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Ⅰ. 根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
1. In 1969, humans finally set foot on the moon's
2. We should conduct a s
3. During the Spring Festival, the train station is very c
4. Scientists are exploring whether there is life on other p
1. In 1969, humans finally set foot on the moon's
surface
(表面).2. We should conduct a s
survey
to find out how they feel about online learning.3. During the Spring Festival, the train station is very c
crowded
with travellers.4. Scientists are exploring whether there is life on other p
planets
in the universe.答案
1. surface
2. survey
3. crowded
4. planets
2. survey
3. crowded
4. planets
解析
【分析】本题是根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词的基础题型，需结合句子语境、固定搭配及词汇知识，填写符合语义和语法要求的正确单词。
【解析】1. 汉语提示为“表面”，对应英文单词surface，moon's surface表示“月球表面”，符合句意。2. 首字母为s，结合“了解对在线学习的感受”的语境，固定搭配conduct a survey意为“做调查”，故填survey。3. 首字母为c，固定搭配be crowded with表示“挤满……”，符合火车站挤满旅客的语境，故填crowded。4. 首字母为p，other后需接可数名词复数，结合“宇宙中其他……”的语境，planets（行星）符合要求，故填planets。
【答案】1. surface 2. survey 3. crowded 4. planets
【知识点】单词拼写、固定搭配、名词复数
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的运用，结合语境和固定搭配即可完成，属于巩固词汇的基础题，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 汉语提示为“表面”，对应英文单词surface，moon's surface表示“月球表面”，符合句意。2. 首字母为s，结合“了解对在线学习的感受”的语境，固定搭配conduct a survey意为“做调查”，故填survey。3. 首字母为c，固定搭配be crowded with表示“挤满……”，符合火车站挤满旅客的语境，故填crowded。4. 首字母为p，other后需接可数名词复数，结合“宇宙中其他……”的语境，planets（行星）符合要求，故填planets。
【答案】1. surface 2. survey 3. crowded 4. planets
【知识点】单词拼写、固定搭配、名词复数
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的运用，结合语境和固定搭配即可完成，属于巩固词汇的基础题，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
Ⅱ. 将 air 与方框中的单词搭配并完成句子。
1. We will travel to Sydney by
2. Please arrive at the
3. The car's
4. Good
5. Which
6. This letter will be sent by
1. We will travel to Sydney by
airplane
next week.2. Please arrive at the
airport
two hours before your flight.3. The car's
airbag
will protect you in case of an accident.4. Good
airflow
in the room makes us feel comfortable.5. Which
airline
do you prefer to fly with?6. This letter will be sent by
airmail
to ensure it arrives quickly.答案
1. airplane
2. airport
3. airbag
4. airflow
5. airline
6. airmail
2. airport
3. airbag
4. airflow
5. airline
6. airmail
解析
【分析】
这道题考查英语复合词的构成与运用，解题思路是：先将左侧的“air”与右侧给出的单词组合成对应的复合词，再结合每个句子的语境，选择含义匹配的复合词填空即可。
【解析】
1. 句子表达“乘某种交通工具去悉尼旅行”，“飞机”对应的复合词是air（空气）+plane（飞机）→airplane，所以填airplane；
2. 句子提到“航班起飞前到达的地点”，机场对应的复合词是air（空气）+port（港口）→airport，所以填airport；
3. 句子说“汽车里保护人的部件”，安全气囊对应的复合词是air（空气）+bag（袋子）→airbag，所以填airbag；
4. 句子描述“房间里让人舒适的气体相关事物”，气流对应的复合词是air（空气）+flow（流动）→airflow，所以填airflow；
5. 句子问“乘坐哪家公司飞行”，航空公司对应的复合词是air（空气）+line（线路）→airline，所以填airline；
6. 句子说“快速寄送信件的方式”，航空邮件对应的复合词是air（空气）+mail（邮件）→airmail，所以填airmail。
【答案】
1. airplane
2. airport
3. airbag
4. airflow
5. airline
6. airmail
【知识点】
复合词构成；英语词义辨析
【点评】
本题结合语境考查由“air”构成的复合词，需要学生掌握相关复合词的含义，难度较低，属于基础词汇运用题，适合巩固复合词的知识点。
【难度系数】
0.2
这道题考查英语复合词的构成与运用，解题思路是：先将左侧的“air”与右侧给出的单词组合成对应的复合词，再结合每个句子的语境，选择含义匹配的复合词填空即可。
【解析】
1. 句子表达“乘某种交通工具去悉尼旅行”，“飞机”对应的复合词是air（空气）+plane（飞机）→airplane，所以填airplane；
2. 句子提到“航班起飞前到达的地点”，机场对应的复合词是air（空气）+port（港口）→airport，所以填airport；
3. 句子说“汽车里保护人的部件”，安全气囊对应的复合词是air（空气）+bag（袋子）→airbag，所以填airbag；
4. 句子描述“房间里让人舒适的气体相关事物”，气流对应的复合词是air（空气）+flow（流动）→airflow，所以填airflow；
5. 句子问“乘坐哪家公司飞行”，航空公司对应的复合词是air（空气）+line（线路）→airline，所以填airline；
6. 句子说“快速寄送信件的方式”，航空邮件对应的复合词是air（空气）+mail（邮件）→airmail，所以填airmail。
【答案】
1. airplane
2. airport
3. airbag
4. airflow
5. airline
6. airmail
【知识点】
复合词构成；英语词义辨析
【点评】
本题结合语境考查由“air”构成的复合词，需要学生掌握相关复合词的含义，难度较低，属于基础词汇运用题，适合巩固复合词的知识点。
【难度系数】
0.2
Ⅲ. 阅读短文，回答问题。
My name is Brown. I dreamed of becoming an astronaut when I was young. And my father often told me that I could realize my dream as long as I was hard-working enough. Then I worked hard and trained for 10 years to fly planes and then to fly a spaceship. I felt so excited when I first wore my spacesuit at the age of 26.
As an astronaut, the change of gravity was the most difficult part of the journey. The pull of gravity was the strongest when we left Earth's atmosphere(大气层). We were heavily pushed back into our seats and couldn't even talk. But when we got into space, we cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin as the gravity had disappeared. But we faced a new problem. We had to watch out when eating. In order to stop our food from floating away, we had to eat special food made for space. Then it was very scary when we returned to Earth. Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship when Earth's gravity increased. It was really an exciting but difficult experience.
Now I'm working hard and hope to visit the moon someday.
1. What was the most difficult part of the journey for Brown as an astronaut?（不超过5个词）
2. Why did Brown and other astronauts have to eat special food in space?（不超过10个词）
3. What happened when the spaceship returned to Earth?（不超过10个词）
My name is Brown. I dreamed of becoming an astronaut when I was young. And my father often told me that I could realize my dream as long as I was hard-working enough. Then I worked hard and trained for 10 years to fly planes and then to fly a spaceship. I felt so excited when I first wore my spacesuit at the age of 26.
As an astronaut, the change of gravity was the most difficult part of the journey. The pull of gravity was the strongest when we left Earth's atmosphere(大气层). We were heavily pushed back into our seats and couldn't even talk. But when we got into space, we cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin as the gravity had disappeared. But we faced a new problem. We had to watch out when eating. In order to stop our food from floating away, we had to eat special food made for space. Then it was very scary when we returned to Earth. Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship when Earth's gravity increased. It was really an exciting but difficult experience.
Now I'm working hard and hope to visit the moon someday.
1. What was the most difficult part of the journey for Brown as an astronaut?（不超过5个词）
The change of gravity.
2. Why did Brown and other astronauts have to eat special food in space?（不超过10个词）
To stop their food from floating away.
3. What happened when the spaceship returned to Earth?（不超过10个词）
Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.
答案
1. The change of gravity.
2. To stop their food from floating away.
3. Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.
2. To stop their food from floating away.
3. Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解的细节简答题，需根据题干问题定位原文对应信息，再按字数要求提取答案。第1题问宇航员旅程最难的部分，直接定位原文对应句；第2题问吃特殊食物的原因，定位原文饮食相关原因句；第3题问返回地球时的事件，定位原文返回相关描述，均为原文直接信息，需注意控制答案字数。
【解析】
1. 题干问Brown作为宇航员旅程中最困难的部分，根据原文第二段第一句“As an astronaut, the change of gravity was the most difficult part of the journey.”，提取答案为The change of gravity.；
2. 题干问吃特殊食物的原因，根据原文“In order to stop our food from floating away, we had to eat special food made for space.”，提取答案为To stop their food from floating away.；
3. 题干问返回地球时发生的事，根据原文“Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship when Earth's gravity increased.”，提取答案为Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.。
【答案】
1. The change of gravity.
2. To stop their food from floating away.
3. Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；细节理解题；回答问题
【点评】
本题是英语阅读理解中的细节简答题，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息并按要求概括答案的能力，所有答案均可从原文直接找到，难度较低，适合基础学生作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为英语阅读理解的细节简答题，需根据题干问题定位原文对应信息，再按字数要求提取答案。第1题问宇航员旅程最难的部分，直接定位原文对应句；第2题问吃特殊食物的原因，定位原文饮食相关原因句；第3题问返回地球时的事件，定位原文返回相关描述，均为原文直接信息，需注意控制答案字数。
【解析】
1. 题干问Brown作为宇航员旅程中最困难的部分，根据原文第二段第一句“As an astronaut, the change of gravity was the most difficult part of the journey.”，提取答案为The change of gravity.；
2. 题干问吃特殊食物的原因，根据原文“In order to stop our food from floating away, we had to eat special food made for space.”，提取答案为To stop their food from floating away.；
3. 题干问返回地球时发生的事，根据原文“Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship when Earth's gravity increased.”，提取答案为Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.。
【答案】
1. The change of gravity.
2. To stop their food from floating away.
3. Fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；细节理解题；回答问题
【点评】
本题是英语阅读理解中的细节简答题，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息并按要求概括答案的能力，所有答案均可从原文直接找到，难度较低，适合基础学生作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
