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Ⅴ. 阅读理解
（2025 · 贵州期末改编）
Traveling is exciting, but it can also be challenging. Peter loves exploring new cultures. He thought knowing a few foreign words was enough, but he soon realized his body was sometimes "speaking" the wrong language!
His first lesson happened in Bulgaria. He wanted to say "Yes" to a shopkeeper offering him coffee, so he nodded his head up and down with a smile. To his surprise, the shopkeeper took the coffee away. Later, Peter learned that in Bulgaria, nodding your head actually means "No", and shaking your head from side to side means "Yes". He had been saying the opposite of what he meant!
Then, he visited some parts of the Middle East. After a fast taxi ride, he gave the driver a big "thumbs up"（竖起大拇指）to show he was happy with the service. The driver suddenly looked very angry and shouted at him. Peter was shocked. He didn't know that the "thumbs-up" sign is a serious insult in that area, similar to saying a bad word.
Even something like calling someone over can be different. In the USA, Peter uses his index finger to call someone. But in the Philippines, this gesture is usually used for dogs! To call a person politely, they turn their palms（手掌）down and wave their fingers toward themselves.
Finally, Peter learned an important lesson: when you travel, you should "listen" with your eyes and "watch" your hands as carefully as your words to avoid silly mistakes.
1. 新考法 创新设问 According to the text, what should Peter do if he wants to say "Yes" in Bulgaria?
A. Give a "thumbs up".
B. Nod his head up and down.
C. Shake his head from side to side.
D. Use his index finger to call people.
2. What does the underlined word "insult" mean?
A. Disrespect.
B. Joke.
C. Praise.
D. Thanks.
3. 新考法 篇章结构 What is the structure of the text?（P＝Paragraph）
A.
4. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Body language is different in different countries.
B. The "thumbs up" sign means "good" in the Middle East.
C. Peter traveled around the world and made many friends.
D. Speaking foreign language is the most important while traveling.
（2025 · 贵州期末改编）
Traveling is exciting, but it can also be challenging. Peter loves exploring new cultures. He thought knowing a few foreign words was enough, but he soon realized his body was sometimes "speaking" the wrong language!
His first lesson happened in Bulgaria. He wanted to say "Yes" to a shopkeeper offering him coffee, so he nodded his head up and down with a smile. To his surprise, the shopkeeper took the coffee away. Later, Peter learned that in Bulgaria, nodding your head actually means "No", and shaking your head from side to side means "Yes". He had been saying the opposite of what he meant!
Then, he visited some parts of the Middle East. After a fast taxi ride, he gave the driver a big "thumbs up"（竖起大拇指）to show he was happy with the service. The driver suddenly looked very angry and shouted at him. Peter was shocked. He didn't know that the "thumbs-up" sign is a serious insult in that area, similar to saying a bad word.
Even something like calling someone over can be different. In the USA, Peter uses his index finger to call someone. But in the Philippines, this gesture is usually used for dogs! To call a person politely, they turn their palms（手掌）down and wave their fingers toward themselves.
Finally, Peter learned an important lesson: when you travel, you should "listen" with your eyes and "watch" your hands as carefully as your words to avoid silly mistakes.
1. 新考法 创新设问 According to the text, what should Peter do if he wants to say "Yes" in Bulgaria?
A. Give a "thumbs up".
B. Nod his head up and down.
C. Shake his head from side to side.
D. Use his index finger to call people.
2. What does the underlined word "insult" mean?
A. Disrespect.
B. Joke.
C. Praise.
D. Thanks.
3. 新考法 篇章结构 What is the structure of the text?（P＝Paragraph）
A.
4. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Body language is different in different countries.
B. The "thumbs up" sign means "good" in the Middle East.
C. Peter traveled around the world and made many friends.
D. Speaking foreign language is the most important while traveling.
答案
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了美国学生 Peter 在旅行中因不了解不同国家的肢体语言含义而闹出误会的故事,说明了不同国家的肢体语言存在差异。
1. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“... in Bulgaria, nodding your head actually means 'No', and shaking your head from side to side means 'Yes'.”可知,在保加利亚摇头表示“是”。故选 C。
2. A 解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段“similar to saying a bad word”可知,竖大拇指在该地区是严重的侮辱行为,insult 意为“侮辱、不尊重”。故选 A。
3. B 解析:篇章结构题。第一段引出话题;第二、三、四段分别举例说明不同国家的肢体语言差异;第五段总结教训。故选 B。
4. A 解析:主旨大意题。全文通过 Peter 的经历说明了不同国家的肢体语言含义不同。故选 A。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了美国学生 Peter 在旅行中因不了解不同国家的肢体语言含义而闹出误会的故事,说明了不同国家的肢体语言存在差异。
1. C 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“... in Bulgaria, nodding your head actually means 'No', and shaking your head from side to side means 'Yes'.”可知,在保加利亚摇头表示“是”。故选 C。
2. A 解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段“similar to saying a bad word”可知,竖大拇指在该地区是严重的侮辱行为,insult 意为“侮辱、不尊重”。故选 A。
3. B 解析:篇章结构题。第一段引出话题;第二、三、四段分别举例说明不同国家的肢体语言差异;第五段总结教训。故选 B。
4. A 解析:主旨大意题。全文通过 Peter 的经历说明了不同国家的肢体语言含义不同。故选 A。
解析
【分析】本题是阅读理解的篇章结构题，解题思路是先梳理文章各段落的内容与作用：第一段引出旅行中肢体语言可能出错的话题；第二、三、四段分别列举在保加利亚、中东、菲律宾因不了解当地肢体语言含义产生误会的例子，属于分述部分；第五段总结全文，强调旅行中要注意肢体语言的重要性，属于总结部分。因此文章为“总-分-总”结构，对应选项B的结构。
【解析】文章第一段总起，点明旅行中肢体语言可能产生误解；第二、三、四段分别举例说明不同国家肢体语言的差异，是分述部分；第五段总结，强调旅行中要关注肢体语言，是总结部分，整体为总-分-总结构，对应选项B的图示。
【答案】B
【知识点】阅读理解（篇章结构）、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】本题考查阅读理解的篇章结构分析，要求学生梳理文章段落间的逻辑关系，明确各段作用，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】文章第一段总起，点明旅行中肢体语言可能产生误解；第二、三、四段分别举例说明不同国家肢体语言的差异，是分述部分；第五段总结，强调旅行中要关注肢体语言，是总结部分，整体为总-分-总结构，对应选项B的图示。
【答案】B
【知识点】阅读理解（篇章结构）、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】本题考查阅读理解的篇章结构分析，要求学生梳理文章段落间的逻辑关系，明确各段作用，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
