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E(2025·苏州姑苏区期末)
一个生态和谐的城市,必然是一个人与动物和谐共存的城市。城市发展既为人与动物和谐相处创造了新的环境,也带来了新的挑战。让我们阅读下面的文章,一起来了解一下一些动物为了在城市里生存下来而做出的改变吧!
Cities are full of tall buildings, factories, and cars. They are very useful places for people to live in. However, for animals, living in a city can be very difficult. This is why some animals have changed to survive city life.
The peppered moth, for example, changes its colour to survive in the city. The quality of the air in the city is not quite good. This makes the surface of trees darker. The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees. In this way, it can hide from other animals.
The great tit changes its voice to survive in the city. It sings to find a mate. But in the city, it is too noisy for other birds to hear it singing. So the great tit changes its song to a higher pitch.
In the forest, the crow drops seeds and nuts from high above to break them on the ground. Then it can get the food inside. However, the city crow has a better idea. It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them. Then it quickly flies down and picks up its meal.
(
A. trees B. cars C. people D. air
(
A. By breaking them with tools.
B. By making other animals do it.
C. By dropping them and waiting for cars to do it.
D. By dropping and breaking them on the ground.
(
A. The animals in cities change their colours.
B. Birds in cities change their singing voices.
C. Cities are useful places for animals and people.
D. Some animals make changes to survive in cities.
一个生态和谐的城市,必然是一个人与动物和谐共存的城市。城市发展既为人与动物和谐相处创造了新的环境,也带来了新的挑战。让我们阅读下面的文章,一起来了解一下一些动物为了在城市里生存下来而做出的改变吧!
Cities are full of tall buildings, factories, and cars. They are very useful places for people to live in. However, for animals, living in a city can be very difficult. This is why some animals have changed to survive city life.
The peppered moth, for example, changes its colour to survive in the city. The quality of the air in the city is not quite good. This makes the surface of trees darker. The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees. In this way, it can hide from other animals.
The great tit changes its voice to survive in the city. It sings to find a mate. But in the city, it is too noisy for other birds to hear it singing. So the great tit changes its song to a higher pitch.
In the forest, the crow drops seeds and nuts from high above to break them on the ground. Then it can get the food inside. However, the city crow has a better idea. It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them. Then it quickly flies down and picks up its meal.
(
A
)1. The peppered moth changes colour to match the A
.A. trees B. cars C. people D. air
(
C
)2. How does the city crow break seeds?A. By breaking them with tools.
B. By making other animals do it.
C. By dropping them and waiting for cars to do it.
D. By dropping and breaking them on the ground.
(
D
)3. 中考新考法 推断文章主题 What's the main idea of this passage?A. The animals in cities change their colours.
B. Birds in cities change their singing voices.
C. Cities are useful places for animals and people.
D. Some animals make changes to survive in cities.
答案
E 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市中的一些动物为了适应城市环境而做出的改变。
1. A ［解析］细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees.”可知，花斑蛾改变颜色是为了与树木相匹配。故选A。
2. C ［解析］细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them.”可知，城市里的乌鸦会把种子扔到街上，等待汽车把它们碾碎。故选C。
3. D ［解析］主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“This is why some animals have changed to survive city life.”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了城市中的一些动物为了适应城市环境而做出的改变。故选D。
1. A ［解析］细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees.”可知，花斑蛾改变颜色是为了与树木相匹配。故选A。
2. C ［解析］细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them.”可知，城市里的乌鸦会把种子扔到街上，等待汽车把它们碾碎。故选C。
3. D ［解析］主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“This is why some animals have changed to survive city life.”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了城市中的一些动物为了适应城市环境而做出的改变。故选D。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于城市动物适应性变化的英语阅读理解题，包含2道细节理解题和1道主旨大意题。解题时，细节题需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，查找关键信息；主旨大意题需抓住全文中心句或核心内容，排除片面选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“peppered moth changes colour”定位到文章第二段，原文明确提到“The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees.”，可知花斑蛾变色是为了匹配树木，故选A。
2. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“city crow break seeds”定位到文章最后一段，原文表述为“It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them.”，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 主旨大意题：文章第一段点明中心“This is why some animals have changed to survive city life.”，后文通过花斑蛾、大山雀、乌鸦的例子具体说明，核心是城市动物为生存做出改变，A、B仅为部分例子，C与原文不符，故选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文为说明文，以举例方式介绍城市动物的生存适应性变化，题目侧重考察学生的信息定位能力和主旨归纳能力，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇关于城市动物适应性变化的英语阅读理解题，包含2道细节理解题和1道主旨大意题。解题时，细节题需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，查找关键信息；主旨大意题需抓住全文中心句或核心内容，排除片面选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“peppered moth changes colour”定位到文章第二段，原文明确提到“The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees.”，可知花斑蛾变色是为了匹配树木，故选A。
2. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“city crow break seeds”定位到文章最后一段，原文表述为“It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them.”，对应选项C，故选C。
3. 主旨大意题：文章第一段点明中心“This is why some animals have changed to survive city life.”，后文通过花斑蛾、大山雀、乌鸦的例子具体说明，核心是城市动物为生存做出改变，A、B仅为部分例子，C与原文不符，故选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本文为说明文，以举例方式介绍城市动物的生存适应性变化，题目侧重考察学生的信息定位能力和主旨归纳能力，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
