Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2分,共16分)
(2024·苏州中考)A
Auggie's Story
Sleep
I'd been reading for over an hour and sleep still didn't come. It was almost two a.m. Everyone else was asleep. I had my flashlight(手电筒) on under the sleeping bag. Maybe the light was why I couldn't sleep, but I was too afraid to turn it off. What had happened kept coming back to my mind.
When we got back to the camp, no one noticed we'd been gone. The teachers and all the other kids were still watching the film. They didn't know how something bad had just happened to me and Jack. It's so strange how that can be, how you could have a night that's the worst in your life, but to everybody else it's just a usual night.
Amos, Miles and Henry brought us back to our seats. Then they returned to their own seats. In a way, everything was exactly as we had left it. The sky was the same. The film was the same. Everyone's face was the same. Mine was the same.
But something was different. Something had changed.
Home
"So, do you want to hear about the bad part or the good part first?" I asked Mum.
"Whatever you want to talk about," she answered.
"Well, except for last night, I had a fantastic time," I said. "I feel like they ruined(毁坏) the whole trip for me."
"No, sweetie. Don't let them do that to you. You were there for more than forty-eight hours, and that awful part lasted one hour.
Don't let them take that away from you, okay?"
"I know," I nodded. "But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that? Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this?"
"There are always going to be bad guys in the world, Auggie," she said, looking at me. "But I really believe there are more good people on this earth than bad people, and the good people watch out for each other and take care of each other. Just like Jack was there for you. And Amos. And those other kids."
"Oh yeah, Miles and Henry," I answered. "They were amazing too. It's very strange because Miles and Henry haven't even really been very nice to me at all during the year."
"Sometimes people surprise us," she said, rubbing the top of my head.
1. Why couldn't Auggie fall asleep?
A. He kept thinking about something.
B. He was doing bedtime reading.
C. He was looking for his flashlight.
D. He didn't like his sleeping bag.
2. 语言能力 分析能力 According to the first part, what was different at the camp?
A. The sky.
B. Auggie's face.
C. The film.
D. Auggie's feeling.
3. Auggie was worried that .
A. his mum would feel unhappy
B. bad guys would always be around
C. he would not have a good trip
D. Jack would not be his friend any more
4. What do we know about Miles and Henry?
A. They ruined Auggie's whole trip.
B. They took something away from Auggie.
C. They were nice to Auggie this time.
D. They were Auggie's best friends.

1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了 Auggie 在参加学校组织的露营时发生了一些不好的事,他回到家中和妈妈讲述了他的经历,妈妈告诉他世界上的好人远比坏人多。
1. A 解析:细节理解题。根据"What had happened kept coming back to my mind."可知,Auggie 睡不着是因为他一直在想一些事情。故选 A。
2. D 解析:推理判断题。根据"The sky was the same. The film was the same. Everyone's face was the same. Mine was the same."和"But something was different. Something had changed."可知,天空还是一样,电影也是一样,每个人的脸都一样,Auggie 的脸也一样,但是有些事不一样了,有些事改变了。由此推知,是 Auggie 的感觉不一样了。故选 D。
3. B 解析:细节理解题。根据"But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that? Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this?"可知,Auggie 担心坏人会一直在身边。故选 B。
4. C 解析:推理判断题。根据"'Oh yeah, Miles and Henry,' I answered. 'They were amazing too. It's very strange because Miles and Henry haven't even really been very nice to me at all during the year.'"可推知,虽然 Miles 和 Henry这一年对 Auggie 都不太友好,但是这次露营时对他很好。故选 C。

【分析】
这是一篇中考英语记叙文阅读理解，全部为细节理解和低难度推理判断题，解题思路如下：1. 先快速浏览4道题干，标记每道题的核心定位关键词，比如第一题的couldn't fall asleep、第二题的different at the camp、第三题的Auggie was worried、第四题的Miles and Henry；2. 带着关键词回到原文对应段落逐句查找匹配信息，排除和原文内容明显矛盾的错误选项；3. 对于推理类题目，排除原文明确标注“没有变化”的外在事物类选项，推导最符合逻辑的内在变化结论，所有题目都能通过精准定位快速找到对应线索。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文Sleep部分最后一句"What had happened kept coming back to my mind."，可知Auggie睡不着是因为过往发生的事不断在脑海中浮现，对应A选项；睡前阅读只是他失眠前的行为，并非失眠原因，找手电筒、不喜欢睡袋的内容原文均未提及，排除BCD，选A。
2. 推理判断题：根据原文描述"The sky was the same. The film was the same. Everyone's face was the same. Mine was the same."，可知天空、电影、Auggie的脸都没有发生变化，直接排除A、B、C选项，结合他此前遭遇了恶性事件的背景，可推知发生变化的是Auggie的内心感受，选D。
3. 细节理解题：定位原文Home部分Auggie向妈妈提出的问题"But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that? Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this?"，可知Auggie担心坏人会一直出现在自己身边，对应B选项；担心妈妈不开心、担心没法拥有愉快旅行、担心Jack不再做朋友的内容均不符合原文表述，排除ACD，选B。
4. 推理判断题：根据原文最后一段Auggie的表述"They were amazing too. It's very strange because Miles and Henry haven't even really been very nice to me at all during the year."，可知Miles和Henry之前一整年对Auggie都不算友好，但这次露营事件里帮助了他，对他很友善，对应C选项；其余选项均和原文内容矛盾，排除ABD，选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
记叙文阅读，细节信息定位，逻辑推理判断
【点评】
本题是中考英语阅读A篇的典型考题，整体难度偏低，考点全部围绕文本基础信息展开，几乎没有强干扰项，主要考查学生快速从记叙文中定位关键信息的能力，同时文本传递了“世界上好人比坏人多，要看到身边的善意”的正向价值观，非常适合基础阶段的学生训练阅读信息查找能力。
【难度系数】
0.85

B
(2024·北京中考改编)Almost everyone
has experienced the feeling of discomfort when their actions do not agree with their inner values. A man, for example, values work-life balance yet works 80 hours every week, caring little about his own health and family. Another example is a boy who holds his parents' love dearly but gets angry at them in a moment of stress; or a woman who hopes to live healthily but gives in to the attraction of fast food during moments of weakness.
This disagreement can lead to serious results, such as worsening relationships, limited personal growth, and self-doubt. The emotional effects of feeling out of control and unable to live up to our own standards can also be deeply harmful. The shame and upset that go along with these feelings often force us into silence, resulting in more self-doubt. One reason for this silence might be that admitting(承认) to these behaviours can feel like showing a weakness or mistake that society tells us should be kept hidden. What's more, recognizing this disagreement requires coming face to face with uncomfortable truths about ourselves—a process that is as discouraging as it is necessary for growth.
Recognizing and addressing these behaviours can provide a possibility of change. By looking into the causes of our behaviours, we can begin to understand our actions more easily and work towards sticking to our beliefs. Research supports the idea that recognizing this disagreement, together with mindfulness and open communication, can help with this process. These methods help us slow down, reflect(反思), and choose behaviours that follow our values more closely, even in the face of old habits or immediate needs.
The key to dealing with this disagreement lies in compassion (同情) for ourselves and others. By developing a culture of openness and by understanding the challenges of aligning behaviours with beliefs, we can begin to break down what prevents us from having conversation and change. Admitting that this disagreement is a shared part of the human experience can enable us to speak openly, find support, and take necessary steps towards the agreement between our inner world and our actions.
While the disagreement between our inner values and actions may be common, through reflection, understanding and purposeful practice, we can bridge the divide and set out on a journey of self-discovery.
5. 语言能力 推断能力 Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 1?
A. To stress an unavoidable need.
B. To show a result of the wrong values.
C. To describe a common human experience.
D. To introduce a change in people's relationships.
6. What does the word "aligning" in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. Matching.
B. Comparing.
C. Mixing.
D. Confusing.
7. 语言能力 分析能力 Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with?
A. Discomfort forces us to give up our beliefs.
B. Our behaviours weaken our understanding of life.
C. Open communication makes it possible for us to change.
D. Keeping silent allows us time to live up to our standards.
8. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To encourage people to stay true to their beliefs.
B. To prove the importance of having the right values.
C. To compare different ways to deal with discomfort.
D. To discuss the influence of people's improper actions.

5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文,论述了人们在生活中会遇到很多实际行动违背自己内心价值观的这种情况会让我们感到不舒服,甚至带来严重后果,但只要通过反思、理解和有目的的实践,我们就可以弥合这种分歧,踏上自我发现之旅。
5. C 解析:写作意图题。通读第一段可知,本段第一句提出了一个观点:几乎每个人都会经历实际行动违背内心价值观带来的不适感,并列举了三个具体的例子。由此可推知,作者在第一段中举例子是为了具体描述这种普遍的人类经历。故选 C。
6. A 解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句"By developing a culture of openness and by understanding the challenges of aligning behaviours with beliefs, we can begin to break down what prevents us from having conversation and change."可知,这里指通过发展一种开放的文化,通过理解使行为与信念保持一致的挑战,人们能够开始突破那些不利于我们进行对话和改变的障碍。上文一直在说行为与信念的"不一致",由此可推知,此处的"挑战"应指使行为与信念保持一致。画线词应意为"使一致",与 A 项意思相近。故选 A。
7. C 解析:观点态度题。根据第三段"These methods help us slow down, reflect, and choose behaviours that follow our values more closely"可知,作者认为"recognizing this disagreement, together with mindfulness and open communication(认识到这种分歧,再加上正念和开放的沟通)"有利于人们认知并解决我们的错误行为;根据第三段"Recognizing and addressing these behaviours can provide a possibility of change."可知,认识并解决这些行为可以提供改变的可能性,因此开放的沟通可以提供改变的可能性。作者应当认同这个观点。故选 C。
8. A 解析:写作意图题。本文论述了人们在生活中会遇到很多实际行动违背内心价值观的这种情况会带来严重后果,并给出解决方法--"通过反思、理解和有目的的实践,我们可以弥合分歧,踏上自我发现的旅程"。因此可知,作者鼓励人们做符合自己价值观的行为。作者写本文的目的是鼓励人们忠于自己的信仰,坚守本心。故选 A。

【分析】
这是一篇中考难度的议论文阅读理解题，解题时可以按照题型逐个梳理思路：
1. 第5题是写作意图题，首先定位到第一段的核心句“Almost everyone has experienced the feeling of discomfort when their actions do not agree with their inner values”，后面的三个例子都是用来支撑这个核心观点的，我们只需要匹配选项中符合“说明这是几乎人人都有的普遍经历”的描述即可。
2. 第6题是词义猜测题，先梳理全文反复出现的核心矛盾：行为和内心价值观的“不一致（disagreement）”，第四段讨论的是解决这个矛盾的方向，也就是让行为和信念达成统一，由此推断画线词的含义。
3. 第7题是作者观点判断题，我们可以用排除法逐个核对选项：A选项和原文“不适感会带来问题但不会迫使我们放弃信念”的表述矛盾，B选项原文没有相关论述，D选项和“沉默会加剧自我怀疑”的内容相悖，剩下的C选项可以在第三段找到对应依据。
4. 第8题是主旨写作意图题，通读全文可知文章先提出行为和内心价值观相悖的普遍现象、危害，再给出解决方法，最终指向鼓励大家践行符合自身价值观的行为，匹配对应选项即可。
【解析】
5. 写作意图题：第一段开篇就提出核心观点“几乎每个人都经历过行为和内心价值观不符带来的不适感”，后续列举的工作狂、对父母发脾气的男孩、忍不住吃快餐的女性三个例子，都是为了具象化说明这种普遍存在的人类共同体验，对应C选项。
6. 词义猜测题：前文一直在讨论“行为和信念不一致”带来的问题，画线词所在句讨论的是解决该问题的方向，也就是让行为和信念达成匹配、统一，“aligning behaviours with beliefs”的含义就是让行为和信念保持一致，和A选项Matching（匹配）含义最接近。
7. 作者观点题：根据第三段内容可知，认识到分歧、正念和开放沟通共同作用，能帮助我们推进改变的进程，认识并修正不当行为本身就提供了改变的可能性，因此开放沟通能够让改变成为现实，C选项表述符合作者观点；其余选项均和原文内容相悖。
8. 主旨意图题：全文围绕“行为和内心价值观相悖的现象、危害、解决路径”展开，最终提出通过反思、实践弥合二者的分歧，本质是鼓励人们坚守本心、忠于自己的信念，对应A选项。
【答案】
5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A
【知识点】
阅读理解写作意图，词义猜测判断，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题是典型的中考议论文阅读，覆盖了初中英语阅读最核心的四类高频考点，解题时需要严格依托原文内容定位信息，避免脱离文本主观臆断，能够有效训练学生的文本信息提取和逻辑推断能力，符合中考阅读的常规考查逻辑。
【难度系数】
0.6