Passage 10
Recently, Zhejiang did a survey of young people's mental(心理的) health. It found that
(1) junior middle school students are young, they are under a lot of pressure
from school. Besides, about two (2) (five) of senior middle school students
show signs of mental health problems. What are students worried about?
"First, the class ranking(排名) after exams. Second, being (3) (able)
to reach their parents' expectation(期望)," The Youth Times reported.
This is not only true with Chinese students. The American Psychological Association recently
did a similar survey. The results make people (4) (surprise). In the US,
teenagers have a (5) (high) level of stress than adults. For them, one of the
big reasons (6) stress is schoolwork.
What can we do to help?
"To begin with, make sure you have an (7) ______ (act) life. Have a 7-8 hours'
sleep a day, find someone who (8) (exercise) with you every day, and
eat well. They are golden rules (9) are important to follow," said Norman, an
expert from the association. "Also, try to keep away from mobile phones and computers. Unless you
decide to spend less time on them, you (10) (trap) in them."

1. although/though 2. fifths 3. unable 4. surprised 5. higher 6. for 7. active
8. exercises/will exercise 9. that/which 10. will be trapped

【分析】
解题时首先通读全文，明确本文围绕青少年心理健康压力的主题展开，先理清全篇语义逻辑，再逐空结合语法规则、固定搭配、上下文提示推导答案：先判断每个空格所在分句的逻辑关系、所需词性，比如遇到前后语义让步的两个完整分句就对应让步连词；遇到数词提示立刻联想到分数表达规则；看到than提示优先考虑比较级；遇到定语从句先判断先行词属性选对应关系词，遇到条件状语从句牢记主将从现规则，同时还要注意主被动关系，一步步推导就能得出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空处前后两个完整句子“初中生年纪很小”和“他们承受着大量来自学校的压力”是让步逻辑关系，表达“虽然/尽管”的含义，填although/though引导让步状语从句。
2. 此处表达分数“五分之二”，英语分数表达规则为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母的序数词要加s，所以填fifths。
3. 句意为“第二个担忧是无法达到父母的期望”，固定搭配be unable to do sth.表示“不能够做某事”，able的反义形容词unable符合语义，填unable。
4. 固定结构make sb. + adj.表示“使某人处于某种状态”，此处修饰人people，表达“感到惊讶的”，用surprise的形容词形式surprised。
5. 空格后出现比较级标志词than，说明此处要用形容词high的比较级形式higher，表示“青少年的压力水平比成年人更高”。
6. 固定搭配the reason for sth.表示“……的原因”，此处介词for符合搭配要求，填for。
7. 空处修饰后面的名词life，需要用形容词作定语，act对应的形容词active表示“积极的”，an active life即“积极的生活”，填active。
8. 此处是定语从句的谓语，先行词someone是单数第三人称，句子描述日常习惯，用一般现在时谓语动词exercises；也可表示将要发生的动作，填will exercise，两个形式都符合语法。
9. 空处引导定语从句，先行词是golden rules（物），关系代词在从句中作主语，可用that或者which引导。
10. 此处是unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则，主句主语you和动词trap是被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态will be trapped。
【答案】
1. although/though 2. fifths 3. unable 4. surprised 5. higher 6. for 7. active 8. exercises/will exercise 9. that/which 10. will be trapped
【知识点】
让步状语从句，分数表达，定语从句
【点评】
本题是典型的语篇型语法填空题，考点覆盖了句法逻辑判断、词形转换、固定搭配、从句引导词、时态语态等核心考点，需要学生在读懂全篇语义的基础上结合对应语法规则推导答案，其中分数表达、条件状语从句的主将从现+被动语态是高频易错点，能有效考察学生的综合语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

Passage 11
Have you ever heard of Saihanba? It is a very big forest lying in Chengde, Hebei. In
Mongolian, its name means "beautiful highland". Just (1) its name suggests,
across the area are endless forests, grasslands, and clear lakes.
Saihanba used to be a royal(皇家的) hunting ground. During the Qing dynasty (1644-
1911), Emperor(皇帝) Kangxi liked Saihanba very much. He made hunting there
(2) sports activity. Once, 318 rabbits (3) (hunt) for fun
in a day. It was (4) (harm) to the environment.
In 1860, (5) (make) enough money, the land was open to all people. In
the following years, cutting trees and wildfires quickly destroyed the forests and grasslands. By the
1950s, Saihanba had become a poor land (6) animals or plants.
The plans for rebuilding Saihanba started in the 1960s. In 1961, a group of six
(7) (science) travelled through Saihanba and studied trees there. They finally
found one tree standing alone in the large land. It greatly encouraged them. From then on, they
decided to turn Saihanba into a new (8) (nation) forest.
In the past 58 years, after fighting against the difficulties of planting trees in a very cold
place, the poor land (9) (become) a large and beautiful forest.
Today, Saihanba has been known as the "Emerald(绿宝石) of North China". It is very
important for Beijing's water and air quality, for it can make the environment better. It is also a
natural protection (10) can prevent sandstorms.

1. as 2. a 3. were hunted 4. harmful 5. to make 6. without 7. scientists 8. national
9. has become 10. that/which

【分析】
这是一篇介绍塞罕坝发展历程的语篇型语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，梳理出塞罕坝从皇家猎场、生态遭破坏到人工重建成为华北绿宝石的完整故事脉络，之后逐空分析：先判断空格处所需的句法功能与词性，再结合上下文逻辑、固定搭配、时态语态规则、从句相关语法推导答案，最后将所有答案代入全文通读，验证语法和逻辑是否通顺，避免出现不符合语境的错误。
【解析】
1. 此处考查固定结构as sth. suggests，意为“正如……所暗示的”，符合句意“正如它的名字所表明的，这片区域遍布森林、草原与清澈湖泊”，故填as。
2. 此处表示泛指“一项体育活动”，sports以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。
3. 主语318 rabbits和动词hunt是被动关系，且该事件发生在清朝属于过去的时间，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，故填were hunted。
4. 此处作be动词was的表语，需用形容词形式，固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”，harm的形容词形式为harmful，故填harmful。
5. 此处用不定式作目的状语，表达“为了赚取足够的钱”的含义，故填to make。
6. 根据前文“森林和草原被砍伐和野火烧毁”的语境，可知塞罕坝变成了没有动植物的贫瘠土地，介词without表示“没有”，符合语境，故填without。
7. 此处表达“六名科学家”的含义，名词science转化为指代人的名词scientist，前面有数词six，需用复数形式，故填scientists。
8. 此处修饰名词forest，需用形容词作定语，nation的形容词形式national意为“国家的”，national forest即国有林，故填national。
9. 时间状语In the past 58 years是现在完成时的标志性时间，主语the poor land为单数，现在完成时结构为has+过去分词，become的过去分词仍为become，故填has become。
10. 此处为定语从句，先行词是表示事物的natural protection，从句缺少主语，可用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。
【答案】
1. as 2. a 3. were hunted 4. harmful 5. to make 6. without 7. scientists 8. national 9. has become 10. that/which
【知识点】
词性转换，动词时态语态，定语从句
【点评】
本题选取塞罕坝生态建设的热点主题作为语篇载体，考点覆盖了初中英语核心的语法填空考点，难度梯度设置合理，既考查学生对基础语法规则的掌握程度，也要求学生结合上下文语境推导逻辑，避免孤立记忆语法点的误区，同时也能让学生在解题过程中了解我国生态建设的成就。
【难度系数】
0.6