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五、阅读理解
A
About 2.6 billion people globally—38% of the world population—are already overweight or obese. But on current trends that is expected to rise to more than 4 billion people (51%) in 12 years' time, according to research by the World Obesity Federation.
Without widespread use of taxes and limits on the promotion of unhealthy food, the number of people who are clinically obese will increase from one in seven today to one in four by 2035. If that happens, almost 2 billion people worldwide would be living with obesity(肥胖).
Judging from appearance seems to be vague. Those with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 are judged to be overweight, while people whose BMI is at least 30 are claimed to be obese. Evidence shows that obesity increases someone's risk of cancer, heart disease and other diseases.
Obesity among children and young people is on course to increase faster than among adults. By 2035 it is expected to be at least double the rate seen in 2020, according to the federation's latest annual World Obesity Atlas report. It is expected to rise by 100% among boys under 18, leaving 208 million affected, but go up even more sharply—by 125%—among girls the same age, which would see 175 million of them affected.
Prof Louise Baur, the federation's president, said the findings were a clear warning that by failing to address obesity today, we risk serious hits(抨击) in the future. "It is especially worrying to see obesity rates rising fastest among teenagers and adolescents," he put it seriously. "Governments and policymakers around the world need to do all they can to avoid passing health, social and economic costs on to the younger generation," Baur added.
The World Obesity Federation wants governments to use tax systems; restrictions on the marketing of foods that are high in fat, salt or sugar; front-of-pack labels; and provision of healthy food in schools to address rising obesity.
(
A. The disconnection between people and food.
B. The preferences of many overweight people.
C. The sharp increase of clinically obese people.
D. The lack of taxes and unhealthy food restrictions.
(
A. Figures of body mass index.
B. Risk of obesity-related diseases.
C. Appearance and body shape.
D. Official data of obesity rates.
(
A. Unclear.
B. Hopeful.
C. Concerned.
D. Doubtful.
(
A. It is policymakers' responsibilities to control the overweight trend.
B. More than half of humans are on track to be overweight or obese by 2035.
C. The World Obesity Federation is a pioneer solving the problem of obesity.
D. Rising obesity globally is being driven by factors such as poor tax systems.
A
About 2.6 billion people globally—38% of the world population—are already overweight or obese. But on current trends that is expected to rise to more than 4 billion people (51%) in 12 years' time, according to research by the World Obesity Federation.
Without widespread use of taxes and limits on the promotion of unhealthy food, the number of people who are clinically obese will increase from one in seven today to one in four by 2035. If that happens, almost 2 billion people worldwide would be living with obesity(肥胖).
Judging from appearance seems to be vague. Those with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 are judged to be overweight, while people whose BMI is at least 30 are claimed to be obese. Evidence shows that obesity increases someone's risk of cancer, heart disease and other diseases.
Obesity among children and young people is on course to increase faster than among adults. By 2035 it is expected to be at least double the rate seen in 2020, according to the federation's latest annual World Obesity Atlas report. It is expected to rise by 100% among boys under 18, leaving 208 million affected, but go up even more sharply—by 125%—among girls the same age, which would see 175 million of them affected.
Prof Louise Baur, the federation's president, said the findings were a clear warning that by failing to address obesity today, we risk serious hits(抨击) in the future. "It is especially worrying to see obesity rates rising fastest among teenagers and adolescents," he put it seriously. "Governments and policymakers around the world need to do all they can to avoid passing health, social and economic costs on to the younger generation," Baur added.
The World Obesity Federation wants governments to use tax systems; restrictions on the marketing of foods that are high in fat, salt or sugar; front-of-pack labels; and provision of healthy food in schools to address rising obesity.
(
C
)1. What does the underlined word "that" refer to?A. The disconnection between people and food.
B. The preferences of many overweight people.
C. The sharp increase of clinically obese people.
D. The lack of taxes and unhealthy food restrictions.
(
A
)2. According to the passage, in what way can we differ overweight groups and obese groups more scientifically?A. Figures of body mass index.
B. Risk of obesity-related diseases.
C. Appearance and body shape.
D. Official data of obesity rates.
(
C
)3. What's Prof Louise Baur's attitude towards the findings?A. Unclear.
B. Hopeful.
C. Concerned.
D. Doubtful.
(
B
)4. What does the text mainly tell us?A. It is policymakers' responsibilities to control the overweight trend.
B. More than half of humans are on track to be overweight or obese by 2035.
C. The World Obesity Federation is a pioneer solving the problem of obesity.
D. Rising obesity globally is being driven by factors such as poor tax systems.
答案
A
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过数据和事实，阐述了全球肥胖问题的现状、未来趋势、对儿童和青少年的影响，并提出了解决策略。
1. C 解析：代词指代题。根据第一段“About 2.6 billion people globally—38% of the world population—are already overweight or obese. But on current trends that is expected to rise to more than 4 billion people(51%) in 12 years' time, according to research by the World Obesity Federation.”可知，that为代词，指代前文提到的某一数据，即首句中全球范围内超重或肥胖的人数。故选C。
2. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Judging from appearance seems to be vague. Those with a body mass index(BMI) of 25 are judged to be overweight, while people whose BMI is at least 30 are claimed to be obese. Evidence shows that obesity increases someone's risk of cancer, heart disease and other diseases.”可知，我们可以根据身体质量指数(BMI)来更科学地区分超重群体和肥胖群体。故选A。
3. C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Prof Louise Baur, the federation's president, said the findings were a clear warning that by failing to address obesity today, we risk serious hits in the future. 'It is especially worrying to see obesity rates rising fastest among teenagers and adolescents,' he put it seriously. 'Governments and policymakers around the world need to do all they can to avoid passing health, social and economic costs on to the younger generation,' Baur added.”可知，Baur教授对这些研究发现持担心态度。故选C。
4. B 解析：文章大意题。根据第一段“About 2.6 billion people globally—38% of the world population—are already overweight or obese. But on current trends that is expected to rise to more than 4 billion people(51%) in 12 years' time, according to research by the World Obesity Federation.”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述，12年后，超过一半的人类将超重或肥胖。故选B。
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过数据和事实，阐述了全球肥胖问题的现状、未来趋势、对儿童和青少年的影响，并提出了解决策略。
1. C 解析：代词指代题。根据第一段“About 2.6 billion people globally—38% of the world population—are already overweight or obese. But on current trends that is expected to rise to more than 4 billion people(51%) in 12 years' time, according to research by the World Obesity Federation.”可知，that为代词，指代前文提到的某一数据，即首句中全球范围内超重或肥胖的人数。故选C。
2. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Judging from appearance seems to be vague. Those with a body mass index(BMI) of 25 are judged to be overweight, while people whose BMI is at least 30 are claimed to be obese. Evidence shows that obesity increases someone's risk of cancer, heart disease and other diseases.”可知，我们可以根据身体质量指数(BMI)来更科学地区分超重群体和肥胖群体。故选A。
3. C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Prof Louise Baur, the federation's president, said the findings were a clear warning that by failing to address obesity today, we risk serious hits in the future. 'It is especially worrying to see obesity rates rising fastest among teenagers and adolescents,' he put it seriously. 'Governments and policymakers around the world need to do all they can to avoid passing health, social and economic costs on to the younger generation,' Baur added.”可知，Baur教授对这些研究发现持担心态度。故选C。
4. B 解析：文章大意题。根据第一段“About 2.6 billion people globally—38% of the world population—are already overweight or obese. But on current trends that is expected to rise to more than 4 billion people(51%) in 12 years' time, according to research by the World Obesity Federation.”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述，12年后，超过一半的人类将超重或肥胖。故选B。
