭配learn about意为“了解”，故填about。
【答案】
8. was written 9. deeply 10. blew 11. However 12. an 13. recording 14. himself 15. notes 16. patient 17. about
【知识点】
一般过去时的被动语态；副词的用法；固定搭配
【点评】
本题为语法填空常规题型，考查基础语法与词汇运用，涉及时态语态、词性转换、固定搭配等核心考点，需结合语境分析语法要求，整体难度适中，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅳ.阅读与表达
人与$\frac{自我}{积极向上}$「2026辽宁沈阳于洪期中」
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Aristotle, a Greek
thinker, said, "Happiness depends on ourselves." In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.
The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future—for example, getting into college or getting a good job—that we fail to enjoy the present. You should enjoy life's simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives.
Another secret of living a happy life is to be active and have hobbies where you forget your problems and time. Many people like dancing or playing a sport, such as swimming and skiing. You can forget about your problems and only think about the activity.
Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.
18. What did the Greek thinker Aristotle say about happiness?

19. What will you be unable to enjoy if you spend too much time thinking about the future?

20. How will many people feel when they spend their time helping others according to the studies?

21. 特色考法开放性试题 Which way of keeping happy would you prefer? Try to explain in at least 30 words.

Ⅳ.[语篇解读] 本文引用了亚里士多德的名言,并提出建议,告诉我们如何获得快乐。
18. Happiness depends on ourselves. 根据“Aristotle, a Greek thinker, said, ‘Happiness depends on ourselves.’”可知答案。
19. The present. 根据“we spend so much time thinking about the future...that we fail to enjoy the present”可知答案。
20. They will feel good. 根据“Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others.”可知答案。
21. I prefer to be active and have hobbies. Because when I am active and have hobbies, I can forget my problems and only think about the activity. This makes me feel relaxed and happy./I prefer to help others. Because when I help my friends figure out math problems, I feel good for their progress, and I become better at my own studies too. 开放性试题,言之有理即可。

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解题和开放性表达题。解题时，针对18、19、20题，需先定位问题中的关键词，再回到原文找到对应语句，提取准确信息作答；第21题是开放性试题，需结合文章提到的幸福方法，选择一种并阐述理由，确保表达通顺、符合要求。
【解析】18. 定位原文第一段中关于希腊思想家亚里士多德的表述，直接提取答案：Happiness depends on ourselves.
19. 定位原文第二段中“花太多时间想未来”的后果，提取答案：The present.
20. 定位原文第四段中研究显示的内容，提取答案：They will feel good.
21. 开放性试题，从文章提及的三种幸福方法（享受简单事物、积极有爱好、帮助他人）中任选其一，结合自身情况说明理由，言之有理即可，例如选择积极有爱好的方式，说明其能帮助忘记问题、获得放松与快乐。
【答案】18. Happiness depends on ourselves.
19. The present.
20. They will feel good.
21. I prefer to be active and have hobbies. Because when I am active and have hobbies, I can forget my problems and only think about the activity. This makes me feel relaxed and happy.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、开放性表达
【点评】本题围绕“如何获得幸福”展开，涵盖细节查找与开放表达题型，既考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，也考查语言组织能力，贴近生活实际，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6