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Ⅰ.阅读理解
情境 素材 人形机器人 「2026广东深圳福田莲花中学期中改编」
Were you surprised by the humanoid robots（人形机器人）performing the Yangge dance（秧歌舞）at the 2025 Spring Festival Gala? Wait for it! Another humanoid robot can even do a front flip（前空翻）. These days, humanoid robots seem to be able to do almost everything. But what makes them so smart?
The secret lies in artificial intelligence（AI）. Since 2022, big progress in generative AI（生成式人工智能）has pushed humanoid robots to the next level. Now, companies are coming up with amazing technologies like large language models（LLMs）.
Peter Chen from Covariant told The Economist that LLMs, which power ChatGPT, can be used to improve robotics. LLMs learn from tons of data and use that knowledge to help robots think. Visual（视觉的）AI helps robots understand what they see in photos and videos. This mix of LLMs and visual AI allows robots to know how things relate and interact, improving their ability to move and perform tasks.
But being smart isn’t enough—robots also need to move well. In the past, even simple tasks like picking up an apple were hard for robots. These days, new technology makes them better. Using light materials like carbon fiber（碳纤维）makes robots strong and flexible. While sensors let them see, hear and “feel” the environment, motors help them move easily. Take Unitree Robotics’ H1 humanoid robot as an example. It has a 3D LIDAR（激光雷达）sensor, a depth camera and a powerful M107 joint（关节）motor.
Humanoid robots are on the rise. The market for these robots could be worth 276.9 billion yuan by 2035.
1. How do large language models improve robots, according to Peter Chen?
A. They let robots move more easily.
B. They learn from data to help robots think.
C. They make robots look more human.
D. They help robots sense the environment.
2. What does the underlined word “flexible” most likely mean in the passage?
A. Easy to break.
B. Fixed in shape.
C. Able to bend or move easily.
D. Heavy and solid.
3. 特色 考法 写作目的题 Why did the writer mention Unitree Robotics?
A. To introduce the latest humanoid robot.
B. To explain how humanoid robots interact with humans.
C. To offer some tips for training a humanoid robot.
D. To show how technology helps robots move better.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Humanoid robots grow smarter and more agile（敏捷的）due to AI and technology.
B. Humanoid robots will completely replace humans in the future.
C. The Spring Festival Gala showcased the latest humanoid robots.
D. LLMs and Visual AI are the only technologies to improve robots.
情境 素材 人形机器人 「2026广东深圳福田莲花中学期中改编」
Were you surprised by the humanoid robots（人形机器人）performing the Yangge dance（秧歌舞）at the 2025 Spring Festival Gala? Wait for it! Another humanoid robot can even do a front flip（前空翻）. These days, humanoid robots seem to be able to do almost everything. But what makes them so smart?
The secret lies in artificial intelligence（AI）. Since 2022, big progress in generative AI（生成式人工智能）has pushed humanoid robots to the next level. Now, companies are coming up with amazing technologies like large language models（LLMs）.
Peter Chen from Covariant told The Economist that LLMs, which power ChatGPT, can be used to improve robotics. LLMs learn from tons of data and use that knowledge to help robots think. Visual（视觉的）AI helps robots understand what they see in photos and videos. This mix of LLMs and visual AI allows robots to know how things relate and interact, improving their ability to move and perform tasks.
But being smart isn’t enough—robots also need to move well. In the past, even simple tasks like picking up an apple were hard for robots. These days, new technology makes them better. Using light materials like carbon fiber（碳纤维）makes robots strong and flexible. While sensors let them see, hear and “feel” the environment, motors help them move easily. Take Unitree Robotics’ H1 humanoid robot as an example. It has a 3D LIDAR（激光雷达）sensor, a depth camera and a powerful M107 joint（关节）motor.
Humanoid robots are on the rise. The market for these robots could be worth 276.9 billion yuan by 2035.
1. How do large language models improve robots, according to Peter Chen?
A. They let robots move more easily.
B. They learn from data to help robots think.
C. They make robots look more human.
D. They help robots sense the environment.
2. What does the underlined word “flexible” most likely mean in the passage?
A. Easy to break.
B. Fixed in shape.
C. Able to bend or move easily.
D. Heavy and solid.
3. 特色 考法 写作目的题 Why did the writer mention Unitree Robotics?
A. To introduce the latest humanoid robot.
B. To explain how humanoid robots interact with humans.
C. To offer some tips for training a humanoid robot.
D. To show how technology helps robots move better.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Humanoid robots grow smarter and more agile（敏捷的）due to AI and technology.
B. Humanoid robots will completely replace humans in the future.
C. The Spring Festival Gala showcased the latest humanoid robots.
D. LLMs and Visual AI are the only technologies to improve robots.
答案
1.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“LLMs learn from tons of data and use that knowledge to help robots think.”可知，大语言模型用从数据中学到的知识来帮助机器人思考。故选B。
2.C 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Using light materials like carbon fiber...While sensors let them see, hear and ‘feel’ the environment, motors help them move easily.”可知，使用碳纤维等轻质材料使机器人坚固且灵活；画线单词flexible意为“易弯曲的，灵活的”，即能够轻易弯曲或移动。故选C。
3.D 写作目的题。根据第四段中的“But being smart isn't enough—robots also need to move well...These days, new technology makes them better...Take Unitree Robotics' H1 humanoid robot as an example...”可知，作者以Unitree(宇树科技)的人形机器人为例说明了科技如何帮助机器人更好地移动。故选D。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“These days, humanoid robots seem to be able to do almost everything. But what makes them so smart?”及文章其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了由于人工智能和技术的发展，人形机器人变得更智能、更灵活。故选A。
2.C 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Using light materials like carbon fiber...While sensors let them see, hear and ‘feel’ the environment, motors help them move easily.”可知，使用碳纤维等轻质材料使机器人坚固且灵活；画线单词flexible意为“易弯曲的，灵活的”，即能够轻易弯曲或移动。故选C。
3.D 写作目的题。根据第四段中的“But being smart isn't enough—robots also need to move well...These days, new technology makes them better...Take Unitree Robotics' H1 humanoid robot as an example...”可知，作者以Unitree(宇树科技)的人形机器人为例说明了科技如何帮助机器人更好地移动。故选D。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“These days, humanoid robots seem to be able to do almost everything. But what makes them so smart?”及文章其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了由于人工智能和技术的发展，人形机器人变得更智能、更灵活。故选A。
解析
【分析】本题是围绕人形机器人展开的英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、写作目的、主旨大意四类题型。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，把握文章核心内容（人形机器人因AI和技术发展变得更智能灵活）；2. 针对每道题，根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落；3. 结合题型特点分析选项：细节题找原文原句匹配，词义猜测题结合上下文语境推断，写作目的题分析举例的作用，主旨题概括全文核心。
【解析】1. 细节理解题：根据第三段Peter Chen的表述“LLMs learn from tons of data and use that knowledge to help robots think.”，可知大语言模型通过学习大量数据帮助机器人思考，对应选项B。2. 词义猜测题：第四段提到使用碳纤维等轻质材料使机器人坚固且flexible，结合后文“motors help them move easily”，可知flexible意为“易弯曲、灵活的”，对应选项C。3. 写作目的题：第四段先提出机器人需聪明且移动好，新技术提升机器人性能，随后举Unitree机器人的例子，目的是说明科技如何帮助机器人更好移动，对应选项D。4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕人形机器人因AI和技术发展变得更智能、敏捷展开，对应选项A。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A
【知识点】细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题为初中英语期中阅读理解题，选材贴近科技热点，涵盖多种常见阅读题型，考查学生定位原文、语境猜词、分析写作目的及概括主旨的阅读能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 细节理解题：根据第三段Peter Chen的表述“LLMs learn from tons of data and use that knowledge to help robots think.”，可知大语言模型通过学习大量数据帮助机器人思考，对应选项B。2. 词义猜测题：第四段提到使用碳纤维等轻质材料使机器人坚固且flexible，结合后文“motors help them move easily”，可知flexible意为“易弯曲、灵活的”，对应选项C。3. 写作目的题：第四段先提出机器人需聪明且移动好，新技术提升机器人性能，随后举Unitree机器人的例子，目的是说明科技如何帮助机器人更好移动，对应选项D。4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕人形机器人因AI和技术发展变得更智能、敏捷展开，对应选项A。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A
【知识点】细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
【点评】本题为初中英语期中阅读理解题，选材贴近科技热点，涵盖多种常见阅读题型，考查学生定位原文、语境猜词、分析写作目的及概括主旨的阅读能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
Ⅱ.阅读还原
情境素材「2026湖北随州曾都期末」
阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）
Do you want to take the air taxi in the rush hour, getting where you want to go much faster than you could in a car?
5. ______ In June, 2025, a company (公司) called Joby Aviation tested (测试) their new air taxi. Joby has been making and testing air taxis since 2017.
Joby says their air taxis will be flown by pilots and each can carry four other passengers. They can fly as fast as 320 kilometers per hour and can go around 160 kilometers before being recharged (充电). 6. ______
Joby thinks they would start carrying passengers for money in the near future. They expect to charge (收费) about $ 3 a mile at first. 7. \_\_\_\_\_\_ Joby also expects that their air taxis can give a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi.8. \_\_\_\_\_\_ For one thing, governments (政府) need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly. And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have worries about them. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters. 9. \_\_\_\_\_\_ Some people think that only rich people will be able to afford (买得起) to use them in the future.A. They are both quieter and cheaper than helicopters (直升机).B. Air taxis will change the world in the future.C. Air taxis are taking a big step now.D. But there's still a lot to do before air taxis become common.E. However, they'll still be adding noise and traffic to the sky.F. But over time, they hope to lower the price to less than $ 1 per mile.
情境素材「2026湖北随州曾都期末」
阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）
Do you want to take the air taxi in the rush hour, getting where you want to go much faster than you could in a car?
5. ______ In June, 2025, a company (公司) called Joby Aviation tested (测试) their new air taxi. Joby has been making and testing air taxis since 2017.
Joby says their air taxis will be flown by pilots and each can carry four other passengers. They can fly as fast as 320 kilometers per hour and can go around 160 kilometers before being recharged (充电). 6. ______
Joby thinks they would start carrying passengers for money in the near future. They expect to charge (收费) about $ 3 a mile at first. 7. \_\_\_\_\_\_ Joby also expects that their air taxis can give a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi.8. \_\_\_\_\_\_ For one thing, governments (政府) need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly. And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have worries about them. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters. 9. \_\_\_\_\_\_ Some people think that only rich people will be able to afford (买得起) to use them in the future.A. They are both quieter and cheaper than helicopters (直升机).B. Air taxis will change the world in the future.C. Air taxis are taking a big step now.D. But there's still a lot to do before air taxis become common.E. However, they'll still be adding noise and traffic to the sky.F. But over time, they hope to lower the price to less than $ 1 per mile.
答案
5.C 前文提到“你想在高峰时段乘坐空中出租车，比汽车更快到达目的地吗？”这一问题，后文提到Joby Aviation公司测试了他们的新型空中出租车，且该公司自2017年就开始研发测试，C选项“空中出租车正迈出一大步”符合语境。
6.A 前文介绍了空中出租车的性能，A选项“它们比直升机更加安静，也更加便宜”进一步补充了空中出租车的优势，符合语境。
7.F 前文提到Joby公司希望在不久的未来收费运营，起初预计每英里收费约3美元，F选项“但随着时间的推移，他们希望能够将价格降低到每英里不到1美元的水平”符合语境。
8.D 后文提到政府需要制定空中出租车飞行的相关规则，且人们对其存在担忧，D选项“但在空中出租车普及之前，还有很多工作要做”符合语境。
9.E 前文提到空中出租车可能比直升机更安静，E选项“然而，它们仍会增加空中的噪音和交通流量”符合语境。
6.A 前文介绍了空中出租车的性能，A选项“它们比直升机更加安静，也更加便宜”进一步补充了空中出租车的优势，符合语境。
7.F 前文提到Joby公司希望在不久的未来收费运营，起初预计每英里收费约3美元，F选项“但随着时间的推移，他们希望能够将价格降低到每英里不到1美元的水平”符合语境。
8.D 后文提到政府需要制定空中出租车飞行的相关规则，且人们对其存在担忧，D选项“但在空中出租车普及之前，还有很多工作要做”符合语境。
9.E 前文提到空中出租车可能比直升机更安静，E选项“然而，它们仍会增加空中的噪音和交通流量”符合语境。
解析
【分析】
做阅读还原题时，需先通读全文，把握文章围绕“空中出租车”展开的核心话题，再逐一分析每个空白处前后的语境逻辑，结合选项的语义衔接性，选出最贴合上下文的选项。比如第5题，前文以问句引出空中出租车的话题，后文提到公司测试新型空中出租车，说明空中出租车有进展，对应选项C；第6题前文介绍空中出租车的性能，需补充其优势，对应选项A；第7题前文提到初始收费标准，需衔接价格调整的内容，对应选项F；第8题后文提到政府规则和人们的担忧，说明普及前还有工作，对应选项D；第9题前文说空中出租车比直升机安静，需转折说明仍有噪音问题，对应选项E。
【解析】
1. 第5空：前文提出关于空中出租车的问题，后文介绍Joby公司测试新型空中出租车的情况，说明空中出租车取得了进展，选项C“空中出租车正迈出一大步”能衔接上下文，故选C。
2. 第6空：前文介绍空中出租车的飞行速度、续航等性能，选项A“它们比直升机更加安静，也更加便宜”补充了空中出租车的优势，符合语境，故选A。
3. 第7空：前文提到初始收费约每英里3美元，选项F“但随着时间的推移，他们希望能够将价格降低到每英里不到1美元的水平”衔接了价格调整的内容，符合逻辑，故选F。
4. 第8空：后文提到政府需制定相关规则、人们存在担忧，说明空中出租车普及前还有很多工作要做，选项D“但在空中出租车普及之前，还有很多工作要做”能引出下文，故选D。
5. 第9空：前文提到空中出租车可能比直升机更安静，选项E“然而，它们仍会增加空中的噪音和交通流量”转折说明其仍有噪音问题，符合语境，故选E。
【答案】5.C 6.A 7.F 8.D 9.E
【知识点】阅读理解（阅读还原）
【点评】本题是初中英语常见的阅读还原题，主要考查学生对上下文语境和逻辑衔接的理解能力，解题关键是找准空白处前后的语义关联，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
做阅读还原题时，需先通读全文，把握文章围绕“空中出租车”展开的核心话题，再逐一分析每个空白处前后的语境逻辑，结合选项的语义衔接性，选出最贴合上下文的选项。比如第5题，前文以问句引出空中出租车的话题，后文提到公司测试新型空中出租车，说明空中出租车有进展，对应选项C；第6题前文介绍空中出租车的性能，需补充其优势，对应选项A；第7题前文提到初始收费标准，需衔接价格调整的内容，对应选项F；第8题后文提到政府规则和人们的担忧，说明普及前还有工作，对应选项D；第9题前文说空中出租车比直升机安静，需转折说明仍有噪音问题，对应选项E。
【解析】
1. 第5空：前文提出关于空中出租车的问题，后文介绍Joby公司测试新型空中出租车的情况，说明空中出租车取得了进展，选项C“空中出租车正迈出一大步”能衔接上下文，故选C。
2. 第6空：前文介绍空中出租车的飞行速度、续航等性能，选项A“它们比直升机更加安静，也更加便宜”补充了空中出租车的优势，符合语境，故选A。
3. 第7空：前文提到初始收费约每英里3美元，选项F“但随着时间的推移，他们希望能够将价格降低到每英里不到1美元的水平”衔接了价格调整的内容，符合逻辑，故选F。
4. 第8空：后文提到政府需制定相关规则、人们存在担忧，说明空中出租车普及前还有很多工作要做，选项D“但在空中出租车普及之前，还有很多工作要做”能引出下文，故选D。
5. 第9空：前文提到空中出租车可能比直升机更安静，选项E“然而，它们仍会增加空中的噪音和交通流量”转折说明其仍有噪音问题，符合语境，故选E。
【答案】5.C 6.A 7.F 8.D 9.E
【知识点】阅读理解（阅读还原）
【点评】本题是初中英语常见的阅读还原题，主要考查学生对上下文语境和逻辑衔接的理解能力，解题关键是找准空白处前后的语义关联，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
