从课文中找到对应的英文词组，完成练习
1. 用围巾把他们的脸遮起来
2. 太阳的热量
3. 突然的大雨
4. 变得五彩缤纷
5. 喜欢打雪仗

1. cover their faces with scarves
2. the heat of the sun
3. the sudden heavy rain
4. become colourful
5. like snowball fights

【分析】本题要求将中文短语转换为对应的标准英文词组，解题思路是：先拆解每个中文短语的核心语义，再匹配英语中对应的常用表达结构：1. “用某物遮某物”对应“cover + 宾语 + with + 工具”结构；2. “A的B”常用“the + B + of + A”的名词所有格结构；3. 形容词修饰名词直接按“形容词+名词”排列；4. “变得”对应系动词become，后接形容词；5. “喜欢某活动”对应“like + 活动短语”，“打雪仗”是固定短语。
【解析】1. “用围巾把他们的脸遮起来”：“他们的脸”是their faces，“围巾”是scarves，用cover...with...结构，得cover their faces with scarves；2. “太阳的热量”：用名词所有格结构the heat of the sun；3. “突然的大雨”：形容词sudden修饰heavy rain，得the sudden heavy rain；4. “变得五彩缤纷”：系动词become后接形容词colourful，得become colourful；5. “喜欢打雪仗”：like后接固定短语snowball fights，得like snowball fights。
【答案】1. cover their faces with scarves；2. the heat of the sun；3. the sudden heavy rain；4. become colourful；5. like snowball fights
【知识点】英语词组翻译、常用短语结构、名词所有格
【点评】本题为基础的中英词组匹配题，考查课本常用短语的掌握情况，属于英语基础题型，难度较低，适合巩固词汇与短语搭配。
【难度系数】0.9

一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. These children usually feel (sleep) after meals.
2. Look! Diana’s blouse looks (shine) in the sun.
3. Jack is (luck) enough to catch the early bus.
4. The classroom is too (noise). Please keep quiet!
5. It is often (fog) and cool in some parts of northern China in autumn.
6. I am sure you need a (health) diet if you want to be stronger.

1. sleepy
2. shiny
3. lucky
4. noisy
5. foggy
6. healthy

【分析】首先观察每个句子的结构，句中的feel、looks、is等均为系动词，系动词后需接形容词作表语；部分题目中名词前也需用形容词修饰，因此需将括号内的名词或动词转换为对应的形容词形式，结合常见的形容词后缀规则完成变形。
【解析】1. feel是系动词，后接形容词，sleep的形容词形式为sleepy；2. looks是系动词，后接形容词，shine的形容词形式为shiny；3. is后接形容词，luck的形容词形式为lucky；4. is后接形容词，noise的形容词形式为noisy；5. is后接形容词，fog的形容词形式为foggy；6. diet是名词，前面需用形容词修饰，health的形容词形式为healthy。
【答案】1. sleepy；2. shiny；3. lucky；4. noisy；5. foggy；6. healthy
【知识点】形容词的构成、系动词的用法
【点评】本题考查系动词后接形容词的用法及常见单词的形容词变形，属于基础题型，需掌握常见名词/动词变形容词的后缀规则。
【难度系数】0.6

二、根据中文意思完成句子
1. 周末在城市周边进行一次短途旅行怎么样？
How about having？
2. 哪个季节是一年中最好的季节？
3. 他们喜欢在下雪天打雪仗和堆雪人。
They like.

1. a short trip around the city at the weekend
2. Which season is the best time of year?
3. having snowball fights and making snowmen on snowy days

【分析】
完成这三道汉译英题目，需结合中文含义匹配对应的英文固定短语、句式结构，同时注意动词形式的变化：1. How about后接动名词，需对应“短途旅行”“城市周边”“周末”的英文表达；2. 转换特殊疑问句结构，匹配“哪个季节”“一年中最好的”的英文表述；3. like后接动名词，对应“打雪仗”“堆雪人”“在下雪天”的英文短语。
【解析】
1. “How about”后接动名词短语，“短途旅行”译为“a short trip”，“城市周边”译为“around the city”，“周末”译为“at the weekend”，组合后为“a short trip around the city at the weekend”；
2. 特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词+be动词+主语+其他”，“哪个季节”译为“Which season”，“一年中最好的”译为“the best time of year”，组合后为“Which season is the best time of year?”；
3. “like”后接动名词，“打雪仗”译为“have snowball fights”，“堆雪人”译为“make snowmen”，“在下雪天”译为“on snowy days”，组合后为“having snowball fights and making snowmen on snowy days”。
【答案】
1. a short trip around the city at the weekend
2. Which season is the best time of year?
3. having snowball fights and making snowmen on snowy days
【知识点】
固定搭配运用、特殊疑问句、动名词用法
【点评】
本题为基础汉译英完成句子题，考查核心英语短语和基础句式的运用，属于英语学习中的基础题型，牢记常用短语和语法规则即可轻松解答。
【难度系数】
0.8

一、短文填空
阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。
There are four seasons in a year in China. Spring (1) (come) in March. June, July and August make up the summer season. September, October and November make up the autumn season. December, January and February make up the winter season.
In different seasons, people wear different clothes and do different things. When the weather is hot, people wear cool clothes and do things like (2) (swim).
Near the North Pole (北极), there are only two seasons. (3) are winter
and summer. In winter, the nights are long. For over two months you cannot see the sun, even at noon. In summer, the days are long. For over two months, the sun never (4) (go) down and there is no night. The people living near the North Pole are (5) (call) the Inuit (因纽特人). In summer, they live in (6) (tent) and hunt deer for food. In winter, they live in small round snow houses. They can build a snow house in two hours. They travel around by (7) (use) dogs to carry their things. They make holes in the ice to catch fish and seals. They eat a lot of meat (8) not many vegetables.

1. comes
2. swimming
3. They
4. goes
5. called
6. tents
7. using
8. but

【分析】
这是一道短文填空题，需结合语法规则、固定搭配及上下文语境解题。具体思路：1. 第1空：主语Spring是第三人称单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，动词需变第三人称单数形式；2. 第2空：like作介词时，后接动词要用动名词形式；3. 第3空：前文提到北极有两个季节，此处指代这两个季节，需用人称代词主格；4. 第4空：主语the sun是第三人称单数，描述客观现象用一般现在时，动词变第三人称单数；5. 第5空：此处表被动含义，需用被动语态结构（be+过去分词）；6. 第6空：tent是可数名词，表泛指时用复数形式；7. 第7空：by表方式时，后接动词要用动名词；8. 第8空：前后句为转折关系，需用转折连词。
【解析】
1. 主语Spring为第三人称单数，一般现在时表客观事实，故填comes；
2. like为介词，后接动名词，故填swimming；
3. 指代前文的two seasons，用主格代词They，故填They；
4. 主语the sun是第三人称单数，一般现在时，故填goes；
5. 被动语态be called，故填called；
6. 可数名词tent表泛指，用复数tents，故填tents；
7. by表方式，后接动名词using，故填using；
8. 前后转折关系，用but，故填but。
【答案】
1. comes
2. swimming
3. They
4. goes
5. called
6. tents
7. using
8. but
【知识点】
一般现在时、介词后接动名词、代词指代
【点评】
本题考查基础语法知识，涵盖时态、非谓语动词、被动语态等，结合固定搭配和上下文即可完成，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7