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Ⅵ.首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
原创 喜鹊文化$ In Chinese culture, magpies represent happiness and good luck. But in real life, they are n\underline{1} like that in the story.$
Magpies are scavengers(食腐动物$). They eat anything suitable that comes their way, whether it is a dead body, pet food or fruit. M\underline{2}, magpies are predators($捕食性动物$). They will catch and eat birds that are s\underline{3} than them. During their breeding($繁殖$) season, the magpies will fly to other b\underline{4} nests($巢) and take their eggs and young birds.
$But they are most famous for being bad. They not only f\underline{5} with each other for territory($领地$) and females, but also sometimes attack humans. This may h\underline{6} when you are wearing yellow or orange, or when you enter their territory. And magpie attacks are always directed at your head, so they can be d\underline{7}.$
$The magpie is an auspicious bird in Chinese culture. It belongs to the Corvidae (crow) family, which m\underline{8} the black bird crows or ravens($渡鸦$) are quite similar to magpies. U\underline{9} ravens, which are connected with evil($邪恶), magpies are much loved birds and are believed to bring good luck and wealth to people in Chinese culture.
$Magpies can be found in an area which is n\underline{10} extremely($极度地) cold or extremely hot. Their strong survival abilities have made them able to grow well both in cities and the wild.
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根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空格处填入一个适当的词使短文完整。
原创 喜鹊文化$ In Chinese culture, magpies represent happiness and good luck. But in real life, they are n\underline{1} like that in the story.$
Magpies are scavengers(食腐动物$). They eat anything suitable that comes their way, whether it is a dead body, pet food or fruit. M\underline{2}, magpies are predators($捕食性动物$). They will catch and eat birds that are s\underline{3} than them. During their breeding($繁殖$) season, the magpies will fly to other b\underline{4} nests($巢) and take their eggs and young birds.
$But they are most famous for being bad. They not only f\underline{5} with each other for territory($领地$) and females, but also sometimes attack humans. This may h\underline{6} when you are wearing yellow or orange, or when you enter their territory. And magpie attacks are always directed at your head, so they can be d\underline{7}.$
$The magpie is an auspicious bird in Chinese culture. It belongs to the Corvidae (crow) family, which m\underline{8} the black bird crows or ravens($渡鸦$) are quite similar to magpies. U\underline{9} ravens, which are connected with evil($邪恶), magpies are much loved birds and are believed to bring good luck and wealth to people in Chinese culture.
$Magpies can be found in an area which is n\underline{10} extremely($极度地) cold or extremely hot. Their strong survival abilities have made them able to grow well both in cities and the wild.
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nothing/not
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Moreover
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smaller
4.
birds'
5.
fight
6.
happen
7.
dangerous
8.
means
9.
Unlike
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never/not
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了喜鹊的习性与文化寓意的差异。
1. nothing/not 解析:根据上文“magpies represent happiness and good luck”和转折词 But 可知,现实中喜鹊并非如此,nothing like that 是固定搭配,或可填写 not 表示否定,表“并非如此”。
2. Moreover 解析:根据上文说喜鹊是食腐动物,下文说其是捕食性动物可知,是递进关系,结合首字母 M,填 Moreover(此外)。
3. smaller 解析:根据“catch and eat birds that are ... than them”可知,用形容词比较级,结合首字母 s,填 smaller(更小的)。
4. birds' 解析:根据下文“nests(巢)”可知,此处用名词所有格表所属,结合首字母 b,填 birds'(鸟类的)。
5. fight 解析:根据“for territory and females(为领地和雌性)”可知,fight with 是固定搭配,表“争斗”,结合首字母 f,填 fight。
6. happen 解析:根据上文“sometimes attack humans(有时攻击人类)”可知,此处指这种情况可能发生,结合首字母 h,填 happen。
7. dangerous 解析:根据“magpie attacks are always directed at your head(喜鹊攻击头部)”可知,这是危险的,结合首字母 d,填 dangerous。
8. means 解析:根据上文“belongs to the Corvidae (crow) family(属于鸦科)”可知,这意味着乌鸦和喜鹊相似,主语 which 指代前文内容,结合首字母 m,用第三人称单数 means。
9. Unlike 解析:根据下文“ravens ... connected with evil, magpies ... much loved”可知,是对比关系,结合首字母 U 填 Unlike(与……不同)。
10. never/not 解析:根据下文“extremely cold or extremely hot(极冷或极热)”和常识可知,喜鹊不会生活在这类地区,结合首字母 n,填 never/not。
1. nothing/not 解析:根据上文“magpies represent happiness and good luck”和转折词 But 可知,现实中喜鹊并非如此,nothing like that 是固定搭配,或可填写 not 表示否定,表“并非如此”。
2. Moreover 解析:根据上文说喜鹊是食腐动物,下文说其是捕食性动物可知,是递进关系,结合首字母 M,填 Moreover(此外)。
3. smaller 解析:根据“catch and eat birds that are ... than them”可知,用形容词比较级,结合首字母 s,填 smaller(更小的)。
4. birds' 解析:根据下文“nests(巢)”可知,此处用名词所有格表所属,结合首字母 b,填 birds'(鸟类的)。
5. fight 解析:根据“for territory and females(为领地和雌性)”可知,fight with 是固定搭配,表“争斗”,结合首字母 f,填 fight。
6. happen 解析:根据上文“sometimes attack humans(有时攻击人类)”可知,此处指这种情况可能发生,结合首字母 h,填 happen。
7. dangerous 解析:根据“magpie attacks are always directed at your head(喜鹊攻击头部)”可知,这是危险的,结合首字母 d,填 dangerous。
8. means 解析:根据上文“belongs to the Corvidae (crow) family(属于鸦科)”可知,这意味着乌鸦和喜鹊相似,主语 which 指代前文内容,结合首字母 m,用第三人称单数 means。
9. Unlike 解析:根据下文“ravens ... connected with evil, magpies ... much loved”可知,是对比关系,结合首字母 U 填 Unlike(与……不同)。
10. never/not 解析:根据下文“extremely cold or extremely hot(极冷或极热)”和常识可知,喜鹊不会生活在这类地区,结合首字母 n,填 never/not。
解析
【分析】
首字母填空需遵循以下思路：首先通读全文，把握短文主旨（本文介绍喜鹊的习性与文化寓意的差异）；接着逐句分析空格处的语境，结合首字母提示，判断所需单词的词性与词义；再结合语法规则（如形容词比较级、名词所有格、主谓一致等）和固定搭配，确定单词的正确形式；最后代入验证，确保语句通顺、逻辑合理。
【解析】
1. 根据上文“magpies represent happiness and good luck”及转折词But，可知现实中喜鹊并非如此，结合首字母n，可填nothing（构成固定搭配nothing like，意为“一点也不像”）或not；
2. 上文说明喜鹊是食腐动物，下文指出其是捕食性动物，二者为递进关系，结合首字母M，填Moreover（此外）；
3. 句中出现比较级标志词than，需用形容词比较级，结合首字母s，填smaller（更小的）；
4. 空格后为名词nests，需用名词所有格表所属，结合首字母b，填birds'（鸟类的）；
5. 根据“for territory and females”及固定搭配fight with（与……争斗），结合首字母f，填fight；
6. 上文提到喜鹊有时攻击人类，此处指这种情况可能发生，结合首字母h，填happen；
7. 前文说明喜鹊攻击总是针对头部，因此这种行为是危险的，结合首字母d，填dangerous；
8. which指代前文“喜鹊属于鸦科”这件事，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，结合首字母m，填means（意味着）；
9. 下文对比了乌鸦与喜鹊的寓意，结合首字母U，填Unlike（与……不同）；
10. 根据常识及“extremely cold or extremely hot”，可知喜鹊不会生活在这类地区，结合首字母n，填never或not；
【答案】
1. nothing/not 2. Moreover 3. smaller 4. birds' 5. fight 6. happen 7. dangerous 8. means 9. Unlike 10. never/not
【知识点】
首字母填空解题技巧、形容词比较级、名词所有格
【点评】
本题围绕喜鹊的习性与文化寓意展开，属于说明文类首字母填空，既考查词汇运用能力，也考查语境理解与语法规则的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
首字母填空需遵循以下思路：首先通读全文，把握短文主旨（本文介绍喜鹊的习性与文化寓意的差异）；接着逐句分析空格处的语境，结合首字母提示，判断所需单词的词性与词义；再结合语法规则（如形容词比较级、名词所有格、主谓一致等）和固定搭配，确定单词的正确形式；最后代入验证，确保语句通顺、逻辑合理。
【解析】
1. 根据上文“magpies represent happiness and good luck”及转折词But，可知现实中喜鹊并非如此，结合首字母n，可填nothing（构成固定搭配nothing like，意为“一点也不像”）或not；
2. 上文说明喜鹊是食腐动物，下文指出其是捕食性动物，二者为递进关系，结合首字母M，填Moreover（此外）；
3. 句中出现比较级标志词than，需用形容词比较级，结合首字母s，填smaller（更小的）；
4. 空格后为名词nests，需用名词所有格表所属，结合首字母b，填birds'（鸟类的）；
5. 根据“for territory and females”及固定搭配fight with（与……争斗），结合首字母f，填fight；
6. 上文提到喜鹊有时攻击人类，此处指这种情况可能发生，结合首字母h，填happen；
7. 前文说明喜鹊攻击总是针对头部，因此这种行为是危险的，结合首字母d，填dangerous；
8. which指代前文“喜鹊属于鸦科”这件事，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，结合首字母m，填means（意味着）；
9. 下文对比了乌鸦与喜鹊的寓意，结合首字母U，填Unlike（与……不同）；
10. 根据常识及“extremely cold or extremely hot”，可知喜鹊不会生活在这类地区，结合首字母n，填never或not；
【答案】
1. nothing/not 2. Moreover 3. smaller 4. birds' 5. fight 6. happen 7. dangerous 8. means 9. Unlike 10. never/not
【知识点】
首字母填空解题技巧、形容词比较级、名词所有格
【点评】
本题围绕喜鹊的习性与文化寓意展开，属于说明文类首字母填空，既考查词汇运用能力，也考查语境理解与语法规则的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅶ. 任务型阅读
根据短文内容，在空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。（第10小题不限词数）
Have you ever seen capybaras? They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past, but now we know that they are the largest rodents（啮齿动物）on earth. Guess what? They are new stars on social media now!
Seeing them in the wild, you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs, which are in fact one of their closest relatives. Capybaras' bodies are covered with reddish-brown fur. When swimming around, thanks to their small eyes, noses and hairless ears which are high on their heads, they're able to see the above-water things around them. That's why they can protect themselves from danger easily. A capybara weighs around 50 kilograms and it can grow to 1.5 metres in length. Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the male ones.
Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water. Pantanal, the world's largest freshwater wetland, is a perfect place for them to live. Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop because it is of some help for them to get all the things they need.
Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water. They usually live in groups of 10 to 20 (and up to 100 during the dry season). They also like chatting with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds, including purring, barking, whistling, cackling and grunting. Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving. It's like a capybara language.
With good personalities, capybaras have become increasingly popular on social media. They get along with almost all the other animals and share their homes with birds and turtles, just like a big animal family living together peacefully. They are calm and don't really care about what goes on around them. Other animals can do whatever they feel like if they don't hurt the capybaras. But if capybaras realise a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves.
Social Media's New Stars—Capybaras
| Introduction | • People used to 1 capybaras were a kind of pig, but now we know they are the largest rodents on earth. |
| ---- | ---- |
| 2 | • Capybaras don't look 3 from giant guinea pigs which are their closest relatives.
• Covered with reddish-brown fur, the male capybaras are not usually as 4 as the female ones. |
| Living conditions and food | • Most of them can be found living comfortably in 5 places in South America.
• They live mainly on grass, while eating their own poop is 6. |
| Abilities | • Capybaras are good at 7, besides chatting.
• They communicate in their own way, which is like a capybara language. |
| Personalities | • They are friendly, calm, and care 8 about what goes on around them.
• They will act to protect themselves when being 9 of a risk. |
| Since Capybaras have good personalities, what can you learn from them?
10 | |
1.
6.
根据短文内容，在空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。（第10小题不限词数）
Have you ever seen capybaras? They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past, but now we know that they are the largest rodents（啮齿动物）on earth. Guess what? They are new stars on social media now!
Seeing them in the wild, you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs, which are in fact one of their closest relatives. Capybaras' bodies are covered with reddish-brown fur. When swimming around, thanks to their small eyes, noses and hairless ears which are high on their heads, they're able to see the above-water things around them. That's why they can protect themselves from danger easily. A capybara weighs around 50 kilograms and it can grow to 1.5 metres in length. Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the male ones.
Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water. Pantanal, the world's largest freshwater wetland, is a perfect place for them to live. Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop because it is of some help for them to get all the things they need.
Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water. They usually live in groups of 10 to 20 (and up to 100 during the dry season). They also like chatting with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds, including purring, barking, whistling, cackling and grunting. Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving. It's like a capybara language.
With good personalities, capybaras have become increasingly popular on social media. They get along with almost all the other animals and share their homes with birds and turtles, just like a big animal family living together peacefully. They are calm and don't really care about what goes on around them. Other animals can do whatever they feel like if they don't hurt the capybaras. But if capybaras realise a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves.
Social Media's New Stars—Capybaras
| Introduction | • People used to 1 capybaras were a kind of pig, but now we know they are the largest rodents on earth. |
| ---- | ---- |
| 2 | • Capybaras don't look 3 from giant guinea pigs which are their closest relatives.
• Covered with reddish-brown fur, the male capybaras are not usually as 4 as the female ones. |
| Living conditions and food | • Most of them can be found living comfortably in 5 places in South America.
• They live mainly on grass, while eating their own poop is 6. |
| Abilities | • Capybaras are good at 7, besides chatting.
• They communicate in their own way, which is like a capybara language. |
| Personalities | • They are friendly, calm, and care 8 about what goes on around them.
• They will act to protect themselves when being 9 of a risk. |
| Since Capybaras have good personalities, what can you learn from them?
10 | |
1.
think/consider
2. Looks/Appearance
3. different
4. heavy
5. wet
6.
helpful
7. swimming
8. nothing/little/less
9. aware
10. We can learn to get along well with others peacefully like capybaras, and also know how to protect ourselves when facing risks.
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了水豚——这种曾被误认为是猪的、地球上最大的啮齿动物,介绍了其外貌、栖息地、食性、能力及温和友善的性格,还说明它因这些特点成为了社交媒体上的新晋网红。
1. think/consider 解析:根据“They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past”可知,人们过去认为水豚是一种猪,used to do sth“过去常常做某事”,这里要填 think“认为”或 consider“认为”的原形。故填 think/consider。
2. Looks/Appearance 解析:根据第二段内容(介绍水豚的外形、体型等)可知,这部分是关于水豚的外貌,单词首字母大写。故填 Looks/Appearance。
3. different 解析:根据“you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs”可知,水豚和巨型豚鼠看起来没什么不同,这里要填 different“不同的”。故填 different。
4. heavy 解析:根据“Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the male ones.”可知,雄性水豚通常不如雌性重。as+adj./adv.+as“和……一样……”,这里要填 heavy“重的”。故填 heavy。
5. wet 解析:根据“Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water.”可知,它们生活在潮湿的地方。wet“潮湿的”符合语境。故填 wet。
6. helpful 解析:根据“But they sometimes eat their own poop because it is of some help for them to get all the things they need.”可知,吃自己的粪便对它们是有帮助的。helpful“有帮助的”符合语境。故填 helpful。
7. swimming 解析:根据“Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water.”可知,水豚擅长游泳,at 为介词,后接动名词,所以这里要填 swimming“游泳”。故填 swimming。
8. nothing/little/less 解析:根据“They are calm and don't really care about what goes on around them.”可知,它们不太在意周围发生的事。故填 nothing/little/less。
9. aware 解析:根据“But if capybaras realise a risk they may attack others to protect themselves.”可知,当它们意识到危险时会自我保护,realise 对应 be aware of。故填 aware。
10. 开放性试题,答案合理即可。故答案为 We can learn to get along well with others peacefully like capybaras, and also know how to protect ourselves when facing risks.
1. think/consider 解析:根据“They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past”可知,人们过去认为水豚是一种猪,used to do sth“过去常常做某事”,这里要填 think“认为”或 consider“认为”的原形。故填 think/consider。
2. Looks/Appearance 解析:根据第二段内容(介绍水豚的外形、体型等)可知,这部分是关于水豚的外貌,单词首字母大写。故填 Looks/Appearance。
3. different 解析:根据“you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs”可知,水豚和巨型豚鼠看起来没什么不同,这里要填 different“不同的”。故填 different。
4. heavy 解析:根据“Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the male ones.”可知,雄性水豚通常不如雌性重。as+adj./adv.+as“和……一样……”,这里要填 heavy“重的”。故填 heavy。
5. wet 解析:根据“Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water.”可知,它们生活在潮湿的地方。wet“潮湿的”符合语境。故填 wet。
6. helpful 解析:根据“But they sometimes eat their own poop because it is of some help for them to get all the things they need.”可知,吃自己的粪便对它们是有帮助的。helpful“有帮助的”符合语境。故填 helpful。
7. swimming 解析:根据“Capybaras are good swimmers and love to play with water.”可知,水豚擅长游泳,at 为介词,后接动名词,所以这里要填 swimming“游泳”。故填 swimming。
8. nothing/little/less 解析:根据“They are calm and don't really care about what goes on around them.”可知,它们不太在意周围发生的事。故填 nothing/little/less。
9. aware 解析:根据“But if capybaras realise a risk they may attack others to protect themselves.”可知,当它们意识到危险时会自我保护,realise 对应 be aware of。故填 aware。
10. 开放性试题,答案合理即可。故答案为 We can learn to get along well with others peacefully like capybaras, and also know how to protect ourselves when facing risks.
解析
【分析】
解题时需先通读全文把握主旨（介绍水豚的相关信息）；再针对表格各空，先确定对应段落的核心内容，定位原文对应句子，结合空格所需词性、词义，以及固定搭配、语法结构（如used to do、as...as等）确定单词；第10题为开放性试题，需结合文章主旨合理作答。
【解析】
1. 根据原文“They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past”，used to后接动词原形，故填think/consider。
2. 第二段主要介绍水豚的外形特征，对应表格中该栏目的核心，故填Looks/Appearance。
3. 由原文“they look like giant guinea pigs”可知，水豚与巨型豚鼠无差异，故填different。
4. 原文“Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the male ones”，as...as中间用原级，故填heavy。
5. 原文“like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water”，对应潮湿的地方，故填wet。
6. 原文“it is of some help”转换为形容词，故填helpful。
7. 原文“Capybaras are good swimmers”，be good at后接动名词，故填swimming。
8. 原文“don't really care about what goes on around them”，对应不在意，故填nothing/little/less。
9. 原文“realise a risk”对应固定搭配be aware of，故填aware。
10. 开放性试题，结合文章主旨（水豚友善、会自我保护）合理作答即可，如We can learn to get along well with others peacefully and also know how to protect ourselves when facing risks.
【答案】
1. think/consider 2. Looks/Appearance 3. different 4. heavy 5. wet 6. helpful 7. swimming 8. nothing/little/less 9. aware 10. We can learn to get along well with others peacefully and also know how to protect ourselves when facing risks.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、词汇运用、信息定位
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读，围绕水豚的信息设题，考查学生的信息定位、词汇转换及主旨理解能力，题型常规，第10题开放性试题可考查学生发散思维。
【难度系数】
0.6
解题时需先通读全文把握主旨（介绍水豚的相关信息）；再针对表格各空，先确定对应段落的核心内容，定位原文对应句子，结合空格所需词性、词义，以及固定搭配、语法结构（如used to do、as...as等）确定单词；第10题为开放性试题，需结合文章主旨合理作答。
【解析】
1. 根据原文“They were thought to be a kind of pig in the past”，used to后接动词原形，故填think/consider。
2. 第二段主要介绍水豚的外形特征，对应表格中该栏目的核心，故填Looks/Appearance。
3. 由原文“they look like giant guinea pigs”可知，水豚与巨型豚鼠无差异，故填different。
4. 原文“Female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the male ones”，as...as中间用原级，故填heavy。
5. 原文“like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water”，对应潮湿的地方，故填wet。
6. 原文“it is of some help”转换为形容词，故填helpful。
7. 原文“Capybaras are good swimmers”，be good at后接动名词，故填swimming。
8. 原文“don't really care about what goes on around them”，对应不在意，故填nothing/little/less。
9. 原文“realise a risk”对应固定搭配be aware of，故填aware。
10. 开放性试题，结合文章主旨（水豚友善、会自我保护）合理作答即可，如We can learn to get along well with others peacefully and also know how to protect ourselves when facing risks.
【答案】
1. think/consider 2. Looks/Appearance 3. different 4. heavy 5. wet 6. helpful 7. swimming 8. nothing/little/less 9. aware 10. We can learn to get along well with others peacefully and also know how to protect ourselves when facing risks.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、词汇运用、信息定位
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读，围绕水豚的信息设题，考查学生的信息定位、词汇转换及主旨理解能力，题型常规，第10题开放性试题可考查学生发散思维。
【难度系数】
0.6
