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Ⅴ.读一读，按要求做题。
Hong Kong—Now and then
Forty years ago, people lived in this building. There were seven floors. On each floor there were ten flats. People used public (公共的) toilets. Everybody walked up the stairs. Now people live in very tall buildings. There are bedrooms, kitchens, bathrooms and living rooms in the flats. Fortunately, there are also lifts.
Forty years ago, children studied in this school. It was on the top floor of a building. There were some fans but it was very hot in summer. Now children study in big schools. They use computers. The schools have air-conditioning (空调设备).
Forty years ago, there were no MTR trains but there was a railway (铁路). The trains were slow. In summer they were very hot and uncomfortable (不舒适的). The only way to cross the harbour (港湾) was by ferry. Now there are MTR trains. They are fast and comfortable. We can cross the harbour by ferry, by car, by bus, by minibus or by MTR.
A.读短文，把A、B、C填入相应语篇前面的方框里。
A. Transport B. Schools C. Homes
B.读短文，根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
(
A. 10. B. 70. C. 7.
(
A. no fans B. no computers C. no air-conditioners
(
A. computers B. air-conditioners C. both A and B
(
A. by ferry B. by MTR C. by bus
(
A. There weren't any trains. B. There weren't any lifts in the buildings.
C. People shared the toilets with their neighbours.
Hong Kong—Now and then
Forty years ago, people lived in this building. There were seven floors. On each floor there were ten flats. People used public (公共的) toilets. Everybody walked up the stairs. Now people live in very tall buildings. There are bedrooms, kitchens, bathrooms and living rooms in the flats. Fortunately, there are also lifts.
Forty years ago, children studied in this school. It was on the top floor of a building. There were some fans but it was very hot in summer. Now children study in big schools. They use computers. The schools have air-conditioning (空调设备).
Forty years ago, there were no MTR trains but there was a railway (铁路). The trains were slow. In summer they were very hot and uncomfortable (不舒适的). The only way to cross the harbour (港湾) was by ferry. Now there are MTR trains. They are fast and comfortable. We can cross the harbour by ferry, by car, by bus, by minibus or by MTR.
A.读短文，把A、B、C填入相应语篇前面的方框里。
A. Transport B. Schools C. Homes
B.读短文，根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
(
B
) 1. How many flats were there in the old building?A. 10. B. 70. C. 7.
(
C
) 2. 40 years ago, it was hot in school in summer because there were no air-conditioners
.A. no fans B. no computers C. no air-conditioners
(
C
) 3. Now children use both A and B
in their schools.A. computers B. air-conditioners C. both A and B
(
A
) 4. 40 years ago, everybody crossed the harbour by ferry
.A. by ferry B. by MTR C. by bus
(
A
) 5. Which one about Hong Kong in the old days is NOT true?A. There weren't any trains. B. There weren't any lifts in the buildings.
C. People shared the toilets with their neighbours.
答案
Ⅴ. A. CBA B. 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A
解析
【分析】
这道题分为主题匹配和细节选择两部分，解题思路非常清晰：做A部分主题匹配时，先明确三个备选主题的含义，逐段阅读每篇小短文的核心内容，把段落核心和对应主题一一对应即可；做B部分选择题时，每道题都回到原文定位对应的细节描述，通过比对信息、简单计算就能排除错误选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
A部分解析
1. 第一篇短文全程围绕40年前和现在香港人的居住建筑、住宅配套设施展开，核心主题是居住相关，对应C. Homes；
2. 第二篇短文全程围绕40年前和现在香港的学校环境、教学配置展开，核心主题是学校相关，对应B. Schools；
3. 第三篇短文全程围绕40年前和现在香港的各类交通出行方式展开，核心主题是交通相关，对应A. Transport；
因此A部分的匹配顺序为CBA。
B部分解析
1. 原文第一段提到旧楼共有7层，每层有10户公寓，总公寓数为7×10=70，选B；
2. 原文第二段提到旧学校只有风扇，夏天非常热，现在的学校配备了空调，说明过去夏天炎热的原因是没有空调，选C；
3. 原文第二段提到现在学校里学生使用电脑，同时学校配备空调，两个描述都符合，选C；
4. 原文第三段提到40年前穿越港湾的唯一方式是乘轮渡，选A；
5. 细节正误判断：A选项称过去没有火车，原文明确说明40年前没有港铁但是有铁路，火车是存在的，该描述错误；B选项过去楼房没有电梯、C选项过去人们和邻居共用公共厕所的描述都符合原文内容，题目要求选出不正确的选项，因此选A。
【答案】
A. CBA B. 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，段落主题匹配，信息计算
【点评】
这是难度较低的事实细节类阅读题，不需要复杂的推理，只要学生耐心回到原文逐句比对信息，不凭模糊印象选答案，就很容易拿到满分，同时能锻炼学生快速抓取段落核心、定位关键信息的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.85
这道题分为主题匹配和细节选择两部分，解题思路非常清晰：做A部分主题匹配时，先明确三个备选主题的含义，逐段阅读每篇小短文的核心内容，把段落核心和对应主题一一对应即可；做B部分选择题时，每道题都回到原文定位对应的细节描述，通过比对信息、简单计算就能排除错误选项，选出正确答案。
【解析】
A部分解析
1. 第一篇短文全程围绕40年前和现在香港人的居住建筑、住宅配套设施展开，核心主题是居住相关，对应C. Homes；
2. 第二篇短文全程围绕40年前和现在香港的学校环境、教学配置展开，核心主题是学校相关，对应B. Schools；
3. 第三篇短文全程围绕40年前和现在香港的各类交通出行方式展开，核心主题是交通相关，对应A. Transport；
因此A部分的匹配顺序为CBA。
B部分解析
1. 原文第一段提到旧楼共有7层，每层有10户公寓，总公寓数为7×10=70，选B；
2. 原文第二段提到旧学校只有风扇，夏天非常热，现在的学校配备了空调，说明过去夏天炎热的原因是没有空调，选C；
3. 原文第二段提到现在学校里学生使用电脑，同时学校配备空调，两个描述都符合，选C；
4. 原文第三段提到40年前穿越港湾的唯一方式是乘轮渡，选A；
5. 细节正误判断：A选项称过去没有火车，原文明确说明40年前没有港铁但是有铁路，火车是存在的，该描述错误；B选项过去楼房没有电梯、C选项过去人们和邻居共用公共厕所的描述都符合原文内容，题目要求选出不正确的选项，因此选A。
【答案】
A. CBA B. 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，段落主题匹配，信息计算
【点评】
这是难度较低的事实细节类阅读题，不需要复杂的推理，只要学生耐心回到原文逐句比对信息，不凭模糊印象选答案，就很容易拿到满分，同时能锻炼学生快速抓取段落核心、定位关键信息的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.85
