【逐步突破】

Ⅰ. 翻译下列短语
1. 一生致力于……
2. 贫困山村
3. 一所免费学校
4. 身患重病
5. 伸出援手

1. devote one's whole life to
2. poor mountain villages
3. a free school
4. be seriously ill
5. give a hand

【分析】本题考查英语常用短语的翻译，需结合课本中固定短语搭配进行转换，注意使用标准的英文固定表达，避免中式英语，准确对应中文含义。
【解析】1. “一生致力于……”对应固定短语devote one's whole life to，其中devote...to是“致力于”的固定搭配，one's whole life表示“一生”；2. “贫困山村”为名词短语，对应poor mountain villages，poor表示“贫困的”，mountain villages表示“山村”；3. “一所免费学校”对应名词短语a free school，free表示“免费的”；4. “身患重病”对应固定短语be seriously ill，seriously修饰ill表示“重病的状态”；5. “伸出援手”对应常用固定短语give a hand，是口语中常用的表达。
【答案】1. devote one's whole life to 2. poor mountain villages 3. a free school 4. be seriously ill 5. give a hand
【知识点】英语固定短语翻译、常用英语短语
【点评】本题为基础英语短语翻译题，考查学生对课本核心固定短语的掌握，属于英语学习的基础内容，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7

Ⅱ.用括号里的词翻译下列句子
1.每个人心中都有一位英雄。(in one's heart)

2.她倾尽一生帮助贫困山村的女孩接受教育。
( receive an education)

3.她竭尽全力为她们建起一所免费学校。
( try one's best)

4.她的故事深深打动了我,展现出善良与坚持真正的力量。(kindness and determination)

1. Everyone has a hero in their heart.
2. She has devoted her whole life to helping girls from poor mountain villages receive an education.
3. She tried her best to build a free school for them.
4. Her story deeply moves me and shows the true power of kindness and determination.

【分析】
本题为指定短语的汉译英题型，解题思路是先明确每句的核心主语、谓语等成分，再结合括号内的固定短语调整英语语序，确保符合英语表达习惯，同时准确传递原句语义。需注意固定搭配的用法（如devote...to后接动名词）、代词的对应（如one's需结合主语调整为their等）。
【解析】
1. 确定主语为“每个人”对应Everyone，谓语“有”用has，宾语“一位英雄”为a hero，结合短语in one's heart，将one's对应主语Everyone调整为their，组合得：Everyone has a hero in their heart.
2. “倾尽一生做某事”的固定结构为devote one's whole life to doing sth，主语是She，故用has devoted her whole life to；“帮助贫困山村的女孩”为helping girls from poor mountain villages，结合短语receive an education作宾补，组合得：She has devoted her whole life to helping girls from poor mountain villages receive an education.
3. “竭尽全力”的固定短语为try one's best，主语She对应one's为her，结合语境用过去式tried，后接不定式to do表目的，“建起一所免费学校”为build a free school，“为她们”用for them，组合得：She tried her best to build a free school for them.
4. 主语“她的故事”对应Her story，谓语“深深打动了我”为deeply moves me，并列谓语“展现出”用shows，“善良与坚持真正的力量”为the true power of kindness and determination，组合得：Her story deeply moves me and shows the true power of kindness and determination.
【答案】
1. Everyone has a hero in their heart.
2. She has devoted her whole life to helping girls from poor mountain villages receive an education.
3. She tried her best to build a free school for them.
4. Her story deeply moves me and shows the true power of kindness and determination.
【知识点】
汉译英、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为基础汉译英练习题，要求运用指定短语完成翻译，需掌握英语固定搭配（如devote...to的用法）、代词对应等基础语法，整体难度适中，适合巩固基础阶段的英语应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅲ.结合Ⅰ和Ⅱ的内容完成习作
The hero in my heart

One possible version:
The hero in my heart
Everyone has a hero in their heart. For me, the hero in my heart is a great teacher named Zhang Guimei.
She has devoted her whole life to helping girls from poor mountain villages receive an education. For example, she tried her best to build a free school for them. She devoted herself completely to this cause, even when she was seriously ill. Her story deeply moves me and shows the true power of kindness and determination.
As a teenager, I will give a hand to the people who are in need around me. I will work hard to make a good contribution to our motherland.

【分析】本题为英语话题作文，主题是“The hero in my heart（我心中的英雄）”，解题思路为：1. 选取符合正能量导向的英雄人物（如张桂梅老师，是典型的奉献型英雄）；2. 搭建文章结构：开头引出心中的英雄，中间具体叙述英雄的核心事迹，结尾抒发自身感悟与行动决心；3. 确保语言流畅，紧扣主题，符合初中英语写作的基本规范。
【解析】按照以下步骤完成写作：
1. 开头段：点明每个人心中都有英雄，明确自己心中的英雄是张桂梅老师；
2. 中间段：具体叙述张桂梅的事迹，如一生致力于帮助贫困山区女孩接受教育，努力创办免费学校，即便病重仍坚守事业；
3. 结尾段：结合自身身份，表达要帮助有需要的人、为祖国做贡献的决心。
【答案】
One possible version:
The hero in my heart
Everyone has a hero in their heart. For me, the hero in my heart is a great teacher named Zhang Guimei.
She has devoted her whole life to helping girls from poor mountain villages receive an education. For example, she tried her best to build a free school for them. She devoted herself completely to this cause, even when she was seriously ill. Her story deeply moves me and shows the true power of kindness and determination.
As a teenager, I will give a hand to the people who are in need around me. I will work hard to make a good contribution to our motherland.
【知识点】英语话题作文写作、英语应用文写作
【点评】本文紧扣“我心中的英雄”主题，结构清晰，分为引入、事例叙述、感悟三个部分，事例具体贴合主题，语言流畅自然，情感真挚，符合英语写作的要求，是一篇优秀的范文。
【难度系数】0.6

知识总结
本单元的话题：
单元话题相关词汇（写出15个以上）
名词：
动词：
形容词/副词：
其他：
本单元学习的语法知识




掌握的几种句型（写出3个以上）




本单元好句积累（写出3个以上）

本单元的话题：谈论青少年在学习、生活中遇到的各类烦恼与问题，学习针对不同问题给出合理可行的解决建议
单元话题相关词汇：
名词：exam, mistake, friendship, habit, knowledge, pocket money, chance, result, law, community, volunteer, duty, deal, time, offer
动词：fail, refuse, warn, consider, trust, waste, explain, encourage, develop, avoid, accept, solve, hurry, point, raise
形容词/副词：fair, unfair, careless, lonely, unhappy, proper, real, instead, quickly, politely, nervous, patient, impolite, tired, busy
其他：instead of, at least, no longer, at the end of, by the way, be worried about, unless, if, so that, even though, as soon as, according to
本单元学习的语法知识：
1. 掌握if引导的条件状语从句“主将从现”的用法规则
2. 掌握unless引导的条件状语从句的含义与使用场景
3. 掌握so that引导的目的状语从句的用法
4. 学习英语中多种礼貌提建议的表达方法
掌握的几种句型：
1. If you tell him the truth now, he will be angry with you.
2. That's a great pity!
3. You had better communicate with your parents when you meet problems.
4. I don't think he will refuse to help you.
本单元好句积累：
1. It is important not to run away from our problems. We should always try to solve them.
2. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse.
3. Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.
4. You're halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!

【分析】
本题为英语单元知识梳理题，解题时需先明确单元核心话题，再按要求分类整理相关词汇（名词、动词、形容词/副词、其他），接着梳理本单元的语法知识，总结掌握的典型句型，最后积累重点好句，确保各部分符合数量要求，结合所学内容完成填写。
【解析】
首先确定单元话题为“谈论青少年在学习、生活中遇到的各类烦恼与问题，学习针对不同问题给出合理可行的解决建议”；然后分类整理词汇：名词填写exam、mistake等15个以上相关词汇，动词填写fail、refuse等相关词汇，形容词/副词填写fair、unfair等相关词汇，其他填写instead of、at least等短语及连词；语法知识梳理if引导的条件状语从句“主将从现”、unless引导的条件状语从句、so that引导的目的状语从句，以及礼貌提建议的表达方法；掌握的句型选取3个以上典型句子，好句积累3个以上重点句子，对应所学内容完成填写。
【答案】
本单元的话题：谈论青少年在学习、生活中遇到的各类烦恼与问题，学习针对不同问题给出合理可行的解决建议
单元话题相关词汇：
名词：exam, mistake, friendship, habit, knowledge, pocket money, chance, result, law, community, volunteer, duty, deal, time, offer
动词：fail, refuse, warn, consider, trust, waste, explain, encourage, develop, avoid, accept, solve, hurry, point, raise
形容词/副词：fair, unfair, careless, lonely, unhappy, proper, real, instead, quickly, politely, nervous, patient, impolite, tired, busy
其他：instead of, at least, no longer, at the end of, by the way, be worried about, unless, if, so that, even though, as soon as, according to
本单元学习的语法知识：
1. 掌握if引导的条件状语从句“主将从现”的用法规则
2. 掌握unless引导的条件状语从句的含义与使用场景
3. 掌握so that引导的目的状语从句的用法
4. 学习英语中多种礼貌提建议的表达方法
掌握的几种句型：
1. If you tell him the truth now, he will be angry with you.
2. That's a great pity!
3. You had better communicate with your parents when you meet problems.
4. I don't think he will refuse to help you.
本单元好句积累：
1. It is important not to run away from our problems. We should always try to solve them.
2. Unless we talk to someone, we'll certainly feel worse.
3. Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.
4. You're halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it!
【知识点】
英语词汇分类、条件状语从句、目的状语从句
【点评】
本题是单元知识系统总结题，有助于学生整合巩固单元所学的词汇、语法、句型，提升知识梳理能力，是单元复习的有效题型。
【难度系数】
0.4