Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.「2025 四川广元中考改编」He was (talent) in performing.
2.She comes from a very (art) family so she can play the piano very well.
3.「2025 湖北武汉中考改编」Scientists aren't (complete) sure about the reasons.
4.The (origin) idea of forming a band was to make music class interesting.
5.「2025 湖南中考改编」It shows early human activities on the Liyang Plain (澧阳平原) and the (prehistory) culture in Hunan.

1.talented 2.artistic 3.completely 4.original 5.prehistoric

【分析】
本题考查英语词性转换，解题思路为：先分析句子结构，确定空格处所需词性；再结合所给词的词性，转换为符合语境的正确形式；最后验证转换后的词是否符合语法规则和句意。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配be talented in表示“在……有天赋”，空格处需形容词，所给词talent为名词，转换为形容词talented。
2. 空格修饰名词family，需形容词，所给词art为名词，转换为形容词artistic（艺术的）。
3. 空格修饰形容词sure，需副词，所给词complete为形容词，转换为副词completely（完全地）。
4. 空格修饰名词idea，需形容词，所给词origin为名词，转换为形容词original（最初的）。
5. 空格修饰名词culture，需形容词，所给词prehistory为名词，转换为形容词prehistoric（史前的）。
【答案】
1.talented 2.artistic 3.completely 4.original 5.prehistoric
【知识点】
词性转换、形容词用法、副词用法
【点评】
本题为基础词性转换题，考查常见词性间的转换规则及固定搭配，需学生掌握基础语法知识，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示写出所缺单词
6.P you should say sorry to your parents and tell them the truth.
7.Drinking warm water can help reduce the s when you have a sore throat.
8.Cars and buses are common v in cities.
9.There were different kinds of d on Earth millions of years ago.
10.Mary gave b to a healthy baby girl.
11.The dolphin is an i animal. It can even understand some of what people say.

6.Perhaps 7.suffering 8.vehicles 9.dinosaurs 10.birth 11.intelligent

【分析】做根据首字母和句意填单词的题目，需先理解句子语境，再结合首字母提示回忆所学词汇，同时注意词性、固定搭配及名词单复数等细节。具体到各小题：6题需填副词，结合句意及首字母P确定单词；7题涉及固定搭配，结合首字母s得出；8题对应交通工具的复数形式，匹配首字母v；9题结合“数百万年前的生物”语境和首字母d确定；10题是固定搭配的运用；11题结合形容海豚特性的形容词和首字母i确定。
【解析】6. 句意：也许你应该向父母道歉并告诉他们真相。结合首字母P，此处填副词Perhaps，意为“也许”；7. 句意：当你喉咙痛时，喝温水能帮助减轻痛苦。固定搭配“reduce suffering”表示“减轻痛苦”，结合首字母s，填suffering；8. 句意：汽车和公交车是城市里常见的交通工具。主语为复数，对应首字母v，填vehicles（交通工具，复数形式）；9. 句意：数百万年前地球上有不同种类的恐龙。结合首字母d，dinosaurs（恐龙，复数，“不同种类”后接名词复数）；10. 固定搭配“give birth to”意为“生下”，结合首字母b，填birth；11. 句意：海豚是一种聪明的动物，它甚至能理解人们说的一些话。结合首字母i，填形容词intelligent，意为“聪明的”。
【答案】6.Perhaps 7.suffering 8.vehicles 9.dinosaurs 10.birth 11.intelligent
【知识点】词汇运用、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语基础词汇的运用，涉及副词、名词、形容词及固定搭配，是初中英语常见基础题型，侧重考查学生的词汇积累和语境理解能力。
【难度系数】0.7

Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
12.如果我们不保护这些动物，它们很快就会灭绝。
If we don't protect these animals, they will soon.
13.「2025山东枣庄中考改编」从很小的时候起，我就非常喜欢中国文化。
, I began to like Chinese culture a lot.
14.美洲驼和骆驼属于同一物种。
The llama is the camel.
15.如今，网上购物成为一种流行的活动。
Today, online shopping becomes popular activity.
16.教室里有一张讲桌和十把椅子。
a teacher's desk and ten chairs in the classroom.

12.die out 13.From an early age 14.related to 15.a type/kind of 16.There is
易错警示 第16题易错填There are。there be句型中的be动词要与其后所接的最近的名词在数上保持一致,即遵循"就近原则"。该题中离be动词最近的是a teacher's desk,be动词应用is。

【分析】
本题为根据汉语意思完成句子，需结合英语固定短语、句型及语法规则作答。12题需对应“灭绝”的固定短语；13题需匹配“从很小的时候起”的介词短语；14题需选用表达“和…相关（同物种）”的短语；15题需正确使用“一种”的短语搭配；16题需遵循there be句型的就近原则确定be动词形式。
【解析】
12题：“灭绝”对应的英语固定短语为die out，will后接动词原形，故填die out；
13题：“从很小的时候起”的固定表达为From an early age，句首首字母大写，故填From an early age；
14题：表达“属于同一物种”用be related to（意为“与…相关”，符合语境），故填related to；
15题：“一种”的常用短语为a type/kind of，popular以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a type/kind of；
16题：there be句型遵循就近原则，离be动词最近的主语是单数名词短语a teacher's desk，故be动词用is，填There is。
【答案】
12.die out 13.From an early age 14.related to 15.a type/kind of 16.There is
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、there be句型、介词短语
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础的固定表达、句型及语法规则，涉及的知识点均为常见考点，其中there be句型的就近原则是易错点，需学生熟练掌握相关规则以避免错误。
【难度系数】
0.8

Ⅳ.阅读理解
「2026广东广州一一三中期中」
Look it up
Here are two articles from an encyclopedia.
Diogenes
Diogenes (412 BCE - 323 BCE) was an intelligent man in ancient Europe. For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible. He only had three things—his clothes, a lantern (灯笼) and a bowl to eat with, but he was very happy. One day, Diogenes saw a boy drinking water from his hands by a river, and then he threw away his bowl.
Diogenes used to walk through the city with his lantern during the day. When people asked him why he carried the lantern, he would hold it up to their faces, look at them and say, "I'm looking for an honest man." (See a)

初中英语
八年级上册
牛津译林版
Whales
Whales are the largest animals on Earth and they live in the ocean. The first fossil whales are found in rocks around 50 million years old. Some are 30 metres long and some are as heavy as 33 elephants.
Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are mammals (哺乳动物). Whales produce sounds that can be heard for miles underwater. They often use calls to sense (感知) the environment and to talk with each other.
Nowadays, some kinds of whales are in danger, even after years of protection. People kill many whales and dolphins each year by fishing. (See b)

17. According to the first article "Diogenes", Diogenes .
A. carried his lantern because it was dark
B. gave his bowl to the boy by the river
C. encouraged people to live a simple life
D. thought no one was honest in the world
18. 特色 考法 代词指代题 What does the underlined word "they" in the second article refer to?
A. Mammals. B. Fish.
C. Humans. D. Whales.
19. 特色 考法 信息还原题 Which of the following words can be put into "a" and "b" separately(分别地)?
A. People; Science
B. Art; Science
C. Art; Earth history
D. People; Earth history

[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了一本百科全书中的两篇文章。
17.C 推理判断题。根据"For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible."可知,对Diogenes来说,感到快乐的方式就是拥有尽可能少的东西,由此可推知,Diogenes鼓励人们过简单的生活。故选C。
18.D 代词指代题。根据"Whales are not fish. They live in the water, but they breathe air. Like humans, they are mammals."可知,鲸鱼不是鱼,它们生活在水中,但呼吸空气。与人类一样,它们是哺乳动物,因此这里的they指代前面提到的Whales。故选D。
技巧点拨 代词指代题考查学生是否能在语篇中辨认出代词所指的内容,常考的代词有they、it、this、that等。解题时需要结合画线代词的上下文,通过语义、逻辑关系等来判断出代词的指代关系。
19.A 信息还原题。第一篇文章讲述的是Diogenes的个人行为和哲学观点,属于人文领域,因此a处应填People。第二篇文章介绍了鲸鱼的生物学特征、进化历史和现状,属于科学领域,因此b处应填Science。故选A。

【分析】
本题为百科全书主题的英语阅读理解题，包含3道不同题型：17题是推理判断题，需结合Diogenes的生活理念推导结论；18题是代词指代题，需根据上下文逻辑确定代词指代对象；19题是信息还原题，需判断两篇文章所属的领域类别。解题时需先定位原文关键信息，再结合题型技巧分析选项。
【解析】
17. 推理判断题：根据第一篇文章中“For him, the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible.”可知，Diogenes认为快乐源于拥有极少物品，由此可推知他鼓励人们过简单生活，对应选项C。
18. 代词指代题：第二篇文章中画线词“they”所在句的前文主语为“Whales”，结合语境“Like humans, they are mammals”可知，此处“they”指代前文提到的Whales，对应选项D。
19. 信息还原题：第一篇文章介绍Diogenes的个人行为与哲学观点，属于人文领域，故a处应填“People”；第二篇文章介绍鲸鱼的生物学特征、生存现状等，属于科学领域，故b处应填“Science”，对应选项A。
【答案】
17.C 18.D 19.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、推理判断、代词指代
【点评】
本题考查初中英语八年级阅读理解的核心题型，涵盖推理判断、代词指代和信息还原，需学生具备定位原文、逻辑推导的能力，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7