23. (11分)如图1,正方形$ABCD$的对角线交于点$O$,点$E$在边$BC$上,$BE = \frac{1}{n}BC$,$AE$交$OB$于点$F$,过点$B$作$AE$的垂线$BG$交$OC$于点$G$,连接$GE$.
(1)求证:$OF = OG$;
(2)用含有$n$的代数式表示$\tan\angle OBG$的值;
(3)如图2,若$\angle GEC = 90^{\circ}$,则$n$的值为


(1)求证:$OF = OG$;
(2)用含有$n$的代数式表示$\tan\angle OBG$的值;
(3)如图2,若$\angle GEC = 90^{\circ}$,则$n$的值为
$\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}$
.答案
23.解:(1)证明:
∵四边形ABCD是正方形,
∴AO=BO,AC⊥BD,∠OAB=∠OBC=45°.
∴∠AF0+∠FA0=90°.
∵AE⊥BG,
∴∠BFE+∠FBG=90°.
∵∠BFE=∠AFO,
∴∠FAO=∠FBG. (2分)
∵AO=B0,∠AOF=∠BOG,
∴△AOF≌△BOG.
∴OF=OG. (3分)
(2)延长BG交CD于点H.
∵∠OAF+∠BAE=45°,∠OBG+∠CBH=45°,∠OAF=∠OBG,
∴∠BAE=∠CBH.
∵AB=BC,∠ABE=∠BCH=90°,
∴△ABE≌△BCH.
∴BE=CH. (5分)
∵BE=$\frac{1}{n}$BC,
∴CH=$\frac{1}{n}$BC=$\frac{1}{n}$AB.
∵CH//AB,
∴△CHG∽△ABG.
∴$\frac{CH}{AB}$=$\frac{CG}{AG}$=$\frac{1}{n}$
设$CG = a$,则$AG = an$,$AC = CG + AG = a(n + 1)$.
$\therefore AO = BO = \frac{1}{2}AC = \frac{a(n + 1)}{2}$,
$OG = AG - AO = \frac{a(n - 1)}{2}$.
$\therefore\tan\angle OBG = \frac{OG}{BO} = \frac{n - 1}{n + 1}$.(9分)
(3)$\frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}$ (11分)
[解析]延长$BG$交$CD$于点$M$.设$BE = 1$,则$BC = n$.同(2)可得$CM = BE = 1$.
$\because\angle GEC = 90^{\circ}$,
$\therefore GE// CM$,$CE = GE = n - 1$.
$\therefore\triangle BGE \backsim \triangle BMC$.
$\therefore\frac{GE}{CM} = \frac{BE}{BC}$,即$\frac{n - 1}{1} = \frac{1}{n}$
解得$n_1 = \frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}$,$n_2 = \frac{1 - \sqrt{5}}{2}$(舍去).
$\therefore$若$\angle GEC = 90^{\circ}$,则$n$的值为$\frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}$.
∵四边形ABCD是正方形,
∴AO=BO,AC⊥BD,∠OAB=∠OBC=45°.
∴∠AF0+∠FA0=90°.
∵AE⊥BG,
∴∠BFE+∠FBG=90°.
∵∠BFE=∠AFO,
∴∠FAO=∠FBG. (2分)
∵AO=B0,∠AOF=∠BOG,
∴△AOF≌△BOG.
∴OF=OG. (3分)
(2)延长BG交CD于点H.
∵∠OAF+∠BAE=45°,∠OBG+∠CBH=45°,∠OAF=∠OBG,
∴∠BAE=∠CBH.
∵AB=BC,∠ABE=∠BCH=90°,
∴△ABE≌△BCH.
∴BE=CH. (5分)
∵BE=$\frac{1}{n}$BC,
∴CH=$\frac{1}{n}$BC=$\frac{1}{n}$AB.
∵CH//AB,
∴△CHG∽△ABG.
∴$\frac{CH}{AB}$=$\frac{CG}{AG}$=$\frac{1}{n}$
设$CG = a$,则$AG = an$,$AC = CG + AG = a(n + 1)$.
$\therefore AO = BO = \frac{1}{2}AC = \frac{a(n + 1)}{2}$,
$OG = AG - AO = \frac{a(n - 1)}{2}$.
$\therefore\tan\angle OBG = \frac{OG}{BO} = \frac{n - 1}{n + 1}$.(9分)
(3)$\frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}$ (11分)
[解析]延长$BG$交$CD$于点$M$.设$BE = 1$,则$BC = n$.同(2)可得$CM = BE = 1$.
$\because\angle GEC = 90^{\circ}$,
$\therefore GE// CM$,$CE = GE = n - 1$.
$\therefore\triangle BGE \backsim \triangle BMC$.
$\therefore\frac{GE}{CM} = \frac{BE}{BC}$,即$\frac{n - 1}{1} = \frac{1}{n}$
解得$n_1 = \frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}$,$n_2 = \frac{1 - \sqrt{5}}{2}$(舍去).
$\therefore$若$\angle GEC = 90^{\circ}$,则$n$的值为$\frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}$.
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