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D(2025·江苏连云港改编)
Saturn(土星) is famous for the beautiful rings around it. Now, it’s getting attention for being even more amazing. Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn, bringing the planet’s total to 274. A moon is any naturally formed object that moves around a planet. Moons come in different shapes and sizes.
Scientists discovered the moons with a powerful telescope(望远镜), which is used to study stars and planets in great detail. Scientists took many photos of areas in space and piled them on top of each other to make the moons appear bright enough to discover.
Most of Saturn’s new moons are small objects, just one or two miles wide—quite different from the Earth’s Moon, which is a 2,160-mile-wide ball. These space rocks are in unusual orbits (轨道) too. They go around Saturn in the opposite direction to its own movement. At between 6. 5 million and 18 million miles away from the ringed planet, the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn’s biggest moon, Titan.
Why does Saturn have so many moons while the Earth only has one? According to scientists, several billion years ago, the giant planet’s gravity attracted some rocks and ice. Over time, some of them crashed against each other, breaking into smaller pieces or coming together to create many small moons.
The new moons were first discovered in 2023 by a team of scientists led by Edward Ashton, and were recently confirmed by the International Astronomical Union(IAU). Saturn now is the planet with the most moons—Jupiter is not far behind with 95. However, Dr Ashton believes this might be the limit for moon discovery. “I don’t think Jupiter will ever catch up,” he said. “With present technology, I don’t think we can do better than what has already been done,” he added.
(
A. Newly found moons look the same.
B. Scientists found new moons by accident.
C. Saturn’s rings attract many scientists.
D. 128 new moons were found around Saturn.
(
A. Earth.
B. Saturn.
C. Moon.
D. Titan.
(
A. The size of the planet.
B. The weights of the moons.
C. The orbit of the planet.
D. The crashes of the moons.
(
A. Jupiter will soon catch up with Saturn.
B. Saturn’s new moons might support life.
C. The IAU presented a medal to his team.
D. He is satisfied with their moon discovery.
Saturn(土星) is famous for the beautiful rings around it. Now, it’s getting attention for being even more amazing. Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn, bringing the planet’s total to 274. A moon is any naturally formed object that moves around a planet. Moons come in different shapes and sizes.
Scientists discovered the moons with a powerful telescope(望远镜), which is used to study stars and planets in great detail. Scientists took many photos of areas in space and piled them on top of each other to make the moons appear bright enough to discover.
Most of Saturn’s new moons are small objects, just one or two miles wide—quite different from the Earth’s Moon, which is a 2,160-mile-wide ball. These space rocks are in unusual orbits (轨道) too. They go around Saturn in the opposite direction to its own movement. At between 6. 5 million and 18 million miles away from the ringed planet, the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn’s biggest moon, Titan.
Why does Saturn have so many moons while the Earth only has one? According to scientists, several billion years ago, the giant planet’s gravity attracted some rocks and ice. Over time, some of them crashed against each other, breaking into smaller pieces or coming together to create many small moons.
The new moons were first discovered in 2023 by a team of scientists led by Edward Ashton, and were recently confirmed by the International Astronomical Union(IAU). Saturn now is the planet with the most moons—Jupiter is not far behind with 95. However, Dr Ashton believes this might be the limit for moon discovery. “I don’t think Jupiter will ever catch up,” he said. “With present technology, I don’t think we can do better than what has already been done,” he added.
(
D
)1. What do we know about the new discovery?A. Newly found moons look the same.
B. Scientists found new moons by accident.
C. Saturn’s rings attract many scientists.
D. 128 new moons were found around Saturn.
(
B
)2. What does “the ringed planet” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Earth.
B. Saturn.
C. Moon.
D. Titan.
(
D
)3. What led to the large number of Saturn’s moons?A. The size of the planet.
B. The weights of the moons.
C. The orbit of the planet.
D. The crashes of the moons.
(
D
)4. What can we learn from Dr Ashton’s words in the last paragraph?A. Jupiter will soon catch up with Saturn.
B. Saturn’s new moons might support life.
C. The IAU presented a medal to his team.
D. He is satisfied with their moon discovery.
答案
1. D 【点拨】根据“Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn”可知科学家们发现了土星周围 128 颗新的卫星。故选 D。
2. B 【点拨】根据“At between 6.5 million and 18 million miles away from the ringed planet, the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn's biggest moon, Titan.”可知这些新发现的卫星距离土星 650 万至 1800 万英里，也比土星最大的卫星泰坦更远，故此处“the ringed planet”指的是土星。故选 B。
3. D 【点拨】根据第四段可知土星的引力吸引了许多岩石和冰块，随着时间的推移，这些物体相互碰撞，破碎成更小的碎片，或者聚集在一起形成了许多小卫星。故选 D。
4. D 【点拨】根据“With present technology, I don't think we can do better than what has already been done”可知 Dr Ashton 认为，以目前的技术水平，他们已经做到了极致，不太可能再有新的发现，这表明他对团队的发现感到满意。故选 D。
2. B 【点拨】根据“At between 6.5 million and 18 million miles away from the ringed planet, the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn's biggest moon, Titan.”可知这些新发现的卫星距离土星 650 万至 1800 万英里，也比土星最大的卫星泰坦更远，故此处“the ringed planet”指的是土星。故选 B。
3. D 【点拨】根据第四段可知土星的引力吸引了许多岩石和冰块，随着时间的推移，这些物体相互碰撞，破碎成更小的碎片，或者聚集在一起形成了许多小卫星。故选 D。
4. D 【点拨】根据“With present technology, I don't think we can do better than what has already been done”可知 Dr Ashton 认为，以目前的技术水平，他们已经做到了极致，不太可能再有新的发现，这表明他对团队的发现感到满意。故选 D。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普类阅读理解题，解题时首先可以先浏览4道题干划出核心关键词，再带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位信息，逐一比对选项排除不符合原文的错误项：第1题围绕“新发现的相关信息”回第一段找对应描述，直接匹配正确选项；第2题是指代类题型，需要结合前文提到的“带光环的行星”的线索，再结合划线句后半部分的补充说明判断指代对象；第3题定位到介绍土星多卫星成因的第四段，找到对应因果关系即可选出答案；第4题围绕人物观点，回到最后一段找到Dr Ashton的原话，推导其态度就能选出正确项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段内容，A选项错误，原文明确说明“Moons come in different shapes and sizes”，卫星形状大小各不相同，不可能外观一致；B选项错误，第二段介绍科学家是借助专业望远镜、叠加多张太空照片的方法主动观测发现新卫星，并非偶然找到；C选项错误，原文说明土星当下是因为新发现的大量卫星获得更多关注，并非它的光环吸引大量科学家；D选项完全匹配原文“Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn”的表述，正确。
2. 指代判断题：文章开篇就点明土星以环绕它的美丽光环闻名，再结合划线句后半句“the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn’s biggest moon, Titan”的补充说明，可知这些新卫星环绕的主体就是土星，因此“the ringed planet”指代土星，选B。
3. 细节理解题：定位第四段介绍土星多卫星成因的内容，可知数十亿年前土星引力吸引的岩石和冰块不断互相碰撞，碎裂或聚合最终形成了大量小卫星，对应D选项；A、B、C的相关内容都不是原文提到的卫星数量多的成因，全部排除。
4. 推理判断题：根据最后一段Dr Ashton的原话“With present technology, I don’t think we can do better than what has already been done”，可知他认为以当前的技术条件，团队已经取得了能达到的最优成果，说明他对本次卫星发现的成果十分满意。A选项和原文“I don’t think Jupiter will ever catch up”表述相悖，B选项文中完全没有提及新卫星支持生命的相关内容，C选项没有提到IAU给团队颁奖的相关信息，三个错误项全部排除，选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.D 4.D
【知识点】
细节理解，指代判断，推理判断
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的科普类阅读，所有题目都可以通过回原文定位直接找到对应线索，干扰项设置都和原文内容有明显冲突，学生只要掌握阅读题的定位解题技巧，就能快速排除错项选出答案，同时还能拓展天文相关的科普常识。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇科普类阅读理解题，解题时首先可以先浏览4道题干划出核心关键词，再带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位信息，逐一比对选项排除不符合原文的错误项：第1题围绕“新发现的相关信息”回第一段找对应描述，直接匹配正确选项；第2题是指代类题型，需要结合前文提到的“带光环的行星”的线索，再结合划线句后半部分的补充说明判断指代对象；第3题定位到介绍土星多卫星成因的第四段，找到对应因果关系即可选出答案；第4题围绕人物观点，回到最后一段找到Dr Ashton的原话，推导其态度就能选出正确项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段内容，A选项错误，原文明确说明“Moons come in different shapes and sizes”，卫星形状大小各不相同，不可能外观一致；B选项错误，第二段介绍科学家是借助专业望远镜、叠加多张太空照片的方法主动观测发现新卫星，并非偶然找到；C选项错误，原文说明土星当下是因为新发现的大量卫星获得更多关注，并非它的光环吸引大量科学家；D选项完全匹配原文“Scientists have discovered 128 new moons around Saturn”的表述，正确。
2. 指代判断题：文章开篇就点明土星以环绕它的美丽光环闻名，再结合划线句后半句“the newly discovered moons are also further away than Saturn’s biggest moon, Titan”的补充说明，可知这些新卫星环绕的主体就是土星，因此“the ringed planet”指代土星，选B。
3. 细节理解题：定位第四段介绍土星多卫星成因的内容，可知数十亿年前土星引力吸引的岩石和冰块不断互相碰撞，碎裂或聚合最终形成了大量小卫星，对应D选项；A、B、C的相关内容都不是原文提到的卫星数量多的成因，全部排除。
4. 推理判断题：根据最后一段Dr Ashton的原话“With present technology, I don’t think we can do better than what has already been done”，可知他认为以当前的技术条件，团队已经取得了能达到的最优成果，说明他对本次卫星发现的成果十分满意。A选项和原文“I don’t think Jupiter will ever catch up”表述相悖，B选项文中完全没有提及新卫星支持生命的相关内容，C选项没有提到IAU给团队颁奖的相关信息，三个错误项全部排除，选D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.D 4.D
【知识点】
细节理解，指代判断，推理判断
【点评】
本题属于中等难度的科普类阅读，所有题目都可以通过回原文定位直接找到对应线索，干扰项设置都和原文内容有明显冲突，学生只要掌握阅读题的定位解题技巧，就能快速排除错项选出答案，同时还能拓展天文相关的科普常识。
【难度系数】
0.7
