2026年能力素养与学力提升八年级英语上册译林版第114页答案
一、根据括号中的中文提示写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。
1. There was a strong wind last night and it
blew
(吹;刮) the clouds away.
2. Remember to wear sunglasses to stop the sun from
shining
(照耀) directly in your eyes.
your eyes.
3. The bread made by your mother
smells
(有……气味) good.
4. Slight
Heat
(热;热量) is the eleventh of the 24 Solar Terms.
5. I coughed badly after getting wet in the
sudden
(突然的) rain.

答案

1. blew 2. shining 3. smells 4. Heat 5. sudden

解析

【分析】先明确每个句子的语法要求,结合括号内中文提示,确定单词的正确形式。第1题由前半句的过去时态可知,需用“吹”的过去式;第2题考查固定搭配,需用动名词形式;第3题主语为不可数名词,一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数;第4题“热量”对应名词,作为节气名称首字母大写;第5题修饰名词需用形容词。
【解析】1. 前句“was”为过去式,并列谓语动词用blow的过去式blew,符合语境;2. 固定搭配“stop...from doing sth”表示“阻止……做某事”,shine的动名词形式为shining;3. 主语“the bread”是第三人称单数,一般现在时中smell用第三人称单数形式smells;4. “热量”对应的英文是Heat,作为节气名称首字母大写;5. 修饰名词“rain”需用形容词,“突然的”对应sudden。
【答案】1. blew 2. shining 3. smells 4. Heat 5. sudden
【知识点】一般过去时、动名词、主谓一致
【点评】本题为基础单词拼写题,考查时态、固定搭配、词性等核心知识点,需掌握单词的不同形式变化,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
二、根据短文内容,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空,使短文完整通顺。
Weather is really important in our daily lives. When it's sunny, the sun
shines
(shine) brightly. It makes everything warm. The heat can be nice, but sometimes it's too hot. Because of the
heat
(hot), many people go to the beach. They enjoy the sun, swim in the sea, or just lie on the sand.
But weather can change
suddenly
(sudden). One minute the sky is clear, and then dark clouds come quickly. A strong wind starts
to blow
(blow). This may mean a storm
is coming/comes
(come). The air also smells different. When the storm is near, you can smell the earth. Sudden weather changes can mess up our outdoor plans, like picnics or games. In some places,
fog
(foggy) is common. It comes and covers everything in a thick cloud. Roads get slippery, and it's hard to see.
Driving
(drive) becomes difficult, so people have to drive slowly and carefully. When snowflakes(雪花) start to fall, the world turns white. Kids are happy to go outside and make
snowballs
(snowball). They have fun
having
(have) snowball fights. Adults also like the beautiful snow-covered views. The cold wind blows, but it makes winter
interesting
(interest). Weather changes all the time. It brings us fun, problems, and new things every day.
1.
shines
2.
heat
3.
suddenly
4.
to blow
5.
is coming/comes

6.
fog
7.
Driving
8.
snowballs
9.
having
10.
interesting

答案

1. shines 2. heat 3. suddenly 4. to blow 5. is coming/comes 6. fog 7. Driving 8. snowballs 9. having 10. interesting

解析

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题,需结合句子时态、词性要求、固定搭配等知识,对括号内单词进行正确形式转换。具体思路如下:
1. 先判断句子时态,若为客观事实常用一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数时动词变三单;
2. 分析空格在句中作的成分,若作主语/宾语,需考虑名词/动名词形式;若修饰动词,用副词;
3. 牢记常见固定搭配,如start to do sth、have fun doing sth等;
4. 注意可数名词单复数、形容词变副词、动词变名词等词性转换规则。
【解析】
1. 句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语the sun为第三人称单数,故动词shine变三单形式shines;
2. because of后接名词,hot的名词形式为heat,故填heat;
3. 修饰动词change需用副词,sudden的副词形式为suddenly,故填suddenly;
4. 固定搭配start to do sth,故填to blow;
5. 此处表“风暴即将来临”,可用现在进行时表将来,结构为be+doing,故填is coming(或一般现在时comes也可);
6. 空格作主语,需用名词,foggy的名词形式为fog,故填fog;
7. 空格作主语,需用动名词,drive的动名词为Driving(句首首字母大写),故填Driving;
8. snowball为可数名词,此处表泛指,用复数形式snowballs,故填snowballs;
9. 固定搭配have fun doing sth,故填having;
10. 固定搭配make sth+形容词,interest的形容词形式interesting(修饰事物),故填interesting。
【答案】
1. shines 2. heat 3. suddenly 4. to blow 5. is coming/comes 6. fog 7. Driving 8. snowballs 9. having 10. interesting
【知识点】
动词时态、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法填空题,主要考查动词形式变化、词性转换及常用固定搭配,注重基础知识点的实际运用,是英语学习中的常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
C
)1. My brother likes reading books. The sentence structure(结构) is
C
.

A.S+V+P
B.S+V
C.S+V+O
D.S+V+IO+DO

答案

1. C

解析

【分析】要判断句子结构,需先划分句子成分:第一步找主语(S,动作发出者),本句中My brother是主语;第二步找谓语(V,动作词),本句中likes是谓语动词;第三步找宾语(O,动作承受者),本句中reading books是like的动作对象,属于宾语。由此确定句子结构类型。
【解析】对句子My brother likes reading books进行成分划分:主语(S)为My brother,谓语(V)为likes,宾语(O)为reading books,对应结构S+V+O,因此选择C选项。
【答案】C
【知识点】英语简单句结构划分
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的基本结构,是英语语法基础考点,需掌握五种基本句型的成分识别方法,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
(
B
)2. We found our English teacher very interesting. Its structure is
B
.

A.S+V+P
B.S+V+DO+OC
C.S+V+IO+DO
D.S+V+O

答案

2. B

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语基本句型的判断,需先拆分句子成分,明确各部分对应的句型结构,再匹配选项。首先确定句子的主语、谓语,再区分宾语和宾语补足语,最后对应正确的句型类型。
【解析】
句子“We found our English teacher very interesting.”中:
S(主语):We;
V(谓语):found;
DO(直接宾语):our English teacher;
OC(宾语补足语):very interesting,用于补充说明宾语“our English teacher”的特点。
因此该句结构为S+V+DO+OC,对应选项B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
英语句子结构;五种基本句型
【点评】
本题属于基础句型辨析题,需准确识别句子各成分,区分“宾语+宾语补足语”与其他句型的差异,是英语语法的核心基础考点。
【难度系数】
0.5