四、词汇运用 热考内容 传统文化 KEY→P12
范畴:人与自我 主题:勤学善思 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★ 建议用时:5分钟 评价:/5
请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
succeed spend grow wake up period
During the Jin dynasty(266－420), there was a child called Che Yin. He was smart and loved to read. He 1. up in a poor family and couldn’t afford lamp oil to study at night.
One night, he saw fireflies outside his house and came up with an idea. He caught some fireflies and put them in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It was said that he 2. all of his summer nights reading like this.
Another child named Sun Kang lived during the same 3. . At that time, a lot of people loved reading very much. One night during winter, Sun used up all of his lamp oil and couldn’t study at night. When he suddenly 4. at midnight, he noticed the thick snow reflecting the moonlight. His first thought was “Oh, I can use the reflected light to read!”. He still took out his books and read, even if it was very cold.
Both of the kids later became 5. government officers. People were touched by their hard-working spirit. Their stories gave the idea of the Chinese idiom(成语)nangying yingxue, or “to read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow”.
参考词汇
完形填空 disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的
阅读理解 A dairy /ˈdeəri/ adj. 奶制的；乳品的
阅读理解 B humanoid /ˈhjuːmənɔɪd/ adj. 像人的 waist /weɪst/ n. 腰
complex /ˈkɒmpleks/ adj. 复杂的 throw out 掷出
词汇运用 firefly /ˈfaɪəflaɪ/ n. 萤火虫 reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 反射
idiom /ˈɪdiəm/ n. 成语 come up with 想出，想到(主意、答案等)
长难句解析
信息还原
[原句] Learning to accept people for all the wonderful ways we are different makes the world kinder and more interesting.(第一段)
[翻译] 学会接受人们在各种奇妙的方面存在的差异，会让这个世界变得更加友善和有趣。
[分析] 句中的Learning to accept people for all the wonderful ways we are different是动名词短语作主语。其中for all the wonderful ways是介词短语，we are different是省略了关系词in which/that的定语从句，修饰先行词ways，指我们存在差异的方面。
英语嗨吧
和动物有关的谚语——Fish

词汇运用
本文主要介绍了“囊萤映雪”的故事。
1. grew 2. spent 3. period 4. woke up
5. successful

【分析】
首先通读短文，把握文章围绕“囊萤映雪”的勤学故事展开。解题时需结合每个空的语境、时态、固定搭配及词性要求，从方框词汇中选择并变形：1. 考查固定搭配“grow up”，结合全文过去时态确定形式；2. 考查“spend time (in) doing sth”结构，匹配时态；3. “same”后接名词，选对应词汇；4. 考查固定短语“wake up”，结合时态变形；5. 修饰名词需用形容词，调整词汇形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：他在一个贫困家庭长大，负担不起夜间学习的灯油。固定搭配“grow up”表示“长大”，全文为过去时态，故填grew。
2. 句意：据说他整个夏夜都这样读书。固定结构“spend time (in) doing sth”表示“花费时间做某事”，过去式为spent，故填spent。
3. 句意：另一个叫孙康的孩子生活在同一时期。“same”后接名词period（时期），符合语境，故填period。
4. 句意：当他午夜突然醒来时，注意到厚厚的雪反射的月光。固定短语“wake up”表示“醒来”，过去式为woke up，故填woke up。
5. 句意：两个孩子后来都成为了成功的政府官员。修饰名词“government officers”需用形容词，故将success变形为successful，填successful。
【答案】
1. grew 2. spent 3. period 4. woke up 5. successful
【知识点】
词汇运用；动词过去式；形容词用法
【点评】
本题以传统文化“囊萤映雪”为载体，考查词汇的语境运用、固定搭配及词性变形，既巩固词汇知识，又渗透传统文化教育，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6